新版新目标英语八年级下册unit-5知识点总结.doc

新版新目标英语八年级下册unit 5知识点总结
八年级英语下册单元知识点总结
Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
一、重点短语
1. make sure 确信;确认
2. beat against... 拍打… …
3. fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着
4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
5. wake up 醒来
6. in a mess 一团糟
7. break.. . apart 使……分离
8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候
9. at the time of 当.......时候
10. go off (闹钟)发出响声
11. take a hot shower 洗热水澡
12. miss the bus 错过公交车
13. pick up 接电话
14. bring... together 使……靠拢
15. in the area 在这个地区
16. miss the event 错过这个事件
17. by the side of the road 在路边
18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线
19. walk by 走路经过
20. make one’s way to. 在某人去……的路上
21. hear the news 听到这个消息
22. important events in history 历史上的重大事件
23. for example 例如
24. be killed 被杀害
25., over 50 5 0多(岁）
26. a school pupil 一个小学生
27. on the radio 通过广播
28. in silence 沉默;无声
29. more recently 最近地;新近
30. the World Trade Center 世贸中心
31. take down 拆除;摧毁
32. have meaning to 对……有意义
33. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
34. at first 首先;最初
二. 重点短语句型详解.
1. What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm?
【解析1】过去进行时
⑴ .用法：①过去某个时间正在发生的动作 He was cooking at six last night.
②过去某段时间正在发生的动作
I was staying here from March to May last year.去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。
⑵ .与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night/ at that time= then/at this time yesterday /
或有when the teacher came in/ while he was reading的提示
⑶ 过去进行时的构成：was\were +现在分词
⑷ 过去进行时的四个基本句型
肯定句 He was cooking at six last night.
否定句 He was not cooking at six last night.
一般疑问句 Was he cooking at six last night?
两回答 Yes ,he was. No, he wasn’t.
特殊疑问句 What was he doing at six last night?
⑸ He watched TV last night. （过去时间last night, 用一般过去时）
He was watching TV at nine last night. (过去时间last night+点时间at nine, 用过去进行时)
巩固练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Now Jim’s sister __________________(read) newspapers.
2.He __________________(watch)TV at nine last night.
3.He __________________(watch)TV last night.
4. What __________________the twins __________________(do) then?
5. — ________Lily ______________(draw) a cat when the teacher came in ? — No, she _________
6. __________________you __________________(have) supper at that time?
7. Jack __________________(not read) a book at nine yesterday evening.
8. Now Jim __________________(play) basketball on the playground（操场）.
9. What ___________________ he _______________ (do) at nine o’clock last night.
10. They ___________________ (listen) to the music at that time.
11. When the teacher came in, the students ___________________ (read) the text.
12. We ___________________ (watch) TV when suddenly the telephone rang.
13. Her mother ____________(cook) while her father was watching TV.
2. I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily.
【解析】heavily adv 在很大程度上
heavy
adj. 沉重的
How heavy are you?
heavily
adv 沉重地
The army lost heavily
形容风大的时候常用strong/hard, 形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard
The sun is shining _____ . You'd better wear sunglasses while you are out.
A. brightly B. lightly C. heavily
Sometimes it rains _________in Guizhou in summer .
A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly
【注】heavy改y为i +ly 变为adv ,类似的adj还有：
hungry
饥饿的
hungrily
happy
快乐的
happily
angry
生气的
angrily
lucky
幸运的
luckily
3.I called at seven and you didn’t pick up.
【解析】pick up 接电话
pick up
接电话
Tom, I called you, but you didn’t pick up
捡起；拾起
I pick up a wallet on my way home
（开车）接某人
I will pick you up at the station
4. That’s strange.
【解析】strange adj. 奇怪的 →strangely adv奇怪地 →stranger n 陌生人
be strange to 对……感到陌生
strange
奇怪的
It’s strange that she came to the party.
陌生的
He stands in a stranger street.
5. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮， 让人感觉这是在午夜。
【解析1】with + n +adv ，在句中做伴随状语
with +n +adj. She can see stars in the dark sky with the window open
【解析2】feel like doing sth = would like/want to do sth想要做某事
I feel like _______ (catch) a clod today.
6. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.
【解析】report v 报道 → reporter n 记者
make a report 做报告 weather report 天气预报give a report 作报告 It’s reported that… 据报道
I want to be a ___________(report) when I grow up.
7. so ,when the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing?
【解析】so 的用法：
无实际意义，表示惊讶或领会，引出后面内容做语气词

So, you were the first one to enter the classroom.

so
so + adj./ adv “如此……”
The book is so interesting.
作副词

so + adj./adv +that 从句
He ran so fast that no one could catch up with him.

