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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,语法复习,动词时态,形容词比较级,名词单复数,there be 结构,can使用方法,序数词,特殊疑问句,冠词,代词,介词,第1页,动词时态,普通现在时,普通过去时,普通未来时,现在进行时,第2页,普通现在时:,表示经常性或习惯性动作，或表示主语性格、能力、特征等，常与,often,usually,sometimes，always,every day,on Sundays,等时间状语连用。,普通现在时常以动词原形表示，,但当主语是第三人称单数时（,he she it）,，应用,动词单数第三人称形式,。,助动词：do /does,1）当主语是第一人称I，第二人称you，人称复数（we/you/they），名词复数时,用do,2）当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it）,人名，名词单数时,用does,第3页,普通现在时改变,1.be动词改变。,否定句：主语+be+not+其它。,如：He is not a worker.他不是工人,普通疑问句：Be+主语+其它。,如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.,特殊疑问句：疑问词+普通疑问句。如：Where is my bike?,2.行为动词改变。,否定句：主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形(+其它)。,如：I dont like bread.,当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt组成否定句。,如：He doesnt often play.,普通疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。,如：-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.,当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does组成普通疑问句。,如：-Does she go to work by bike?,-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.,特殊疑问句：疑问词+普通疑问句。,如：How does your father go to work?,第4页,例：1.I often go to school at 6:00.,Do,you go to school at half past six?,Yes,I do.No,I dont.,2.He usually does his homework in the evening.,Does,he usually do his homework in the evening?,Yes,he does.No,he doesnt,3.Mary flies kites on Sundays.,Does,Mary fly kites on Sundays?,Yes,she does.No,she doesnt.,第5页,动词第三人称单数改变,1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为s，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 z。如：,;makemakes s readreads z;,2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后再加“es”读iz 如：,flyflies z；studystudies z;,3、以“s,x,sh,ch”结尾，在词尾加“es”，发音为iz,如：teachteaches iz;watchwatches iz 4、以“o”结尾动词，加“es”，读z,如：gogoes z dodoes z,第6页,普通现在时使用方法专练,一、用括号内动词适当形式填空。,1.He often,(have)dinner at home.,2.Daniel and Tommy,(be)in Class One.,3.We,(not watch)TV on Monday.,4.Amy,(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.,5.What,they often,(do)on Saturdays?,6.She,(go)to school from Monday to Friday.,7.The child often,(watch)TV in the evening.,二、按照要求改写句子,1.She likes milk.(改为普通疑问句，作必定回答),2.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句),3.Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句),第7页,普通过去时,：,表示过去动作或状态，常有明确时间状语。,如：last weekend,yesterday.,助动词为did.Did后面加动词原形,动词过去式(规则),动词过去式(不规则),+ed,以e结尾+d,变y为i+ed,go-went read-read,eat-ate sing-sang,take-took buy-bought,see-saw swim-swam,am,is-was do-did,are-were have-had,get-got leave-left,fly-flew,stop-stopped（双写）,watch-watched,wash-washed,clean-cleaned,play-played,visit-visited,climb-climbed,learn-learned,row-rowed,dance,-,danced,study,-,studied,第8页,必定回答,否定回答,Did you?,Yes,I did.,No,I did not.,Did you.?,Yes,we did.,No,we did not.,Did he?,Yes,he did.,No,he did not.,Did she?,Yes,she did.,No,she did not.,Did it?,Yes,it did.,No,it did not.,Did they?,Yes,they did.,No,they did not.,第9页,普通过去时练习题,1.I went to a park yesterday.(改为普通疑问句）,_you_to a park yesterday?,2.They took many pictures last Sunday.(变为否定句）,They_ _many pictures last Sunday.,3.I played football.(改为现在进行时）,Im_football.,4.Did she go to Hong Kong by plane?(变为陈说句）,She_ _Hong Kong by plane.,第10页,小学阶段不规则动词全表,InfinitivePast tenseInfinitivePast tense,1.am,is,was,2.keep,kept,3.are,were,4.become,became,5.make,made,7.blow,blew,8.read,read,9.buy,bought,10.ride,rode,11.catch,caught,12.run,ran,e,came,14.say,said,15.see,saw,16.sing,sang,17.sit,sat,6.begin,began,第11页,18.do,did,19.sleep,slept,20.draw,drew,21.speak,spoke,22.drink,drank,23.sweep,swept,24.eat,ate,25.take,took,26.fall,fell,27.teach,taught,28.feed,fed,29.tell,told,30.feel,felt,31.think,thought,32.fly,flew,33.throw,threw,34.forget,forgot,35.get,got,36.give,gave,37.wake,woke,38.go,went,39.wear,wore,40.grow,grew,41.win,won,42.have/has,had,43.write,wrote,第12页,普通未来时,：,表示将要发生动作或未来情况、状态，常与表示未来时间状语连用，如,this afternoon,tomorrow,tonight,next week,in 3 days,等。