常用政治经济术语大全.doc

马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想　　Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought,Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin "Three Represent's" important Thought.
新民主主义革命　new-democratic revolution　民族独立和人民解放　national independence and the liberation of the people　
经济体制改革和政治体制改革　reforms in the economic and political structure.
社会主义制度　socialist system　社会变革　social transformation.
建设有中国特色的社会主义事业　the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.
中华民族的伟大复兴　the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领　the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism.
中国共产党十一届三中全会　The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central mittee of the munist Party of China.
马克思主义政党　Marxist political Party.
党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体　the collective leadership of the Party Central mittee of the first (second\third)generation.
人民民主专政　the people's democratic dictatorshipl
国民经济体系　national economic system.
综合国力　aggregate national strength.
国内生产总值　the annual gross domestic product(GDP).
独立自主的和平外交政策　an independent foreign policy of peace.
马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合　the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China.
加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力　strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and bat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality.
“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
"Three Represent's" shows that our Party must always represent therequirements of the development of China's advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China's advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China, they are the foundation for building the Party, the cornerstone for its exercise of state power and a source of its strengthen，only by doing so can we really ensure that our Party always stand in the forefront of the time and maintain its advanced nature
党的理论、路线、纲领、方针、政策　Party's theory, line, program, principles and policies,
工人阶级的先锋队　the vanguard of the working class.
生产力、生产关系、经济基础、上层建筑　productive force, relation of production, economic base, superstructure constitute.
科学技术是第一生产力　science and technology are the primary productive force.
社会主义物质文明和精神文明　material and spiritual civilizations of socialism.
有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民　citizens with lofty ideals, moral integrity, better education and good sense of discipline.
自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法制意识和开拓创新意识　self-reliance, petition, efficiency, democracy, the legal system, and the pioneering and innovative spirit.
依法治国和以德治国　the rule of law and the rule of virtue.
科教兴国战略　the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education.
倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等腐朽思想　advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, bat and resist money worship, hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas.
先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐　be concern about the country and the people before anything else.
全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民　serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people.
解放思想、实事求是　emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts.
主观主义、形而上学　subjectivism, metaphysics.
主集中制、党内民主　democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy.

1. 把握大局 grasp the overall situation

2. 摆脱贫困 shake off poverty; lift oneself from poverty

3. 本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches

4. 闭关政策 closed-door policy

5. 薄利多销 small profits but quick returns; small profits and good sales

6. 不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency

7. 产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management

8. 超前消费 pre-mature consumption; overconsuming; excessive consumption;

9. 重复建设 building redundant project; duplication of similar projects

10. 粗放经营 extensive operation

11. 大专文凭 associate degree

12. 党风建设 construction of the Party conduct

13. 党群关系 Party-masses relationship

14. 海市蜃楼，镜花水月, 无稽之谈 a mare’s nest

15. 合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people

16. 统筹兼顾 make overall plans and take all factors into consideration; overall planning and all-round consideration

17. 效率优先,兼顾公平 give priority to efficiency with due consideration to fairness

18. 依法治国 manage state affairs according to law; run state affairs according to law

19. 以法治国，以德治国 to govern the country with law and moral

20. 以人为本 people oriented; people foremost

21. 以权谋私 abuse of power for personal gains

22. 有法可依,有法必依,执法必严,违法必究 There must be laws to go by, the laws must be observed and strictly enforced, and lawbreakers must be prosecuted.

23. 优势互补 (of two countries or panies) have plementary advantages

24. 与时俱进 advance with the times

25. 政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 “Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show

26. 知识经济 knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy

27. 职务发明 on-duty invention

28. 抓住机遇,深化改革,扩大开放,促进发展,保持稳定 seize the current opportunity, deepen the reform, open China wider to the outside world, promote development and maintain stability

29. 自主经营,自负盈亏 make one’s own management decisions and take full responsibility for one’s own profits and losses

30. 综合国力 prehensive national strength

31. 左右为难 between the devil and the deep blue sea; between the rock and the hard place

32. 坐视不管 sit idle

33. 阻碍司法 obstruction of justice

34. 专门人才 professional personnel; special talents

35. 支柱产业 pillar / cornerstone industry

36. 职能转换 transformation of functions

37. 智力引进 recruit / introduce (foreign) talents

38. 政治协商、民主监督、参政议政 exercise political consultation and democratic supervision and participate in deliberating and administration of state affairs

39. 政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management

40. 振兴中华 make China powerful and strong; revitalize the Chinese nation

41. 安居工程 housing project for low-ine urban residents

42. 信息化information-based; informationization

43. 知识经济knowledge economy

44. 智力密集型Concentration of brain power, knowledge-intensive ；

45. 外资企业(包括港、澳、台资) Overseas-funded enterprises

46. 下岗　laid-off workers 　

47. 分流Reposition of redundant personnel

48. 拳头产品petitive products or knock-out products; blockbuster; core product

49. 减员增效　Downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency

50. 三角债 　Chain debts

51. 素质教育Education for all-round development

52. 法治国家 A country under the rule of law

53. 法制国家A state with an adequate legal system

54. 赢得市场 Gain a larger share of the market; carve a niche in the market

55. 民族委员会 Ethnic affairs mission

56. 定向培训 Training for specific posts

57. 抓大放小To invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones; focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves

58. 使中国经济信息化 To base China's economy on information

59. 使中国经济走向世界 To make China's economy more petitive on the world market; to make China a more active economic player in the world

60. 使中国经济与国际接轨 To bring China's economy more in line with international practice

61. 实现小康目标 To achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relatively fortable life

