高中英语构词法.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2016/12/29,#,高中英语构词法,整理人：淄博中学张萍,参考文献：,5,年高考,3,年模拟,2016B,版，,318-324.,整理时间：,2016,年,12,月份,英语学科素养之,语言知识,派生,后缀法,变名词（,12,种词尾）,变形容词（,10,种词尾）,变动词（,4,种词尾）,前缀法,18,种前缀,否性前缀或后缀,8,种否定前缀,2,种否定后缀,转化,动词与名词的转换,动词与形容词的转换,形容词与名词的转换,合成,合成形容词,8,种合成形容词,合成名词,派生之,后缀法,（1）-ence,-ance,结尾的名词,序号,中文,原词,名词,1,存在,exist,existence,2,发生,occur,occur,rence,3,查阅，参考,refer,reference,4,更喜欢、偏好,prefer,preference,5,不同,differ,difference,6,接受,accept,acceptance,7,出现，外表,appear,appearance,8,履行,perform,performance,9,抵制,resist,resistance,10,指导,guide,guidance,11,进入,enter,entrance,12,保险,insure,insurance,13,帮助,assist,assistance,14,忍受,endure,endurance,15,忍受,tolerate,tolerance,（2）-tion,-sion,结尾的名词,序号,中文,原词,名词,1,生产,produce,production,2,介绍,introduce,introduction,3,消费,consume,consumption,4,减少,reduce,reduction,5,认为、假设,assume,assumption,6,suppose,suppositiion,7,毁灭,destroy,destruction,8,描写,describe,description,9,打断,interrupt,interruption,10,采纳、收养,adopt,adoption,11,防止,prevent,prevention,12,接收，接待处,receive,reception,13,解决,solve,solution,14,进化,evolve,evolution,15,建议,suggest,suggestion,16,编辑、版本,edit,edition,17,展览,exhibit,exhibition,18,打算、意图,intend,intension,19,认出,recognize,recognition,20,解释、定义,define,definition,21,保护,protect,protection,22,方向、指导,direct,direction,23,指令,instrut,instruction,24,建设,construct,construction,25,注射,inject,injection,26,感染,infect,infection,27,驳斥,reject,rejection,28,反对,object,objection,29,oppose,opposition,30,链接,connect,connection,31,收集,collect,collection,32,纠正,correct,correction,33,视察,inspect,inspection,34,挑选,select,selection,35,选举,elect,election,36,限制,restrict,restriction,37,抵触、矛盾,contradict,contradiction,38,保留,reserve,reservation,39,保存,preserve,preservation,40,保护,conserve,conservation,41,观察,observe,observation,42,挨饿,starve,starvation,43,组织,organize,organization,44,文明,civilize,civilization,45,认识,realize,realization,46,考试,examine,examination,47,决定,determine,determination,48,形成,form,formation,49,通知,inform,information,50,想象,imagine,imagination,51,运输,transport,transportation,52,邀请,invite,invitation,53,期待,expect,expectation,54,诱惑,tempt,temptation,55,改编、适应,adapt,adaptation,56,移民,immigrate,immigraion,57,模仿,imitate,imitation,58,准备,prepare,preparation,59,探索,explore,exploration,60,考虑,consider,consideration,61,宣布,declare,declaration,62,装饰,decorate,decoration,63,激发、灵感,inspire,inspiration,64,放松、休闲,relax,relaxion,65,交流,communicate,communication,66,占用、职业,occupy,occupation,67,满足,statisfy,satisfaction,68,申请、应用,apply,application,69,暗示,imply,implication,70,推荐,recommend,recommendation,71,口译、理解,interpret,interpretation,72,结合,combine,combination,73,操作、手术,operate,operation,74,犹豫,hesitate,hesitation,75,教育,educate,education,76,定位,locate,location,77,指出,indicate,indication,78,参加,participate,participation,79,计算,calculate,calculation,80,欣赏、感激,appreciate,appreciation,81,联想、协会,associate,association,82,分离,separate,separation,83,冬眠,hibernate,hibernation,84,赔偿,compensate,compensation,85,调查,investigate,investigation,86,庆祝,celebrate,celebration,87,祝贺,congratulate,congratulation,88,翻译,translate,traslation,89,积累,accumulate,accumulation,90,加速,acceletrat,acceleration,91,解放,liberate,liberation,92,革新,innovate,motivation,93,集中,concentrate,concentration,94,游行、示威,demostrate,demostration,95,贡献,contribute,contribution,96,促进,promote,promotion,97,致力,devote,devotion,98,沮丧,frustrate,frustration,99,印象,impress,impression,100,拥有、财产,possess,possession,101,讨论,discuss,dicussion,102,扩大,expand,expansion,103,延伸,extend,entension,104,承认,admit,admition,105,允许,permit,permission,106,排放,emit,emission,107,爆炸,explode,explosion,108,结论,conclude,conclusion,109,决定,decide,decision,110,划分,divide,division,111,迷惑,confuse,confusion,（3）-ment,结尾的名词,序号,中文,原词,名词,1,广告,advertise,advertisement,2,同意,agree,agreement,3,惊奇,amaze,amazement,4,吃惊,astonish,astonishment,5,通告,announce,announcement,6,安排,arrange,arrangement,7,评估,assess,assessment,8,发展,develop,development,9,失望,disappoint,disappointmeng,10,雇佣、就业,employ,employment,11,鼓舞,encourage,encouragement,12,款待、娱乐,entertain,entertainment,13,装备,equip,equipment,14,统治,govern,government,15,改进,improve,improvement,16,投资,invest,investment,17,卷入,involve,involvement,18,管理,manage,management,19,惩罚,punish,punishment,20,要求,require,requirement,21,退休,retire,retirement,22,定居,settle,settlement,23,陈述、阐述,state,statement,24,对待、治疗,treat,treatment,25,以,为基础,base,basement,26,人行道,pave,pavement,27,取得,achieve,achievement,28,完成,accompish,accompishment,（4）-ness,结尾的名词,序号,中文,原词,名词,1,意识,aware,awareness,2,意识,conscious,consciousness,3,苦,bitter,bitterness,4,盲目,blind,blindness,5,冷静,calm,calmness,6,聪明,clever,cleverness,7,疯狂,crazy,craziness,8,渴望,eager,eagerness,9,公平,fair,fairness,10,愚蠢,foolish,foolishness,11,适合,fit,fitness,12,幸福、愉快,happy,happiness,13,疾病,ill,illness,14,友好,kind,kindness,15,懒惰,lazy,laziness,16,孤独,lonely,loneliness,17,宁静,quiet,quietness,18,悲伤,sad,sadness,19,严重性,serious,seriousness,20,甜美,sweet,sweetness,21,稳定,steady,steadiness,22,厚度,thick,thickness,23,累,tired,tiredness,24,弱点,weak,weakness,25,冷淡,cold,coldness,26,惶恐不安,nervous,nervousness,27,思乡,homesick,homesickness,28