常用政治经济术语大全.doc

马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought,Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin Three Represents important Thought.新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure.社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation.建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism.中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central mittee of the munist Party of China.马克思主义政党Marxist political Party.党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central mittee of the first (secondthird)generation.人民民主专政the peoples democratic dictatorshipl国民经济体系national economic system.综合国力aggregate national strength.国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP).独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace.马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China.加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and bat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality. “三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。Three Represents shows that our Party must always represent therequirements of the development of Chinas advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of Chinas advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China, they are the foundation for building the Party, the cornerstone for its exercise of state power and a source of its strengthen，only by doing so can we really ensure that our Party always stand in the forefront of the time and maintain its advanced nature党的理论、路线、纲领、方针、政策Partys theory, line, program, principles and policies,工人阶级的先锋队the vanguard of the working class.生产力、生产关系、经济基础、上层建筑productive force, relation of production, economic base, superstructure constitute.科学技术是第一生产力science and technology are the primary productive force.社会主义物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilizations of socialism.有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民citizens with lofty ideals, moral integrity, better education and good sense of discipline.自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法制意识和开拓创新意识self-reliance, petition, efficiency, democracy, the legal system, and the pioneering and innovative spirit.依法治国和以德治国the rule of law and the rule of virtue.科教兴国战略the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education.倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等腐朽思想advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, bat and resist money worship, hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas.先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐be concern about the country and the people before anything else.全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people.解放思想、实事求是emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts.主观主义、形而上学subjectivism, metaphysics.主集中制、党内民主democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy.1. 把握大局 grasp the overall situation2. 摆脱贫困 shake off poverty; lift oneself from poverty3. 本命年 ones year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches4. 闭关政策 closed-door policy5. 薄利多销 small profits but quick returns; small profits and good sales6. 不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency7. 产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management 8. 超前消费 pre-mature consumption; overconsuming; excessive consumption; 9. 重复建设 building redundant project; duplication of similar projects10. 粗放经营 extensive operation11. 大专文凭 associate degree12. 党风建设 construction of the Party conduct13. 党群关系 Party-masses relationship14. 海市蜃楼，镜花水月, 无稽之谈 a mares nest15. 合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people16. 统筹兼顾 make overall plans and take all factors into consideration; overall planning and all-round consideration17. 效率优先,兼顾公平 give priority to efficiency with due consideration to fairness18. 依法治国 manage state affairs according to law; run state affairs according to law19. 以法治国，以德治国 to govern the country with law and moral20. 以人为本 people oriented; people foremost21. 以权谋私 abuse of power for personal gains22. 有法可依,有法必依,执法必严,违法必究 There must be laws to go by, the laws must be observed and strictly enforced, and lawbreakers must be prosecuted.23. 优势互补 (of two countries or panies) have plementary advantages24. 与时俱进 advance with the times25. 政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 “Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show26. 知识经济 knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy27. 职务发明 on-duty invention28. 抓住机遇,深化改革,扩大开放,促进发展,保持稳定 seize the current opportunity, deepen the reform, open China wider to the outside world, promote development and maintain stability29. 自主经营,自负盈亏 make ones own management decisions and take full responsibility for ones own profits and losses 30. 综合国力 prehensive national strength31. 左右为难 between the devil and the deep blue sea; between the rock and the hard place32. 坐视不管 sit idle33. 阻碍司法 obstruction of justice34. 专门人才 professional personnel; special talents35. 支柱产业 pillar / cornerstone industry36. 职能转换 transformation of functions37. 智力引进 recruit / introduce (foreign) talents38. 政治协商、民主监督、参政议政 exercise political consultation and democratic supervision and participate in deliberating and administration of state affairs39. 政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management40. 振兴中华 make China powerful and strong; revitalize the Chinese nation41. 安居工程 housing project for low-ine urban residents 42. 信息化information-based; informationization 43. 知识经济knowledge economy44. 智力密集型Concentration of brain power, knowledge-intensive ； 45. 外资企业(包括港、澳、台资) Overseas-funded enterprises 46. 下岗laid-off workers 47. 分流Reposition of redundant personnel 48. 拳头产品petitive products or knock-out products; blockbuster; core product 49. 减员增效Downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency 50. 三角债 Chain debts 51. 素质教育Education for all-round development 52. 法治国家 A country under the rule of law 53. 法制国家A state with an adequate legal system 54. 赢得市场 Gain a larger share of the market; carve a niche in the market 55. 民族委员会 Ethnic affairs mission 56. 定向培训 Training for specific posts 57. 抓大放小To invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones; focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves 58. 