62. 社会生活 Social activities

63. 裙带经济 Crony economy

64. 主体经济 Principal sector of the economy; the main stay of the economy

65. 实体经济 The real economy

66. 制约 Check and supervision

67. 盲流和倒流人员 Jobless migrants from rural areas to cities, influx from the countryside 　

68. “豆腐渣”工程 Jerry-built projects

69. 厂海 Go into business 　

70. 内耗 In-fighting

71. 大包干 a11-round responsibility system ； 1ump-sum appropriations operation

72. 练摊 To be a vendor (do business)

73. 隐形就业 Unregistered employment; veiled re-employment

74. 经济法制化 　To manage economic affairs according to 1aw ； to put economic operation on a legal basis

75. 社会治安情况 1aw-and-order situation

76. 政策银行 Policy bank 　

77. 民族国家 nation state

Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放
The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建设有中国特色的社会主义理论
The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论
One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点
Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心
Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则
Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放
Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，
wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability扩大开放，促进发展，保持稳定
Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利于发展社会主义生产力
Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增强综合国力
Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living standard是否有利于提高人民生活水平
Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体
mon development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展
Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革
Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系
Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展
Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步
Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位
Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力
Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制
A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施
Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策
Reform measures 改革措施
Speed up reform 加快改革
Reform of economic system 经济体制改革
Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革
Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理
Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革
Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革
Reform of modity circulation 商品流通体制改革
Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革
Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革
Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革
Reform of housing system 住房制度改革
Planning system 计划管理体制
Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能
Open door policy 开放政策
Open economy 开放经济
Open-door to the outside world 对外开放
Opening up 扩大开放
Open domestic market 开放国内市场
Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和
managerial experiences 管理经验
Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区
Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区
One country, two systems 一国两制
Special administrative region 特别行政区
Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制
to the household
Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距
Eliminate poverty 消除贫困
mon prosperity 共同富裕
ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济
Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济
Socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分
State-owned economy 国有经济
Non-state economy 非国有经济
Collective economy 集体经济
Individual economy 个体经济
Coexistence of various economic position 多种经济成分共存
Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展
National economic budget 国民经济预算
prehensive development of economy 经济综合发展
Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略
Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策理论
Macroeconomic decision 宏观经济决策
Microeconomic phenomenon 微观经济现象
Traditional planned economy 传统的计划经济
Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展
modity economy 商品经济
Market economy 市场经济
Free market economy 自由市场经济
Developed market economy 发达的市场经济
Developing market economy 发展中的市场经济
Emerging market economy 新兴市场经济
Mature market economy 成熟市场经济
Market economy country 市场经济国家
Extensive economy 粗放型经济
Intensive economy 集约型经济
Transform the extensive economic 粗放型经济转变为
mode into intensive one 集约型经济
Mixed economy 混合经济
Regional economy 地区经济
Internal-oriented economy 内向型经济
Closed economy 闭关自守经济
Economic growth point 经济增长点
Economic growth mode 经济增长方式
Economic growth rate 经济增长率
Economy measure 经济手段
Diversified economy 多种经济，多样化经济
Economic situation 经济形势
Economic cycle 经济周期
Economic fluctuation 经济波动
Economic miracle 经济奇迹
Economic take-off 经济起飞
Economic recovery 经济复苏
Economic potential 经济潜力
Economic sanction 经济制裁
Global economy 全球经济
Economic globalization 经济全球化
Integration of world economy 世界经济一体化
International economic integration 国际经济一体化
New international economic order 国际新经济秩序
Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化
Economic munity 经济共同体
MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控
Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控
Soft landing 软着路
Macro-economic situation 宏观经济形势
Macro control and micro invigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活
Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整
Tight control on investment in fixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制
Tight financial and monetary policy 从紧的金融货币政策
Moderately tight monetary policy 适度从紧的货币政策
Moderately tight credit policy 适度从紧的信贷政策
Loosening tight monetary policy 放松紧缩的货币政策
Adequate amount of the money supply 适度货币供应量
Excessive amount of currency issue 过度货币发行量
Maintain monetary stability 保持货币稳定
Cheap money policy 低息货币政策
Adjustment of interest rate 利率调整
Cut interest rate 降低利率
Control of interest rate 利率控制
Deflation policy 紧缩政策
Market intervention 市场干预
State intervention 国家干预
Administrative interference 行政干预
Administrative intervention 行政干预
Administrative measure 行政措施
Economy measure 经济手段
Risk-control mechanism 风险控制机制
Overheated economy 过热的经济
Consumer price index 消费品价格指数

modity price index 商品物价指数
Retail price index 零售物价指数
Average price index 平均物价指数
Cost-of-living index 生活费用指数
Control of inflation 通货膨胀控制
Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀
Double digit inflation 两位数字通货膨胀
Excessive inflation 过度的通货膨胀
Galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀
Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀
Hidden inflation 隐性通货膨胀
Structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀
Stagflation 经济停滞型的通货膨胀
Inflation factor 通货膨胀因素
Inflation of credit 信用膨胀
Inflation rate 通货膨胀率
Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力
Curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀
Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地产热
Development zone craze 开发区热
Overall demand and supply 总需求和总供给
Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡
Supply and demand relation 供求关系
Supply over demand 供过于求
Supply exceeds demand 供过于求
Economic crisis 经济危机
Economic depression 经济萧条
MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理
Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系
and operation of State assets
Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革
Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，
responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科学
management and adopting scientific management
Regulation on the supervision and management 国有企业监督管理条例
of the state-owned enterprises
Laws and regulations on the administration of 国有资产管理法律法规
state-owned property
Operate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，
for its profits and losses, seek self-development 自我约束
and self-relia