,粗心,careless,carelessness,29,自私,selfish,selfishness,30,无私,selfless,selflessness,31,无私,unselfless,unselflessness,32,无助,helpless,helplessness,33,无望,hopeless,hopelessness,（5）-age,结尾的名词,序号,中文,原词,名词,1,婚姻,marry,marriage,2,短缺,short,shortage,3,储存,store,storage,4,包裹,pack,package,5,车厢,carry,carriage,6,通道,pass,passage,（6）-th,结尾的名词,序号,中文,原词,名词,1,温暖,warm,warmth,2,真理,TRUE,truth,3,死亡,dead,deadth,4,成长,grow,growth,（7）-ure,结尾的名词,序号,中文,原词,名词,1,快乐,please,pleasure,2,离开,depart,departure,3,暴露,expose,exposure,4,压力,press,pressure,5,失败,fail,failure,6,混合,mix,mixture,7,签名,sign,signture,（8）-ce,结尾的名词,序号,中文,原词,名词,adj-n,1,缺席,absent,absence,2,出席,present,presence,3,自信,confident,confidence,4,方便,convenient,convenience,5,不同,different,difference,6,勤奋,diligent,diligence,7,距离,distant,distance,8,证据,evident,evidence,9,优秀,excellent,excellence,10,重要,important,importance,11,独立,independent,independence,12,天真、无辜,innocent,innocence,13,智力,intelligent,intelligence,14,公正,just,justice,15,耐心,patient,patience,16,浪漫,romantic,romance,17,沉默,silent,silence,18,暴力,violent,violence,v.-n,19,冒犯,offend,offence,20,防御,defend,defence,21,建议,advise,advice,22,设施,devise,device,（9）-dom,结尾的名词,序号,中文,原词,名词,1,自由,free,freedom,2,王国,king,kingdom,3,智慧,wise,wisdom,（10）-hood,结尾的名词,序号,中文,原词,名词,1,孩童时代,child,childhood,2,男孩时代,boy,boyhood,3,邻里,neighbor,neighborhood,（11）-ship,结尾的名词,序号,中文,原词,名词,1,所有权,owner,ownership,2,锦标赛,champion,championship,3,友谊,friend,friendship,4,手艺,craftsman,craftsmanship,5,奖学金,scholar,scholarship,6,领导才能,leader,leadership,7,艰难,hard,hardship,8,关系,relation,relationship,（12）-ing,结尾的名词,序号,中文,原词,名词,1,农业,farm,farming,2,变暖,warm,warming,3,园艺,garden,gardening,4,学业,school,schooling,5,绘画,paint,painting,6,意思,mean,meaning,7,绘画,draw,drawing,8,训练,train,training,9,录音,tape-record,tape-recording,10,衣物,cloth,clothing,11,感觉,feel,feeling,12,十字路口,cross,crossing,13,工资,earn,earnings,14,问候,greet,greetings,15,储蓄,save,savings,16,所发生的事,happen,happenings,17,发现,find,findings,18,财产,belong,belongings,19,痛苦,suffer,sufferings,20,贡品,offer,offerings,21,环境,surround,surroundings,22,保龄球,bowl,bowling,23,举重,weight-lift,weight-lifting,24,射击,shoot,shooting,25,摔跤,wrestle,wrestling,2.,变形容词,（1）-y,结尾的形容词词,序号,中文,原词,形容词,n-adj,1,阳光灿烂的,sun,sunny,2,多雨的,rain,rainy,3,被雪覆盖的,snow,snowy,4,有风的,wind,windy,5,有暴风雨的,storm,stormy,6,寒冷的,chill,chilly,7,多雾的,fog,foggy,8,有霜的,frost,frosty,9,冰冷的,ice,icy,10,阴沉的,gloom,gloomy,11,布满星星的,star,starry,12,泥泞的,mud,muddy,13,布满灰尘的,dust,dusty,14,脏的,dirt,dirty,15,健康的,health,healthy,16,富有的,wealth,wealthy,17,霸道的,boss,bossy,18,臭的,smell,smelly,19,美味的,taste,tasty