使中国经济信息化 To base Chinas economy on information 59. 使中国经济走向世界 To make Chinas economy more petitive on the world market; to make China a more active economic player in the world 60. 使中国经济与国际接轨 To bring Chinas economy more in line with international practice 61. 实现小康目标 To achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relatively fortable life 62. 社会生活 Social activities 63. 裙带经济 Crony economy 64. 主体经济 Principal sector of the economy; the main stay of the economy 65. 实体经济 The real economy 66. 制约 Check and supervision 67. 盲流和倒流人员 Jobless migrants from rural areas to cities, influx from the countryside 68. “豆腐渣”工程 Jerry-built projects 69. 厂海 Go into business 70. 内耗 In-fighting 71. 大包干 a11-round responsibility system ； 1ump-sum appropriations operation 72. 练摊 To be a vendor (do business) 73. 隐形就业 Unregistered employment; veiled re-employment 74. 经济法制化 To manage economic affairs according to 1aw ； to put economic operation on a legal basis 75. 社会治安情况 1aw-and-order situation 76. 政策银行 Policy bank 77. 民族国家 nation stateDeepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放 The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建设有中国特色的社会主义理论The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability扩大开放，促进发展，保持稳定Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利于发展社会主义生产力 Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增强综合国力 Whether it would be beneficial to raising peoples living standard是否有利于提高人民生活水平 Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体mon development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策Reform measures 改革措施Speed up reform 加快改革Reform of economic system 经济体制改革Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Reform of modity circulation 商品流通体制改革Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革Reform of housing system 住房制度改革Planning system 计划管理体制Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能Open door policy 开放政策Open economy 开放经济Open-door to the outside world 对外开放Opening up 扩大开放Open domestic market 开放国内市场Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和managerial experiences 管理经验Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区One country, two systems 一国两制Special administrative region 特别行政区Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制to the householdNarrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距Eliminate poverty 消除贫困mon prosperity 共同富裕ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济Socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分State-owned economy 国有经济Non-state economy 非国有经济Collective economy 集体经济Individual economy 个体经济Coexistence of various economic position 多种经济成分共存Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展 National economic budget 国民经济预算prehensive development of economy 经济综合发展 Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策理论Macroeconomic decision 宏观经济决策Microeconomic phenomenon 微观经济现象Traditional planned economy 传统的计划经济Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展modity economy 商品经济Market economy 市场经济Free market economy 自由市场经济Developed market economy 发达的市场经济Developing market economy 发展中的市场经济Emerging market economy 新兴市场经济Mature market economy 成熟市场经济Market economy country 市场经济国家Extensive economy 粗放型经济Intensive economy 集约型经济Transform the extensive economic 粗放型经济转变为mode into intensive one 集约型经济Mixed economy 混合经济Regional economy 地区经济Internal-oriented economy 内向型经济Closed economy 闭关自守经济Economic growth point 经济增长点Economic growth mode 经济增长方式Economic growth rate 经济增长率Economy measure 经济手段Diversified economy 多种经济，多样化经济Economic situation 经济形势Economic cycle 经济周期Economic fluctuation 经济波动Economic miracle 经济奇迹Economic take-off 经济起飞Economic recovery 经济复苏Economic potential 经济潜力Economic sanction 经济制裁Global economy 全球经济Economic globalization 经济全球化Integration of world economy 世界经济一体化International economic integration 国际经济一体化New international economic order 国际新经济秩序Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化Economic munity 经济共同体MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控Soft landing 软着路Macro-economic situation 宏观经济形势Macro control and micro invigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整Tight control on investment in fixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制Tight financial and monetary policy 从紧的金融货币政策Moderately tight monetary policy 适度从紧的货币政策Moderately tight credit policy 适度从紧的信贷政策Loosening tight monetary policy 放松紧缩的货币政策Adequate amount of the money supply 适度货币供应量Excessive amount of currency issue 过度货币发行量Maintain monetary stability 保持货币稳定Cheap money policy 低息货币政策Adjustment of interest rate 利率调整Cut interest rate 降低利率Control of interest rate 利率控制Deflation policy 紧缩政策Market intervention 市场干预State intervention 国家干预Administrative interference 行政干预Administrative intervention 行政干预Administrative measure 行政措施Economy measure 经济手段Risk-control mechanism 风险控制机制Overheated economy 过热的经济 Consumer price index 消费品价格指数modity price index 商品物价指数Retail price index 零售物价指数Average price index 平均物价指数Cost-of-living index 生活费用指数Control of inflation 通货膨胀控制Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀Double digit inflation 两位数字通货膨胀Excessive inflation 过度的通货膨胀Galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀Hidden inflation 隐性通货膨胀Structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀 Stagflation 经济停滞型的通货膨胀Inflation factor 通货膨胀因素Inflation of credit 信用膨胀Inflation rate 通货膨胀率Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力 Curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地产热Development zone craze 开发区热 Overall demand and supply 总需求和总供给Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡Supply and demand relation 供求关系Supply over demand 供过于求Supply exceeds demand 供过于求Economic crisis 经济危机Economic depression 经济萧条MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系and operation of State assets Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科学management and adopting scientific management Regulation on the supervision and management 国有企业监督管理条例of the state-owned enterprises Laws and regulations on the administration of 国有资产管理法律法规state-owned property Operate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，for its profits and losses, seek self-development 自我约束and self-relia