土木工程专业英语省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,土木工程专业英语,English for Civil Engineering,Teacher,：张文刚,Tel,：,15288931932,E-mail,：,455458905,1/39,目录,Introduction,1,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,Unit 2 Structural Engineering:Tall Building,Unit 5 Road Engineering,3,4,5,Unit 4 Bridge Engineering,Unit 9 Construction Materials,6,Unit 10 Surveying,7,Unit 11 Construction Engineering,8,2/39,Introduction,1,、,Why,？,2,、,How,？,（,1,）,Further Study,（,2,）,Work,（,3,）,International Markets,NO WAYS BUT READING MORE,3/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,1,、,Words and Expressions,（,1,）,Shelter,elt n,居所，呵护所,（,2,）,Irrigation,ren n,浇灌，冲洗,（,3,）,Pyramid,prmd n,金字塔,（,4,）,Thin shell structure,薄壳结构,（,5,）,Geotechnical,diotknkl,adj,土工技术,（,6,）,Municipal,mjnsp()l adj,市政,（,7,）,Coastal,kstl adj,沿海，海岸,（,8,）,Biological,ba()ldk()l adj,生物,（,9,）,Thermal,m()l adj,热，热量,（,10,）,Purification,pjrfken n,净化、提纯,（,11,）,Remediation,r,mide()n n,补救，矫正,4/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,每节英语,Stay hungry.Stay foolish.,求知若渴；大智若愚。,5/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,1,、,Words and Expressions,（,12,）,geology,dld n,地质学，地质情况,（,13,）,hydraulic,hadrlk adj,水利,（,14,）,retaining wall,挡土墙,（,15,）,spawn,spn v,造成，酿成,（,16,）,geoenvironmental engineering,环境岩土工程,（,17,）,flyover,flav n,天桥，立交桥,（,18,）,off-shore structure,近海结构,（,19,）,conducive,kndjusv adj,有益，有利于,.,（,20,）,vibrant,vabrnt adj,有活力，振动,（,21,）,canal,knl n,运河，浇灌水渠,（,22,）,mass transit,公共交通，大众运输,6/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,1,、,Words and Expressions,（,23,）,queueing theory,排队论，大系统服务理论,（,24,）,pavement,pevm()nt n,路面,（,25,）,infrastructure,nfrstrkt n,基础设施，,（,26,）,sidewalk,sadwk n,人行道,（,27,）,sewer,su;sju n,下水道,（,28,）,conduit,kndjt;kndt n,沟渠，导水管,（,29,）,access chamber,通道井,（,30,）,meteorology,mitrld n,气象学,（,31,）,conservation,knsve()n n,保留，保持,（,32,）,aquifer,kwf n,蓄水层,（,33,）,conveyance,knvens n,运输,7/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,（,33,）,culverts,涵洞,（,34,）,levee,lev;lvi n,堤坝,（,35,）,statics,sttks n,静力学,（,36,）,dynamics,danmks n,动力学,（,37,）,jurisdiction,drsdk()n n,管辖区,（,38,）,erosion,r()n,侵蚀，腐蚀,（,39,）,level,lev()l n,水准仪,（,40,）,theodolite,dlat n,经纬仪,（,41,）,angular deviation,角度偏差,（,42,）,computerisation,km,pju:traizein,n,电子计算机化,（,43,）,total station,全站仪,（,44,）,GPS,8/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,1,、,Words and Expressions,（,45,）,laser scanning,激光扫描,（,46,）,license,lasns n,执照，许可证,（,47,）,lay out,安排，展示,（,48,）,tramway,trmwe n,电车，电车轨道,（,49,）,logistical,ldstkl adj,后勤,（,50,）,shaky,ek adj,摇摆,9/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Due to the nature of some loading conditions,sub-disciplines within structural engineering have emerged,including wind engineering and earthquake engineering.,因为荷载一些性质，结构工程学科出现了子学科，包含风工程（风力工程）和地震工程。,10/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,The loads can be self weight of the structures,other dead load,live loads,moving(wheel)load,wind load,earthquake load,load from temperature change,etc.,荷载能够是结构自重，其它恒载，动荷载，轮载，风荷载，地震荷载，温度荷载等。,11/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,The structural engineer must design structures to be safe for their users and to successfully fulfill the function they are design for(to be serviceable).,结构工程师必须为他们用户设计安全结构，并成功地实现他们设计初衷。,12/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Figure 1-1 shows the Petronas Towers in Malaysia which were the tallest buildings in the world from 1998 to.,图,1-1,为马来西亚双子星塔，是世界上最高建筑,(1998,到,),。,13/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Transportation engineering is concerned with moving people and goods efficiently,safely,and in a manner conducive to a vibrant community.,交通运输工程与人类出行和货物转运高效率、安全相关，并有利于一个充满活力社会。,14/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,This involves specifying,designing,constructing,and maintaining transportation infrastructure which includes streets,canals,highways,rail systems,airports,ports,and mass transit.,这包括到规划（详细、明确、指定性），设计，建设，维护交通基础设施，包含道路，公路，运河，铁路，机场，港口，和公共交通。,15/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,It includes areas such as transportation design,transportation planning,traffic engineering,some aspects of urban engineering,queueing theory,pavement engineering,intelligent transportation system,and infrastructure management.,它包含诸如交通设计，交通规划，交通工程，城市建设工程一些方面，大交通系统服务理论，路面工程，智能交通系统，和基础设施管理。,16/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Figure 1-2shows Sutong Bridge in China,which was the cable-stayed bridge with the longest main span in the world as of.,图,1-2,中国苏通大桥，这是世界上斜拉桥主跨度,（,1088m,，最大斜拉桥主跨是俄罗斯跨东博斯鲁斯海峡俄罗斯岛大桥，其主跨,1104,米）,最长大桥。,17/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,每节英语,Dont cry because it is over.Smile because it happened.,不要因为结束而哭泣。微笑吧，因为你曾拥有。,18/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Geotechnical engineering is an area of civil engineering concerned with the rock and soil that civil engineering systems are supported by.,岩土工程是土木工程中与岩土相关支撑土木工程系统学科领域,19/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Knowledge from the fields of geology,material science and testing,mechanics,and hydraulics are applied by geotechnical engineers to safely and economically design foundations,retaining walls,and similar structures.,地质学、材料科学和测试，力学，水力学等方面知识被应用于岩土工程中来设计安全、经济基础、挡土墙、和类似结构。