,组成：,be going to+动词原形,单数,复数,第一人称,I,am,going to,We,are,going to,第二人称,You,are,going to,You,are,going to,第三人称,He,is,going to,They,are,going to,She,is,going to,It,is,going to,普通未来时还能够由助动词,will+动词原形,组成。,第13页,1.Im going to take a trip.(改为普通疑问句）,_?,2.He is going to climb mountains.(变为否定句）,_.,3.Amy is going to eat good food tommorrow.(改为普通过去时）,Amy_ _ _ yesterday.,4.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?,I _ _ _ play basketball.5.你们打算什么时候见面。When _ you _ _ meet?,第14页,现在进行时,：,表示说话人说话时正在进行动作。,（与now连用）,组成：助动词be人称形式+现在分词,（am is are）（动词+ing）,单数,复数,第一人称,I,am,walking.,We,are,walking.,第二人称,You,are,walking.,You,are,walking.,第三人称,He,is,walking.,They,are,walking.,She,is,walking.,It,is,walking.,第15页,+ing,cook-cooking do-doing,draw-drawing read-reading,answer-answering listen-listening wash-washing clean-cleaning,fly-flying walk-walking,jump-jumping sleep-sleeping,climb-climbing fight-fighting,swing-swinging drink-drinking catch-catching pick-picking,watch-watching play-playing,count-counting collect-collecting,去e+ing,write-writing take-taking have-having dance-dancing come-coming,双写单词最终一个辅音字母+ing,run-running swim-swimming,第16页,一、写出以下动词现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给动词正确形式填空：1.The boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice food now.4.What _ you _(do)now?5.Look.They _(have)an English lesson.6.They _(not,water)the flowers now.,第17页,7.Look!the girls _(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen)to music.9.Its5oclock now.We _(have)supper now.10._Helen_(wash)clothes?Yes,she is.三、句型转换：1.They are doing housework.(分别改成普通疑问句和否定句)_,2The students are cleaning the classroom.(改普通疑问句并作必定和否定回答)_,3Im playing the football in the playground.(对划线部分进行提问)_,4Tom is reading books in his study.(对划线部分进行提问),第18页,be动词使用方法,am:当主语是第一人称I时，用am,is:当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it）,人名，名词单数时，用is,are:当主语是第二人称you，人称复数（we/you/they），名词复数时,用are,用括号内适当形式填空,1.I_writing a letter.(be),2.we_cleaning our classroom.(be),3._you drawing pictures?(be),4.My father and mother _taking pictures.(be),5.Tom _listening to music.(be),6.It _raining now.(be),第19页,现在进行时练习,Im having an English class now.,(改为普通疑问句）,_?,(改为否定句）,_.,(改为普通过去时）,I_ _ _ _yesterday.,第20页,形容词比较级：,用于二者之间比较，表示程度上“更高”，惯用隶属连词,than,连接,。,结构,：,“A+be(am/is/are)+形容词er+than+B”,A比B.,+er,tall-taller short-shorter strong-stronger,old-older young-younger long-longer,+r,fine-finer nice-nicer large-larger late-later,去y+ier,heavy-heavier,happy-happier,funny-funnier,双写形容词最终一个辅音字母+er,thin-thinner big-bigger,fat-fatter hot-hotter,第21页,名词单复数,1.名词前需要加,an,单词：apple、elephant、eagle、ant、actor、actress、artist、engineer、egg、orange、eggplant 等,2.不可数名词：不能用数字一个个数出来词，没有复数形式，但能够用容器来表示量，如a cup of tea.还可用much,a little,little,some修饰表示多少，如There is only a little water.,3.名词全部格：由名词加s组成，以s结尾加。,意为“”，如the girls sister女孩姐姐,第22页,单数变复数改变规律,单数名词词尾直接加-s,。,如：boy boys,pen pens。,以s、x、ch、sh结尾单词普通加-es,。,如：glass glasses,box boxes,watch watches,以“辅音字母+y”结尾变“y”为“i”再加“-es”,。,如：baby babies,lady ladies,fly flies。,以“o”结尾多数加-es,。,如：tomato tomatoes,potato potatoes,hero heroes。,以“f”或“fe”结尾名词复数形式变“f”或“fe”为“v”，之后再加-es。,如：life lives,leaf leaves等。,不规则名词复数：,man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,child-children,foot-feet tooth-teeth,fish-fish,sheep-sheep,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese,mouse-mice,第23页,名词复数不规则改变：,1）,单复同形,如：,deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese,li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin,但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:two dollars;two meters,2）,集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数,。