M7U1Reading知识点.ppt

Unit 1,Living with technology,重点单词,1,play (plays/played/played/playing),vi.,玩耍，游玩,vt,.,播放；扮演，承担；嘲弄，玩弄；进行比赛,n.,游戏，剧本，比赛,同,/,近义词：,have fun/take on/make fun of/have a sports game with/game,温馨提示：,(1)play,用作及物动词，与名词连用，有不同的用法并表示不同的意义。表示,“,进行球类运动,”,时，用,play basketball/volleyball/football,，,etc.,，运动名称前不用冠词；表示,“,演奏西洋乐器,”,时，用,play the violin/the piano,，,etc.,，乐器名称前用定冠词，但如果演奏的是中国古典乐器，则乐器名称前不用冠词；表示,“,与,比赛,”,时，则用,play,sb,/a team,。,(2)play with.,则表示,(,动物或小孩子无意识的行为,)“,玩耍,”,；或是表示不严肃的态度,“,玩弄,”,。,必记搭配：,play a role/part in.,在,扮演角色,/,起作用,play fair,规规矩矩地比赛；光明正大地行动，办事公办,fair play,公正的态度，公平的比赛；光明正大的行动,play(,about)with,(,同,),在一起厮混；玩弄；戏弄，不大认真考虑,(,某一问题,),play with fire,玩火，做危险的事,2,wind(winds/wound/wound/winding),vt,.,缠绕，卷绕,The mans arm was wound with bandages.,vt,.,给,上发条,Its time to wind your watch.,vi.,迂回，蜿蜒,The road winds.,必记搭配：,wind down(,人在紧张、兴奋之后,),松弛下来,wind up,使紧张,3,casual,adj.,偶然的，碰巧的,a casual meeting,偶然的聚会,adj.,随便的，非正式的,The guests wore casual clothes.,客人们穿着便服。,adj.,不小心的，漫不经心的,She sounded almost casual.,她听起来几乎是漫不经心的。,4,oppose(opposes/opposed/opposed/opposing),vt,.&vi.,反对；使相对,He had opposed Jims entry right at the beginning.,从一开始他就反对吉姆参与。,温馨提示：,表示,“,反对,”,的表达,(1)oppose,sth,We totally oppose the use of gas to kill any animal.,我们完全反对使用毒气杀害任何动物。,(2)be opposed to,sth,They are opposed to the death penalty.,他们反对死刑。,在这个问题上，我们的观点截然不同。,(3)be against,sth,No one is against this proposal.,没有人反对这个提议。,(4)object to,sth,I really object to being charged for parking at the hospital.,我坚决反对医院收取停车费。,5,religious,adj.,宗教的,Thats a religious question.,那是个宗教问题。,adj.,谨慎的，认真的,She gave religious attention to the doctors orders.,她一丝不苟地遵照医生嘱咐。,6,sacrifice (sacrifices/sacrificed/sacrificed/sacrificing),vt,.,牺牲；奉献；把,作为祭品,n,牺牲,同,/,近义词：,devote/offer,温馨提示：,sacrificial adj.,牺牲的，献祭的,必记搭配：,make a sacrifice(to do,sth,),为做某事而做出牺牲,at the sacrifice of,以牺牲,为代价,sell,sth,at a sacrifice,亏本出售,sacrifice,sth,to,sb,(,把,),供奉,/,祭奠给某人,sacrifice.for.,为,而牺牲,sacrifice time/ones life to do,sth,牺牲时间,/,生命做某事,7,rid (rids/rid/rid/ridding),vt,.,解除，免除，使摆脱,同,/,近义词：,remove/free,温馨提示：,riddance n.,摆脱,必记搭配：,rid,sb/sth,of,sth/sb,摆脱，去掉,rid oneself of,sth,使自己摆脱某物,be rid of,免除，摆脱，去掉,be well rid of,有幸摆脱了,get rid of,除掉，卖掉，摆脱掉,【,运用提升,】,从,A,、,B,、,C,、,D,四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。,(,)1.No matter how low you consider yourself,there is always someone _you wishing they were that high.,(2010,安徽,),A,getting rid of B,getting along with,C,looking up to D,looking down upon,1,C,。,getting rid of,意为,“,摆脱；去除,”,；,getting along with,意为,“,与,相处；进展,”,；,looking up to,意为,“,尊敬；敬仰,”,；,looking down upon,意为,“,看不起；轻视,”,。句意为,“,你无论认为自己怎样低下，总希望有个高尚的人来尊敬你。,”,(,)2.This woman succeeds in her career _ the sacrifice of her family.,A,at,B,for,C,with,D,through,2.A,。,at the sacrifice of,以牺牲,为代价。,(,)3.That piece of music sounds quite familiar.Who _the piano upstairs?,(2011,重庆,),A,has played B,played,C,plays D,is playing,3.D,。