,20,咸的,salt,salty,21,皮包骨头的,skin,skinny,22,贪婪的,greed,greedy,23,迅速的,speed,speedy,24,狡猾的、棘手的,trick,tricky,v-adj,25,爱挑剔的,choose,choosy,26,爱挑剔的,pick,picky,27,黏的,stick,sticky,28,悦耳易记的,catch,catchy,29,害怕的,scare,scary,30,滑溜溜的,slip,slippery,（2）-al,-ial,结尾的形容词词,序号,中文,原词,形容词,1,全球的,globe,global,2,文化的,culture,cultural,3,农业的,agriculture,agricultural,4,情景的,situation,situational,5,有条件的,condition,conditional,6,环境的,environment,environmental,7,化学的,chemistry,chemical,8,医学的,medicine,medical,9,原始的,origin,original,10,政治的,politics,political,11,实际的,practice,practical,12,理论的,theory,theoretical,13,音乐的,music,musical,14,感情的,emotion,emotional,15,国家的,nation,national,16,自然的,nature,natural,17,个人的,person,personal,18,偶尔的,occasion,occasional,19,精神上的,mind,mental,20,身体上的,physics,physical,21,偶然的,accident,accidental,22,教育的,education,educational,23,技术上的,technique,technical,24,心理上的,psychology,psychological,25,沿海的,coast,coastal,26,种族的,race,racial,27,面部的,face,facial,28,工业的,industry,industrial,29,金融的,finance,financial,30,商业的,commerce,commercial,31,官方的,office,official,32,有益的,benefit,beneficial,33,典型的,type,typical,34,有影响的,influence,influencial,（3）-ful,-less,结尾的形容词词,序号,中文,原词,形容词,1,感激的,thank,thankful,2,感激的,grate,grateful,3,充足的,plenty,plentyiful,4,美丽的,beauty,beautiful,5,成功的,success,successful,6,可怕的,awe,aweful,7,忠实的,faith,faithful,8,和平的,peace,peaceful,9,高兴的,joy,joyful,10,高兴的,cheer,cheerful,11,非常干净的,spot,spotless,12,无休止的,end,endless,13,无家可归的,home,homeless,14,无工作的,job,jobless,15,身无分文的,penny,penniless,16,无私的,self,selfless,17,无目标的,aim,aimless,18,无线的,wire,wireless,19,无限的,limit,limitless,20,无价的,price,priceless,21,毫无价值的,value,valueless,22,无言的,speech,speechless,23,上气不接下气的,breath,breathless,24,小心的、粗心的,care,careful,careless,25,多彩的，无色的,color,colorful,colorless,26,有用的、无用的,use,useful,useless,27,成果丰硕的、无成效的,fruit,fruitful,fruitless,28,强大的、无能力的,power,powerful,powerless,29,有意义的、无意义的,meaning,meaningful,meaningless,30,无意义的,point,pointless,31,无意义的,sense,senseless,32,痛苦的、不痛的,pain,painful,painless,33,后悔的、无悔的,regret,regretful,regretless,34,有害的、无害的,harm,harmful,harmless,35,闲适宁静的、躁动不安的,rest,restful,restless,36,优雅的、粗鲁的,grace,graceful,graceless,37,抱有希望的、无望的,hope,hopeful,hopeless,38,有帮助的、无助的,help,helpful,helpless,39,考虑周到的、不周到的,thought,thoughtful,thoughtless,（4）-(i)ous,结尾的形容词词,序号,中文,原词,形容词,1,许多的,number,numberous,2,多山的,mountain,mountainous,3,冒险的,adventure,adventurous,4,紧张的,nerve,nervous,5,有毒的,poison,poisonous,6,危险的,danger,dangerous,7,灾难的,disaster,disasterous,8,小心的,caution,cautious,9,营养的,nutrition,nutritious,10,宗教的,religion,religious,11,宽