定语从句速成兵法复习课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Grammar,Revision of the Attributive,By,Mr,Guan,Tuesday,September 9,2014,Step one,定语从句的构成,两个简单句：,The man,is my brother,A man,is standing there,.,.,=,主从复合句：,The man,who is standing there,is my brother,.,先行词,：,被定语从句所修饰的词,先行词一般是名词或代词,关系词,：引导定语从句的词,Step 2.,关系词的种类,关系代词,关系副词,起着,代词和连词,的作用，在从句中充当,主语，宾语或定语,起着,副词或介词短语和连词,的作用，,在从句中充当,状语,The man,(,who,is standing there),is my brother.,关系词的作用：代替前面的先行词在从句中充当一定的成分,把两个句子连起来构成一个复合句,成分,所指,关系词,主语,指人,指物,宾语,指人,指物,定语,指人,指物,that/who,that/which,(that/who/whom),(that/which),whose/of whom,whose/of which,I have a,sister,.,+,She,works in Shanghai.,=I have a,sister,_ works in Shanghai,.,Translate:,他想要见的人在上海,。,The man,is in Shanghai.,+,He wants to see,the man,.,=The,man,_ he wants to see is in Shanghai.,Have you found,the pen,?,+,You lost,it,yesterday.,=Have you found the,pen,_ you lost yesterday?,who/that,who/whom/that,(that/which),考点：,that,和,which,以下情况，引导词用,that,，,不用,which,。,1.,先行词为不定代词,everything,，,little,，,much,，,all,，,anything,，,nothing,。,e.g.,Finally,the thief handed everything,that,he had stolen.,2.,先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用,that,。,e.g.This is the best book,(that),Ive ever read.,考点：,that,和,which,3.,先行词被,the only,，,the very,，,the last,修饰时，用,that,。,e.g.,It is the only city,that,I want to see now.,4.,先行词同时指人和指物时，用,that,。,e.g.,We talked about the things and persons,that,we saw then.,The,most important,thing_ we should pay attention to is,the first,thing _ I have said.,2.This is,the very,dictionary _ I am looking for.,3.There is,nothing,_ can prevent him from doing that.,?.,Those,_ break the rule will be punished.,that,that,that,Fill in the blanks with the proper relative words,that,who,Do you know,the girl,?,+,Her,mother works here,.,=Do you know the girl _ mother works here?,I live in a,room,.,+,its,window faces south.,=I live in a room _ window faces south,.,whose,whose,=I live in a room,the window of which,faces south.,of which the window,关系代词前的介词的确定,5.whose,从句可转换为“,of+,关系代词”型，如：,e.g.They live in a house,whose door opens to the south.,They lived in a house,of which the door,opens to the south.,They lived in a house,the door of which,open to the south.,He shows me the house,whose,door,faces south /,He shows me the house,of which,the door,faces south./,He shows me the house,the door of which,faces south.,先行词和关系词的关系,A plane is a machine,that,can fly,.,The boy,who,broke the window,is called Tom.,The boy,whose,parents are dead,was brought up,by his grandfather.,The school,where,I study,is far from my home.,the machine=,that,the boy,=,who,the boys,=,whose,in the school,=,where,关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,关系词,whose,实际上是先行词的所有格,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,Exercises,Look at the lady _ name is,Pochi,.,A.who B.whose C.whom D.that,Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.,A.who B.whose C.whom D.which,The girl _ could sing well went to Europe.,A.who B.whose C.whom D.whom,Step 4.,关系副词,先行词,状语,地点,where,时间,when,原因,why/for which,This is,the house,.+I was born,in the house.,（,介词短语,）,=I was born,there,（,副词,).,=This is the house_ I was born.,=,_ which,注意区别：,This is the house _ I was born,in.,(which/that),where,in,We will never forget,the day,.+,we will hold the Olympic Games,on that day,.,=We will never forget the day _ we will hold the,Olympic Games.,_ which,注意区别：,I will never forget the day _ I,spent,with you,last year.,(which/that),I dont know the reason,why,he left here.,=for which,when,on,This is the house,which,I ever lived,in,.,This is the house,that,I ever lived,in,.,This is the house I ever lived in.,This is the house,where,I ever lived.,This is the man(that/who)I talked to.,关系代词和关系副词的用法,及其容易混用的情况,Fill in the blanks,using relative pron.or relative adv.,1.This is the,factory,_ I once worked.,2.This is the,factory,_ Ive visited.,3.The,day,_ I always remember is Oct.1,.,4.The,day,_Nanjing was liberated is Sep.11.,5.The,reason,_ he hasnt come is that he has,been ill.,6.Dont believe the,reason,_ he give you.,where,that/which,that/which,when,why,that,判断先行词的步骤,：,步骤一,辨别出先行词,步骤二,确定先行词在从句中所充当的成分,步骤三,查看有无特殊情况,注意,：,1.Thank you for the book you gave it to me yesterday.,在定语从句中，关系代词已代替了前面的先行词，,所以在从句中不能在重复了。,what,不能用于定语从句中,2.Tell me anything what you know.,Tell me what you know,.,that,tell sb.,sth,Attributive Clause,Prep.