,如：people police cattle 等本身就是复数，,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。,如：The Chinese are brave.,中国人民是勇敢。,第24页,3）,以s结尾，仍为单数名词,，如,a.maths，politics，physics等学科名词，是单数。,b.news 是不可数名词。,c.the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。,d.,以复数形式出现书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。,The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book.,是一本非常有趣故事书。,4),表示由两部分组成东西，如：glasses(眼镜)clothes,若表示详细数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双);suit(套);,a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers,5）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示尤其意思,如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼,第25页,写出以下各词复数 I _him _this _,her _watch _child _,photo _diary _day_,foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_,strawberry _thief _yo-yo _,peach_sandwich _man_,woman_paper_juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_,第26页,There be 句型使用方法,1.定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2.结构：(1)There is+单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语.(2)There are+复数名词+地点状语.,就近标准：,be 动词依据最靠近be 动词那个名词决定。,eg.There is a bird in the tree.树上有一只鸟。,There are two boys and a girl under the tree.树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。,#,there be句型与have(has)区分：,there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；,have(has)表示某人拥有某物,。,第27页,否定句,There be句型否定式，,在be后加上not或no即可,。,There are some pictures on the wall.There arent,any,pictures on the wall.,=There are no pictures on the wall.,普通疑问句,把,be动词调整到句首,，再在句尾加上问号即可，但同时要注意：,当必定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定改变也一样）。,There are some fish in the water.Are there any fish in the water?,some 和any 在there be 句型中利用：some 用于必定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句,第28页,There be句型特殊疑问句形式有以下三种改变：,对主语提问,：,当主语是人时，用Whos+介词短语?；当主语是物时，用Whats+介词短语?。,注意：不论原句主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时,普通都用be单数形式,(回答时却要依据实际情况来决定)。如：There are many things over there.Whats over there?There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room?,对地点状语提问,：提问地点用,“Where is/are+主语?,如：,There is a computer on the desk.Where is the computer?,There are four children on the playground.Where are the four children?,对数量提问,：普通有两种句型结构：,How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语,？,How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语,？,第29页,情态动词can使用方法,一、基本使用方法,1.,表示能力（如体力和脑力方面），意为“能；会”等。,比如：,Can you speak English?你会讲英语吗？,Can you play the piano?你会弹钢琴吗？,2.,表示请求或允许，,多用在口语中，意为“,能够；能,”等。用于疑问句中用来提出要求，用于否定句表示不允许。比如：,Can I help you?我能帮助你吗？You cant play basketball.你不能玩篮球。,Can you.？“请你好吗？”表示说话人请求；Can I.？“我能够吗？”用来征求对方是否允许自己做某事。如在句末加上 please一词就显得更有礼貌了。比如：,Can you help me,please?请你帮助我好吗？,3.,表示可能,。比如：,He can be at home now.他现在可能在家,。,第30页,二、can句式改变以下：,在变否定句时，直接在我后加上“not”,可缩写成cant或cannot,但不能写成cannt。,比如：,He can swim.He cant swim.,2.,在变普通疑问句时，把can直接移到主语前,（原主语首字母改成小写，第一人称应变为第二人称）即可。比如：,I can see an orange on the table.,Can you see an orange on the table?,其回答可用Yes,OK或Certainly等作必定回答；用No或Sorry等作否定回答。,比如：,Can you look after my books,please?你能照看一下我书吗？,OK.能够。,用Certainly回答。此时语气更为必定。比如：,Can I see your pen?我能看看你钢笔吗？,Certainly.当然能够。,第31页,基数词变序数词,英语中基数词变为序数词时，普通在基数词后加词尾-th，但有几个词改变特殊，要记住下面这个口诀,一、二、三，单独记；八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，整十基数变序数，先把ty变成tie；要是碰到两位数，十位基数个位序，th最终加上去。,解析口诀：one,first,，two,second,，three,third,这三个词改变特殊，要单独记；eight,eighth,，nine,ninth,，八去t，九去e后再加-th；five,fifth,，twelve,twelfth,，五、十二把ve换成f再加-th；twenty,twentieth,，thirty,thirtieth.,整十先把词尾y改为ie再加-th。