敞的,space,spacious,12,有抱负的,abbition,abbitious,13,神秘的,mystery,mysterious,（5）-able,-(s)ible,结尾的形容词词,序号,中文,原词,形容词,1,不可预见的,predict,unpredictable,2,不可避免的,avoid,unavoidable,3,不可忘的,forget,unforgetable,4,不想要的,desire,undesirable,5,不舒服的,comfort,uncomfortable,6,不利的,favor,unfavorable,7,不合适的,suit,unsuitable,8,不可忍受的,bear,unbearable,9,不可忍受的,endure,unendurable,10,不可信的,believe,unbelievable,11,不可信的,credit,incredible,12,不可接近的,access,inaccessible,13,看不见的,view,invisible,14,不可治愈的,cure,incurable,15,支付得起的,afford,affordable,16,适应能力强的,adapt,adaptable,17,可更新的,renew,renewable,18,便携的,port,portable,19,多变的,change,changeable,20,可吃的,eat,eatable,21,可以靠的,rely,reliable,22,可行的,work,workable,23,有价值的,value,valuable,24,合理的,reason,reasonable,25,高兴的,enjoy,enjoyable,26,流行的,fashion,fashionable,（6）-tive,结尾的形容词词,序号,中文,原词,形容词,v.-adj,1,多产的,produce,productive,2,迷人的,attract,attractive,3,有创造力的,create,creative,4,保护的,protect,protectative,5,预防性的,prevent,preventtative,6,健谈的,talk,talkative,7,可供替代的,alter,alternative,8,相关的,relate,relative,9,有教育意义的,instruct,instructive,10,有竞争力的,compete,competitive,n.-adj,11,有效的,effect,effective,12,贵的,expense,expensive,（7）-tic,-fic,结尾的形容词词,序号,中文,原词,形容词,1,系统的,system,systematic,2,科学的,science,scientific,3,戏剧般的,drama,dramatic,4,浪漫的,romance,romantic,5,有同情心的,sympathy,sympathetic,6,精力充沛的,energy,energetic,（8）-en,结尾的形容词词,序号,中文,原词,形容词,1,羊毛的,wool,woolen,2,金色的,gold,golden,3,木质的,wood,wooden,（9）-some,结尾的形容词词,序号,中文,原词,形容词,1,英俊的,hand,handsome,2,令人惊叹的,awe,awesome,3,令人烦恼的,trouble,troublesome,4,烦人的,tire,tiresome,（10）-ly,结尾的形容词词,序号,中文,原词,形容词,1,致命的,dead,deadly,2,活跃的,live,lively,3,友好的,friend,friendly,4,兄弟般的,brother,brotherly,5,有次序的,order,orderly,6,昂贵的,cost,costly,7,每月的,month,monthly,8,每天的,day,dayly,3.,变动词,(1)-fy,结尾的动词,序号,中文,原词,动词,1,净化,pure,purify,2,简化,simple,simplify,3,美化,beautiful,beautify,4,使合理化,just,justify,5,使恐惧,terrible,terrify,6,使震惊,horrible,horrify,7,合格化,quality,qualify,8,分类,class,classify,9,认出,identy,identify,(2)-ize,结尾的动词,序号,中文,原词,动词,adj-v.,1,认识到,real,realize,2,使现代化,modern,modernize,3,使工业化,industrial,industrialize,4,使普及,popular,popularize,5,集权,central,centralize,6,使全球化,global,globalize,7,使理想化,ideal,idealize,8,使稳定,stable,stabilize,9,使正常化,normal,normalize,10,社会化,social,socialize,11,使专门化,special,specialize,n.-v.,1,使物质化,material,materialize,2,总结,summary,summarize,3,记忆,memory,memorize,(3)-en,结尾的动词,序号,中文,原词,动词,1,变暗,dark,darken,2,削尖,sharp,sharpen,3,松开,loose,loosen,4,软化,soft,soften,5,恶化,bad,worsen,6,减轻,light,lighten,7,加宽,broad,broaden,8,加宽,quick,quicken,9,削弱,weak,weaken,10,变紧,tight,tighten,11,使更明亮,bright,brighten,12,减少,little,lessen,13,变黑,black,blacken,14,缩短,short,shorten,adj-n.