由,sounds,一词的时态可知此处应该用现在进行时。,(,)4.The soldiers were put in prison because they _ to obey orders.,A,refused B,rejected,C,denied D,objected,4.A,。,reject,及物动词，表示因为不令人满意、有缺陷或无用而抛弃；它暗示无条件地拒绝。,refuse,通常暗示决心且常带有粗鲁，既是及物动词也是不及物动词，可以与不定式连用。,deny,表示否认；,object,表示反对。,(,)5.The old engineers eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was_,，,though slow.,(2011,湖北,),A,shaky B,heavy,C,casual D,steady,5.D,。从后面的,though slow,可知此处应该选,steady(,稳健的,),。,(,)6.Bored with all those tasks,，,he decided to take a week off _.,A,winding up B,to wind up,C,winding down D,to wind down,6.D,。此处考查,wind,的用法。,wind up,意为,“,给,上发条,”,；,wind down,意为,“,松弛下来,”,。其中此处用动词不定式表目的。,【,运用提升,】,.,从,A,、,B,、,C,、,D,四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。,(,)1.The time he has devoted in the past ten years _ the disabled is now considered_ of great value.,A,to help,；,being B,to helping,；,to be,C,to help,；,to be D,helping,；,being,1,B,。,devote time to doing,sth,奉献时间做某事；,be considered to be,被认为,。,(,)2.The University of Tokyo is the oldest university in Japan and has always been in the lead when it comes to _ new challenges.,A,facing to B,facing,C,facing with D,facing up to,2,B,。句意为,“,当面临新挑战时，日本老牌东京大学总是领先,”,。,face,用作及物动词，,“,面临，面对,”,；,face up to,“,勇敢面对,”,；,be faced with,“,面临,”,；,face to,“,朝，向,”,。,(,)3.It is said that dogs will keep you _ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.,A,safety B,company,C,house D,friend,3,B,。,keep,sb,company,陪伴某人。,(,)4.Rose is _ a translation of a French novel.,A,occupied in,B,engaged in,C,absorbed to,D,busy in,4,B,。四个词都有表示忙于某事的意思，用法和介词搭配上略有不同；,be occupied with,sth,/in doing,sth,；,be engaged in,sth,/doing,sth,；,be absorbed in,sth,/doing,sth,；,be busy with,sth,/be busy doing,sth,。,.,根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。,focus on,，,face up to,，,face to face,，,keep pace with,，,pay attention to,1.In this business we have to _ our foreign competitors.,2,Ever since then Ive been longing to meet him _.,3,Rest your eyes by letting them _ distant objects.,4,_ pronunciation when you learn a foreign language.,5,He seems unwilling to _ his responsibilities as a father.,keep pace with,face to face,focus on,Pay attention to,face up to,关键句型及惯用法,1,It all began in 1877,when Thomas Edison made the first recording of a human voice on his invention,the record player.(P3,，,L27,28),译：一切都始于,1877,年，当时托马斯,爱迪生进行了对人类声音的第一次录音。,it all began when.,是一个常用的句型，表示,“,这一切,(,某事件或某情形,),从,开始,”,。句中的,it,为泛指代词，指代前文提到的事件或情形；句中的,when,引出的从句与,in 1877,同为时间状语，可视为同位语从句。,例如：,There is a generation gap between my parents and,me.It,all began(in 2007)when I began my senior high school and sometimes began to go out without their permission.,我与我的父母间有代沟。一切都得从,2007,年开始，那年我考入高中，并开始在没有得到他们的允许的情况下外出。,【,趁热打铁,】,选择填空,(,)Last night we had such a problem in my,family.It,all began _ I went to an Internet Cafe after school.,A,when,B,since,C,while,D,because,【,答案,】,A,。