虚拟语气浓缩版.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2015/11/2,#,真实条件句,这种条件句实现的可能性非常大，常用,if,unless,once,as/so long as,on condition that,等引导。,If I have time,Ill come over to see you.,I wont go to the party unless they invite me.,As long as you love it,you can keep it to yourself.,虚拟条件句,If there were no music,the world would be very dull.(,与现在试试相反,),If the sun were to rise/rose/should rise in the west,I would lend you the money.(,与将来的事实相反,),If I had known that you were coming,I would have picked you up at the airport.(,与过去事实相反,),对事实的假设,从句中的谓语动词,主句中的谓语动词,与现在事实相反,过去时,Ved,（,be=were,）,Should,/could/would/might+V,原,与将来事实相反,过去时,Ved,(be=were),Should+V,原,Were to+V,原,与过去事实相反,Had,+Vpp,Should,/could/would/might+Have+Vpp,错综虚拟语气,从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作发生的时间不一致，称为错综虚拟语气，从句动词的形式根据各自表示时间进行调整。,If you had taken my advice then,you wouldnt be in trouble now.,If it had rained last night,it might be very cold today.,If she were to leave,I would have heard about it.,含蓄虚拟语气,虚拟的条件并没有直接通过条件句来表示，而是用一些词，如,without,but for,otherwise,等或通过上下文暗示来说明。,Without electricity,the world would be dark.,But for your advice,I wouldnt have made such great progress.,With favorable winds,we might have got there in two days.,虚拟条件句的倒装,条件句中有,had,should,were,时，可以将,if,去掉，把,had,should,were,提前至主语前，形成部分倒装。,If time were to go back,I would work double hard.=Were time to go back,.,If I had worked hard,I would have surely succeeded.=Had I worked hard,.,If it should be fine tomorrow,we would go for an outing.=Should it be fine tomorrow,宾从的虚拟语气,1,）,wish,后的宾从,Wish,后的宾从，从句用一般过去时，表示与现在相反的情况，用过去完成表示与过去相反的情况，用,would/could+V,表示与将来相反的情况。,I wish I lived on the seashore.,I wish you had come to the wedding.,I wish I could know the answer to this question.,2,）,would rather,后的宾从,Would rather,后的从句用一般过去表示与现在以及将来的相反情况，用完成时表示与过去相反的情况。,I would rather you didnt smoke.,I d rather you hadnt let out the secret.,3,）表示“建议，命令，要求，坚决”等动词后的宾从,宾语从句的谓语常用,should+V,原，这样的词有,insist,demand,desire,require,request,propose,suggest,advise,command,order,recommend.,等。,I suggest you(should)have enough sleep.,My parents advise I(should)not watch too much TV.,主从的虚拟语气,在以下三种结构的主语从句中，谓语动词用,should+V,原型，,should,可以省略，,1)Its important(necessary,appropriate,proper,essential,vital)that.,It is important that we(should)think before we dicide.,2,),Its unnatural(unthinkable,strange,surprising,a surprise)that.,3)Its suggested(requested,required,ordered,proposed,decided)that.,表语、同位语、状语从句,表语是用来说明,主语,的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、,形容词,、,副词,、,介词短语,、不定式、动词的,-ing,、,从句,来充当，它常位于,系动词,（,be,become,appear,seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell,等词）之后。如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的，那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做,表语从句,。,1)as if,as though,引导的表语从句，用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去相反。,状语从句同理,The material feels as if it were cotton.,He speaks English as he had learned it I English-speaking countries.,2),主语是表示“建议、要求、命令、主张”的名词，表语从句谓语常用,(should)+V,原型,同位语同理,Our decision is that the meeting(should)be put off.,He made a suggestion that they(should)hold an English speech contest.,其他用法,1,、,表示祝愿,Long live peace!,May God bless you!,2,、,It is(high)that,从句通常用一般过去时，有时可用,should+V,原,Its time we started off.,Its high time we had a rest.,3,、,if only,要是,就好了，用法与,wish,后相同,If only I were younger.,