作连词

so + 从句 “所以“
I was ill yesterday, so I didn’t go to school.

so that +从句 “以便，为了……”
I fixed the TV so that we can watch it tonight

8.I see .I called again at eight and you didn’t answer then either.
【解析1】I see . 我知道了。 （表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解）
( ) —It’s bad for your eyes to read in the sun. — _____.
A. I’m OK B. I don’t know C. I’m sorry D. I see
【拓展】 see sb. do sth 看到某人做某事 see sb. doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
【解析2】either 也
【辨析】also /too/as well/ either
(1) also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。
(2) too 也， 用于肯定句句末 (3) either 也 ，通常放于否定句末
【练习】用either, also , too, as well 填空
③ Tom can sing this song . I can sing it, _____. ②Tom can sing this song, I can sing it _______.
③Tom can sing this song, I can _______sing it. ④Tom couldn’t sing this song, I couldn’t , _______.
9. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.
【解析1】.beat与win辨析

We beat them by the score of 2 to 1.
Which team won the football match?
【解析2】heavily 在很大程度上；大量地
【拓展】heavy adj. 重的（反） light → heavily adv 猛烈地
【注】形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard
①It rained ______ (heavy) ,so he didn’t go to work yesterday.
( ) ②Sometimes it rains ____ in Xi’an in summer.
A. heavy B. heavily C. strong D. strongly
10. Ben could not sleep at first. 起初，本睡不着。
【解析】 at first 首先；最初
【拓展】(1) at first = at the beginning 最初，开始
【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】
(2) first of all 首先，第一 【表明陈述事情的重要性】
( ) When you want to work for our country in the future, ____, we should have strong body and rich knowledge.
A. at first B. first of all C. for the first time D. after all
11. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.
【解析1】 fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着
【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析：
(1) sleep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态，
(2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态
(3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。
be asleep
强调睡着的状态
The baby is asleep
fall asleep
强调入睡的动作
My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly
( ) He found it was hard to get to sleep those days.
A. sleeping B. fall asleep C. be asleep
【解析2】 die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
【拓展】die down与die out的用法区别：
指火的熄灭时，用die down或die out皆可。
die down往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程；
die out则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及die down用的普遍。
e.g. This kind of bird has died out in the world.
12. When he woke up. the sun was rising.
【解析1】wake up (v+ adv) 醒来；睡醒
【解析2】rise 增加；提高；增强；上升，升起
rise
升起；上升
主语自身移向较高位置
Price rose gradually
raise
举起；提高
主语发出的动作作用于其他事物
Let’s raise our glasses to Tom.
13. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neigh hood together. 他们加入到邻居们中，一起打扫社区。
【解析】 join 加入；参加
【辨析】join/join in/take part in
(1) join=be a member of 参加 ,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。
join the army / party 入伍/ 党 join the club 加入俱乐部
◆ join in 后接活动名称
◆ join sb. 加入到某个人群之中
(2) take part in 参加 ，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。
14. What event happened at the school yesterday?昨天学校发生了什么事？
【解析】 happen 发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生）
(1) happen v “发生”没有被动语态 ，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性
a. sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上What happened to you?=What was wrong with him?
b. sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事
e.g. She happened ________(be) out when we called.
(2)take place 发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生The sports meeting took place in our school last week.
(3) It happened that…碰巧
15.Kate realized her bag was still at home. 凯特意识到她的包还在家。
【解析】realize v 意识到
⑴ realize + n she didn’t realize her mistake.
⑵ realize +从句 I didn’t realize that you were so unhappy.
16.My parents did not talk after that , and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.
【解析】 the rest of … “其余的，剩下的” ,做主语时，其谓语动词的数要与the rest of 修饰的名词一致。
e.g. The rest of meat goes bad.
The rest of workers are still working hard.
【解析】silence n 沉默 → silent 沉默；缄默；无声 in silence 沉默地、无声地 = silently keep silent 保持沉默
17. Robert and his friends were surprised to hear the news.
【解析1】be surprised to do sth 做某事很吃惊
【拓展】surprise v 使吃惊→surprising adj. 令人吃惊的
→surprised adj. 吃惊的 to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地
be surprised at 对……感到吃惊
①__________________(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam.
②We are ____________at the _____________news.(surprise)
( ) ③ ___his surprise, she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain.
A. At B. To C. In D. On
【解析2】hear的用法 hear意为“听见”，强调听的结果。
【结构】：hear sb. do sth听见某人做某事； hear sb. doing sth听见某人正在做某事
We can often hear some children play on the playground.
I heard my sister singing an English song in her room when I came back.
hear也有“听说”之意，这时后接that引导的宾语从句。
①hear about意为“听说”，相当于hear of，后面接词或短语。
I have heard about/of the story before.
②hear from意为“收到.......的来信；有.......的消息”，=get/receive a letter from.
I haven’t heard from my mother for months.
【解析】true adj. 真的 → truly adv. 真地 →truth 实情；事实 be truth n. 真相
honest = to tell (you) the truth老实说；说实话