,“,It all began when.,”,句型运用。在这一句型中，,it all began,后紧跟的是,when,引出的时间状语从句，且从句中常用动作动词。,2,Could you please give me some information about mobile phones,？,(P12),译：你能向我提供一些关于手机的信息吗？,在英语中,would/could,不一定总是表示过去时态，在问句中有时也用来表示委婉语气；,might,在陈述句中则表示不太肯定。,Excuse me,，,could you tell me the way to the bus station?,对不起，你能告诉我去汽车站怎么走吗？,Would you come and fill in the application form by yourself?,你能否自己过来填写一下申请表？,I am not sure,，,but he might be an American.,我不确定，但他也许是个美国人。,思考：,a.would,还能用于什么句型？,_,b,could,还有哪些用法？,_,c,Would/Could/Might you.?,问句应该怎样回答？,_,【,答案,】,a,would,表示想要，,I would like to do,sth,；,引用他人讲话从句部分表示,“,将会,”,的内容，,He said that he would be back in ten minutes,；,在含条件状语从句的虚拟语气句中，主句常用,would,，表示,“,可能,”“,就会,”,。,b,could,有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性；,例如：,You couldnt be more wrong.,你真是大错特错。,I couldnt be happier.,我简直是幸福极了。,在含条件状语从句的虚拟语气句中，主句常用,could,，表示,“,很有可能,”,。,c,Would/Could/Might you.?,问句的回答用以下方式,(,其肯定回答不能沿用,would/could/might,，因为用这种方式则表示态度不是很明确，或是内心本来是不愿意等意思。,),：,Would/Could/Might you please lend me your book?,Yes,，,I will./Yes,，,I can./Of course./I am sure.,Or,：,No,，,I am afraid not./But I,.,3,While these messages always seem important at that time,most people cannot really remember them the next day.(P15,，,L85,88),译：尽管这些信息当时显得很重要，但大部分人第二天就不记得它们了。,while,在此用作连词，引导让步状语从句，相当于,though/although,。,思考：,while,在英语中还有哪些常见的用法？,_,_,【,答案,】,用作名词，表示,“,一段时间,”,。,如：,Ill be back in a while.,我一会儿就回来。,用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示,“,当,时,”“,和,同时,”,，此时的主从句谓语动作同时发生，从句谓语通常是延续性动词。,如：,Mary watched TV while she ate her supper.,玛丽边吃晚饭边看电视。,另外，如主从句的主语一致，且从句谓语又含有,be,，则从句主语和,be,可省略。,while,后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。,如：,We are teachers while(we are)serving as students.,我们边当老师边当学生。,The boy fell asleep while(he was)doing his homework.,那个男孩子在做作业时睡着了。,用作连词，表示前后对比。,如：,Some people waste food while others havent enough.,有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。,用作连词，引导条件状语从句，意为,“,只要,”,，其意思和用法相当于,as long as,。,while,可位于句首，也可位于句中。,如：,You dont have to worry while we are here.,只要我们在，你就别着急。,用作连词，意为,“,同时,”“,也,”,。,如：,While the book is welcomed by scholars,，,it will make an immediate appeal to the general readers.,这本书受到学者的欢迎，同时也会引起一般读者的兴趣。,用作连词，意为,“,趁着,”,。,如：,Strike while the iron is hot.(,谚,),趁热打铁。,【,运用提升,】,.,中译英：,1,我们俩之间的误会得从上星期天的球赛说起，当时他认为我没有尽力而为。,_,【,答案,】,As for the misunderstanding between us,，,it all began on last Sunday when we had a match and he believed that I didnt go all out(for our team),2,你能帮我把这封信交给吉姆吗？,当然。但今天我没有空，明天好吗？,_,【,答案,】,Could/Would you help me give this letter to Jim?,Sure./Yes,，,I will./Yes,，,I,can.But,I am a little bit busy,today.Will,tomorrow be OK?,.,用,while/but/however,填空：,1,I told him to finish his homework first and then play computer games for an hour,，,_ he just didnt listen.,2,Why cant I do as well as Jim?Now I have found out the secret,：,I was absent,minded in classes _ he was deeply concentrated on what the teachers were talking about.,3,I had thought everything had been ready._,，,when I set out to handle the problem,，,I was told much more had had to be done first.,【,答案,】,1.but,。