两位数时则十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词，如：,twenty-first,。,第32页,情态动词must使用方法,must 和其它情态动词一样，没有些人称和数改变，后接动词原形，表示某种语气和情态。a.,在必定句中，must 表示“必须；应该”意思，后者普通指在第一人称中。,如：I must（我应该），we must（我们应该），其它人称普通表示“必须”意思。b.,变成否定句，要在 must 之后加 not，经常缩写成 mustnt，均表示“禁止；不能够；不许可；不允许”,等意思。如：Children mustnt play on the road.Its very dangerous.孩子们不允许在路上玩耍，这么非常危险。,第33页,c.,变成普通疑问句要将 must 提到句子开头,（并将第一个字母大写），此时它表示“必须”意思，注意它简略答语用：,Yes，主语+must.或 No，主语+neednt,.neednt 表示“无须”，即没有这个必要。,如：Must I go home now？我现在必须回家吗？Yes，you must.是，你必须回家。,（No，you neednt.不，你无须。）,d.,must 还能够表示必定、较为有把握推测，意为“一定；必定”等。,如：The door is open.He must be at home.门开着，他一定在家。,第34页,特殊疑问句：,以特殊疑问词（,what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how,等）开头引导句子。这类句子应该,问什么就答什么,，,不能,用“,yes、no,”往返答。如：,What is this?,Its a computer.,What does he do?,Hes a doctor.,Where are you going?,Im going to Beijing.,Who played football with you yesterday afternoon?,Mike.,第35页,特殊疑问词,what,什么,where,哪里,who,谁,whose,谁,when,什么时候,how,怎样,which,哪一个,what colour,什么颜色,what day,星期几,what date,日期,what class,什么班,why,为何,what time,什么时候,how many,多少,what subject,什么科目,how much,多少钱,how often,多经常,how long,多长时间,how old,多大,how tall,多高,how heavy,多重,第36页,特殊疑问词。,问什么What 问哪里Where 问怎么样How问谁Who,问什么时候When问为何Why,问什么颜色What colour 问哪一个Which问谁Whose,问星期几What day 问什么国家What country,问什么日期What date 问多久How long,问什么语言What language,问什么科目What subject 问什么形状What shape,问多少How many 问什么城市What city,问多少钱How much问多少岁How old,问什么时候What time 问多经常How often,问多高How tall 问多重How heavy,问什么季节What season问什么动物What animal(s),第37页,其中,how,又能够和其它一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如：,how many,（多少(数量)）,how much,（多少(钱)）,how tall,（多高）,how long,（多长）,how big,（多大）,how heavy,（多重）,例句：,How many pencils do you have?,I have three pencils.,How many girls can you see?,I can see four girls.,How many desks are there in your classroom?,There are 51.,第38页,heavy tall long much many big far often,(1)How,is the Yellow River?,(2)How,is Mr Green?Hes,175cm.,(3)How,are your feet?I wear,size 18.,(4)How,is the white T-shirt?Its,100 yuan.,(5)How,apples are there in the bag?There are,5,.,(6)How,is the fish?Its,2kg.,第39页,冠词,分类：,不定冠词a/an,用在单数名词前，“一个”,定冠词the,用在单数或复数名词前,1.,不定冠词,使用方法,1）在辅音音素开头词前用a;在元音音素开头词前用an。如：a bus,an eye,2)泛指某类中某一个，但又没详细说明是哪一个。I met an old man in the school.,2.,定冠词,使用方法,1）用于特定人或物前。Whos the boy in the pictures.,2）用于曾提到人或事前。,3）用于世界上独一无二事物前。The earth 地球,第40页,4）用在形容词，表示一类人。,the rich 富人 the young年轻人,5)用在序数词前。The bus was the first to arrive.,6)用在乐器前，表示演奏。Play the piano,7)用在形式复数名词前，表示一家人。,The Browns are very friendly.布朗一家人,3.不用冠词情况,1）节假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前通常不用冠词。,I was born in July,1988.,2)球类、三餐、茶点等名词前不用冠词。,play football,第41页,代词,分类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词。,英语中出现几个人称代词，假如是单数则按照二三一（you,he/she,I);假如是复数则按照一二三（we,you,they)。,第42页,人称代词 物主代词,主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 我I me my mine 你 you you your yours 他 he him his his 她she her her hers 它 it it its its,我们we us our ours,你们you you your yours,他们they them their theirs,第43页,反身代词,第一人称myself ourselves,我自己 我们自己,第二人称yourself yourselves,第三人称himself,herself themselves,itself,第44页,指示代词,单数 this 这个 that 那个,复数 these 这些 those 那些,不定代词,some 一些，用于必定句中。,any一些，用于否定句和疑问句中。,Many 许多，后接可数名词,much许多，后接不可数名词,A few 少许，少数，后接可数名词,Few 几乎没有，后接可数名词,A little 一点，后接不可数名词,All 三者或三者以上都both 二者都,第45页,介词,时间介词at，on，in使用方法,1at用在详细时刻和中午前面。,如：at 6:00,at seven thirty,at noon,2on用在详细星期、日期前面。,如：on Monday,on September 1st,3in 用在年、月、季节或早上、下午、晚上前面。,如：in,in May,in spring,in the morning,4.before表示时间“在之前”。,after表示时间“在之后”。,第46页,方位介词,at 表示在面积较小地方旁边,in 表示“在里面”。,on表示两个物体表面相互接触。,behind 在后面,over在上面，高于，不与物体表面接触,under在.正下方,between在二者之间,第47页,
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