,20/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Figure 1-3 shows the deep excavation of Pingan International Finance Centre(IFC)in Shenzhen,China.,图,1-3,所表示中国深圳平安国际金融中心（,IFC,）深基坑。,21/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,With computerization,electronic distance measurement(EDM),total stations,GPS surveying and laster scanning have supplemented(and to a large extent supplanted)the traditional optical instruments.,伴伴随计算机程序化，电子测距（,EDM,），全站仪，,GPS,测量和激光扫描补充（并在很大程度上）取代了传统光学仪器。,22/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,So the behaviour of the structure depends on the behaviour of the basic elements,i.e,.on the various characteristics and properties of the construction materials.,所以结构物特征取决于基本要素特征，即建筑材料中各种特征和性质。,23/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Such properties may be classified into various categories as follows:physical properties,mechanical properties,chemical properties,electrical properties,magnetic properties,optical properties and thermal properties.,这种特征可分为不一样类别：物理性能，力学性能，化学性能，电气性能，磁性能，光学性能和热力性能。,24/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,From constructional aspects,the physical and mechanical properties are predominant.Hence,it,is essential for,a civil engineer to have knowledge on the various physical and mechanical properties of construction materials.,从建筑方面（结构、结构上）来说，主要是物理和力学性能。所以，一名土木工程师拥有施工材料各种物理力学性能知识是必不可少。,25/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,每节英语,Who dares to all that may become a man,and dares no more,he is a man indeed.,（,Shakespeare,）,能屈能伸，方为大丈夫。,26/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Surveying is the process by which a surveyor measures certain dimensions that generally occur on the surface of the Earth.,测量是测量员对地球地貌进行确切尺寸测量（度量）过程。,27/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Surveying equipment,such as levels and theodolites,are used for accurate measurement of angular deviation,horizontal,vertical and slope distances.,如水准仪和经纬仪等测量设备，用于准确测量角度偏差、水平（位置）、垂直（距离）和斜距。,28/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,With computerization,electronic distance measurement(EDM),total stations,GPS surveying and laster scanning have supplemented(and to a large extent supplanted)the traditional optical instruments.,伴伴随计算机程序化，电子测距（,EDM,），全站仪，,GPS,测量和激光扫描补充（并在很大程度上）取代了传统光学仪器。,29/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,This information,is crucial to,convert the data into a graphical representation of the Earths surface,in the form of a map.,此信息对数据转换成地图形式来表示地貌是至关主要。,30/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,This information is then used by civil engineers,，,contractors and even realtors to design from,，,built on,，,and trade,，,respectively.,然后，此信息分别被土木工程师，承建商和开发商利用来设计，建造，和交易。,31/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Elements of a building or structure must be correctly sized and positioned in relation to each other and to,site boundaries,and,adjacent structures,.,一个建筑或结构组成部分必须是尺寸适当、彼此之间位置设置合理，并与临近建筑物设置界限。,32/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Although surveying is a distinct profession with separate qualifications and licensing arrangements,，,civil engineers are trained in the basics of surveying and mapping.,即使测量学是一个拥有独立资格许可证专业，不过土木工程普通也会在测绘、地理信息系统方面进行一些基础训练。,33/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Surveyors may also lay out the routes of railways,tramway tracks,highways,roads,pipelines and streets as well as position other infrastructures,such as harbors,before construction.,测量员也给出了（展示）了铁路，电车，高速公路，公路、道路，管线和街道路径以及其它基础设施如施工前码头位置。,34/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,Construction engineering involves planning and execution of the designs from transportation,site development,hydraulic,environmental,structural and geotechnical engineers.,施工包括规划以及工程师对交通、建设场地位置设置、水利、环境、结构和岩土等设计执行。,35/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,2,、,Sentence Translation,As construction firms tend to have higher business risk than other types of civil engineering firms,many construction engineers tend to take on a role that is more business-like in nature:drafting and reviewing contracts,evaluating logistical operations,and closely-monitoring prices of necessary supplies.,作为施工企业，往往从事比其它类型土木工程企业风险更高业务，许多建筑工程师往往饰演一个本质上更具商业性质角色：起草和审核协议，评定运作逻辑（模式），和对必要物资价格亲密监控,36/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,每节英语,He who would search for pearl must dive deep.,不入虎穴，焉得虎子。,37/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,练习一,At 410m(plus its 35.9m masr),the building will be taller than the main tower at Canary Wharf(250m),at present the highest office building in Britain.It will also be taller than Europes current tallest building,the new Commerzbank headquarters in Frankfurt(307.5m),also designed by Foster and Partners.,38/39,Unit 1 Civil Engineering,练习二,书本,P15,第二段,练习三,Writing,：,Which sub-discipline do you like in civil engineering,（,300words,）,39/39,