根据语境，前句表示我对他的要求，后句表示他并不听我的。这是转折关系。,2,while,。本句中对老师上课时，我和吉姆的表现进行了对比。,3,However,。前后有标点，表示意思的转折，,“,然而,”,。,阅读下面短文，在空格处填写一个恰当的单词使全文通顺连贯，语法正确。,The new pocket,sized Mark 204D solves all your language problems!1._ great all,round electronic dictionary gives you Chinese to English translation,，,as well as English 2._ Chinese,translation.Spell,check,，,pronunciation guide and a variety of words with similar and opposite meanings are all included.,This/The,to,Other features include hints for the TOEFL and IELTS exams,，,FM radio and games.,The portable Mark 204D is a perfect gift for students or business people!,It only weighs 96 grams and measures 104,72,15 mm.,3,_ you need quick and correct translations,，,the Stylus Pen,is the electronic dictionary for,you.Its,elegantly shaped,4._ a,pen.Run,it over a line of text and it does all the work for you!5._ has an inbuilt loudspeaker 6._ a clear LCD,screen.The,Stylus Pen,keeps the last 80 words scanned for easy review,，,and also lets you read 7._ hear the dictionary definitions of over 100,000 words.,If,like,It,and,or,The mini Stylus Pen,only weighs 20 grams.It comes in an elegant leather case,，,and has a clip so that you can wear it like a pen,，,for instant,access.It,uses 8._ AAA battery and has a one,year guarantee.,an,本单元我们复习的书面表达是写电子邮件，提出建议。,写作须知,1,电子邮件的格式要求：,(1),有称谓，但比较随意；,(2),首段点明写作目的；,(3),主体段内容明了，一则则的建议清晰明了，有时附有理由；,(4),尾段可点明写信目的，并给对方提出良好祝愿；,(5),有结束语，有落款；,(6),语言文体：有承接词，多用委婉句式。,2,基本要点：措词要委婉，不能太直白；语言要简洁明了，层次分明。,3,多用被动语态句式。,4,结尾,All the best!Best wishes!,等。,魔力模版,1,魔力句子,(1)Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on.,(2)Here are a few suggestions.,(3)First of all,it is a good idea to.,as.,(4)Then,youd better(not),.,because.,(5)Besides,have you ever considered.?,(6)Whats more,if you did.would be better.,(7)In addition,you could try.,since.,(8)Still more,it also help to.,for you see,，,.,(9)Moreover,it is important/useful/helpful to.,(10)Last but not least,it may be better if you could.,(11)Hoping everything will get all right soon.,(12)Waiting to see your problem solved.,参考词汇：超速,exceed the speed limit,；违章者,offender;,斑马线,pedestrian crossing,；闯红灯,go through the red light,注意：,1.,词数不少于,120,；,2.,可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。,Dear Sir,，,_,_Yours,，,Wang Tao,【,参考范文,】,Dear Sir,，,As a senior high school student,whenever I go to school,I can see some people breaking traffic,rules.For,example,some pedestrians often go through the red traffic light,and some people don,t cross the street at the pedestrian,crossing.What,s,worse,some cars exceed the speed limit on busy streets if there are no police working,there.I,hate these offenders but can,t do anything to stop