-v.,1,加深,deep,depth-deepen,2,加宽,wide,width-widen,3,加强,strong,strength-strengthen,4,加长,long,length-lengthen,5,加高,high,height-heighten,(4)-e,结尾的动词,序号,中文,原词,动词,n.-v.,1,洗澡,bath,bathe,2,呼吸,breath,breathe,3,给,穿衣服,cloth,clothe,派生之,前缀法,前缀,中文意思,英文单词,1.,超过,over-,无意中听到,over-hear,超过,overtake,睡过头,oversleep,人口过剩,overpopulation,推翻,overthrow/overturn,克服,overcome,忽略、俯视,overlook,2.,重新,re-,康复、找回,recover,脱（衣服）、移开,remove,续借、更换、续签,renew,回收利用,recycle,替代,replace,使恢复精力,refresh,改革,reform,复习,review,3.,前的,fore-,预告,foretell,前额,forehead,预报,forecast,预知,foresee,4.,前的,pre-,前提,precondition,预告,predict,战前的,pre-war,幼儿园,preschool,预习,preview,5.,前的,ex-,前妻,ex-wife,前总统,ex-president,6.,后的,post-,战后的,post-war,研究生,postgraduate,7.,多的,multi-,多媒体的,multimedia,多元文化的,multi-cultural,多项选择的,multiple-choice,8.,远的,tele-,电话,telephone,电视,television,电报,telegram,电信,tele-communications,9.,相互的,inter-,面试,interview,国际的,international,互联网,internet,相互作用,interact,10.,微小的,micro-,麦克风,microphone,微波,microwave,微软,microsoft,显微镜,microscope,11.,自动的,auto-,汽车,automobile,自传,autobiography,亲笔签名,autograph,自动地,automactically,12.,副的,vice-,副总统,vice-president,副总理,vice-premier,13.,生态的,eco-,生态学,ecology,生态系统,ecosystem,生态友好的,eco-friendly,14.,中国的,Sino-,中日的,Sino-Japanese,中石化,Sinopec,15.,潜、次一级,sub-,潜意识,subconscious,亚热带的,subtropical,地铁,subway,潜水艇,submarine,郊区的,suburban,副标题,subtitle,16.,半,semi-,半熟练的,semi-skilled,半决赛,semi-final,17.,三,tri-,三轮车,tricycle,三角形,triangle,18.,横跨,trans-,转移,transfer,转变,transform,传播,transmit,移植,transplant,否定的前缀,中文意思,英文单词,1.in-,im-/il-,ir-,不活跃的,inactive,不贵的,inexpensive,缺乏经验的,inexperienced,随便的,informal,不完整的,incomplete,不方便的,inconvenient,独立的,independent,间接的,indirect,不重要的,insignificant,无能无力的,incapable/incompetent,不合适的,improper/inappropriate,不精确的,inaccurate/incorrect/inexact,不充足的,insufficient/inadequate,不成熟的,impefect,不耐烦的,impossible,不完美的,impolite,不可能的,impossilbe,不礼貌的,impolite,不合逻辑的,illogical,不合法的,illegal,不规则的,irregular,不负责的,irresponsible,2.un-,不寻常的,unusual,不安的,uneasy,不公平的,unfair/unjust,不知道的,unaware/unconsciou,不确定的,uncertain,不普通的,uncommon,不重要的,unimportant,不成功的,unsuccessful,不整洁的,untidy,未完成的,unfinish/undone,不受欢迎的,unpopular,不愉快的,unpleasant,不必要的,unsuccessful,没被注意的,unnoticed,不合理的,unreasonable,脱衣,undress,打开,unfold,卸车,unload,开,的锁,unlock,解冻,unfreeze,出土,/,挖掘,unearth,拧开,unscrew,解开,undo/unpack,揭露,uncover,3.dis-,消失,disappear,不鼓励,discourage,揭露,disclose,发现,discover,不同意,disagree,不同意,disapprove,不服从,disobey,不诚实的,dishonest,不满意的,dissatisfied,可耻的,disgraceful,弱点,disadvantage,紊乱,disorder