+which/whom,1).,介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性的搭配,.,The,farm,_I once worked has taken on a,new look.,2).,介词与从句中的动词是一种习惯性的搭配,Who is the man _our teacher is,shaking,hands,?,3).,介词与从句中的形容词一起构成一种习惯性的搭配,Ours is a beautiful country,_we are greatly,proud,.,on which,with whom,of which,A,.The farm,_,which,we worked ten years ago is beautiful.,B.This is,the tree,_,which,we used to play games,.,on,under,（名词、代词、数词、最高级）,of,whom/which,结构中，,表所属关系，”,当中的,”,China has hundreds of islands,the largest of that is Taiwan.,which,There are 54 students in our class,most of them are boys,.,whom,Attributive Clause,4).,表示“所有格”或“整体中的部分”时，用介词,of,There are over one thousand workers in the factory,80 percent _ are women.,C:Fill in the blanks,using relative pronoun,relative,adv.or preposition with which/whom.,In the dark street,there wasnt a single person,_ she could turn for help.,2.When you read the book,youd better make a mark,_you have any questions.,3.Barcelona is the city _ the 25th Summer Olympic,were held.,to whom,where,where,of whom,.,2.We are going to,build a railway,the base of,which,are steady.,3.I bought some books from the library,three of,which,are about English.,4.I bought some books from the library,20 percent of,which,are about English.,5.I can do a lot of things,all of,which,I recorded in the tape.,6.China has thousand of islands,the largest of,which,is Taiwan island.,.,1.Do you like the book,she spent$10?,2.Do you like the book,she paid$10?,3.Do you like the book,she learned a lot?,4.Do you like the book,she often talks?,5.He built a telescope,he could study the skies.,7.China has a lot of rivers,the second longest _,is the Yellow River.,8.The tower _ people can have a good view,is on the hill.,9.The man _ I spoke on the phone last night,is very good at wrestling.,10.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,of which,from which,to whom,of which,介词,+,关系代词 练习,Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,（花瓶）,_ was very reasonable,（合理的）,.,A.which price,B.the price of which,C.its price,D.the price of whose,The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%_ are sold abroad.,A.of which,B.which of,C.of them,D.of that,Last week,two persons came to see the house,_wanted to buy it.,A.both of they,B.neither of whom,C.both of them,D.all of whom,There are two buildings,_ stands nearly a hundred feet high.,A.the larger,B.the larger of them,C.the larger one that,D.the larger of which,In the office,I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m.,_ time many people have gone home.,A.whose,B.that,C.on which,D.by which,5,.,介词,+,关系代词,+,名词,He spent four years in college,_ he studied medicine.,（在那段时间内）,during which time,在非限制定语从句中，需注意以下几点：,that,不能用来引导非限制性定语从句,why,不能用来引导非限制性定语从句，应用,for which,e.g.I have told them the reason,for which I didnt,attend the meeting,.,在非限制性的定语从句中，指人的关系代词作宾语时，,只能用,whom,，不能用,who,替换，也不能省略,His wife,_ you met at my home,was a teacher.,A.whom B.who C.that D.whose,as,引导的非限制性定语从句,The earth is round._ is known to all.,The earth is round,_ is known to all.,_ is known to all,the earth is round,_ is known to all,that,the earth is round.,It,which,/as,As,It,as,具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：,as,you know/,as,you see/,as,we planned/,as,we expected,定语从句在句首时只能用,as,在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词有时代替修饰的不是前面,的名词或代词，而是前面的整一句话。这种关系代词只有,两个,:,which,as,Alice received an invitation from her boss,_ came as,a surprise.,it B.that C.which D.he,_ is reported in the newspapers,talks between the two,countries are making progress.,A.It B.As C.That D.What,区别：,a.which,只能放在句末，而,as,从句则还可以放在句首或句中。,b.,从意义上讲，,which,意为“这一点,而,as,却可表示”正如那样“，,有些,as,从句已成了固定句型,如：,As we all know,as is known to all,as you say,as I can see,As is reported,as you may have heard,This is the same pen,as,I lost.,This is the same pen,that,I lost.,Please compare:,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,This is,such,an interesting book _,_,_ we all like.,This is,so,interesting a book _ we all like.,This is,such,an interesting book _we all like,it,.,This is,so,interesting a book _we all like,it,.,as,that,Please complete the following sentences and compare:,as,that,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,(,定语从句,),这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。,(,结果状语从句,),Practice makes perfect!,May you succeed in your studies!,“,特困生,”,You do know my love.,Laughing is better than medicine.,-Jewish saying,