them.,In my view,it is the duty of every citizen to obey the traffic rules for the sake of your and others safety.We mustnt neglect the fact that a large number of people are injured or killed in traffic accidents every year.,I suggest we have more policemen or assistants working at the crossroads and on the busy streets.Whoever breaks the rules should be fined and punished.Only in this way will everyone follow the rules and can we have a better traffic environment.,Yours,，,Wang Tao,Unit 1,Living with technology,.Directions,：,For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D,Choose the one that best completes the sentence.,(,)1.In the long run,，,our attention must _economic construction.,A,focus on B,focus,C,be focused D,be focused on,1,D,。,focus on,与,attention,之间为动宾关系，故用被动形式。,(,)2._about the economic crisis that he decided to look for more information about it.,A,So curious he was,B,So curious was he,C,Such curious he was,D,Such curious was he,2,B,。用,so,修饰形容词,curious,，且,so curious,放在句首，主句应用部分倒装，故选,B,项。,(,)3.The man is strong enough to lift a stone _ as much as four hundred kilograms.,A,weighed B,weighing,C,to weigh D,being weighed,3,B,。此处考查,weigh,表,“,称起来,”,，不表具体动作，而表主语性质时，用主动形式表被动意义的用法。此处还是非谓语，又是主动形式，所以选,B,。,(,)4.I have to say that after you presented your idea,，,I agree with you _.,A,with a degree,B,to a degree,C,by a degree,D,with the degree,4,B,。此处考查固定短语搭配。,to a/some/certain degree,意为,“,从某种程度上,”,。,(,)5.Do you know the 3G mobile phone will come into the market soon?,Really?It is said to be superior _ any other,mobile.I,cant wait to buy _.,A,to,；,one B,than,；,one,C,to,；,it D,than,；,it,5,A,。,be superior to,比,更好；用,one,代指前面提及的同一类事物。,(,)6.Many proposals were put forward _ the boss decided on the plan.,A,because B,before,C,whether D,unless,6,B,。此处考查,before,的用法。,“,一般过去时态,before,一般过去时态,”,常作,“,然后,”,。本句意为,“,许多的建议被提出，然后老板定下了这个计划,”,。,(,)7.Did Jim hand in his assignment on time?,Yes.It,was not yet eight oclock _ he finished it.,A,before B,when,C,that D,until,7,B,。本题考查句型,“,It is/was,时间点,when,引导的定语从句,”,。本句意为,“,还不到,8,点，他就做完了。,”,(,)8.Did Jim hand in his assignment on time?,Yes.It,was before eight oclock _ he finished it.,A,before B,when,C,that D,until,8,C,。本题考查强调句。如果,It is/was,后接的是介词短语，则一定是强调句强调状语，所以填,that,。,(,)9.It is eight years _ I lived in the countryside.,A,since B,when,C,before D,that,9,A,。本题考查,It is,时间段,since,的固定句型，意思为,“,自从,到现在已经多久了,”,。本句意思是,“,我不住在农村已经有,8,年了,”,。,(,)10.He is such a dishonest man _ nobody wants to believe in _.,A,as,；,him B,that,；不填,C,as,；不填,D,whom,；,him,10,C,。本题有两种填法。若把,man,当先行词，后面看成定语从句，由于先行词被,such,修饰，所以关系词用,as,，后面不填；第二种，把从句当做结果状语从句，引导词填,that,，第二个空填,him,。所以答案为,C,。,(,)11.The radiation amount of a mobile phone for two half,hour periods per day is equal to _ to an X,ray for ten seconds.,A,expose B,exposing,C,be exposed D,being exposed,11,D,。此处考查,be equal to,中,to,是介词，所以后面要接动名词形式。而,be exposed to,是,“,接触,”,的意思，所以答案为,D,。,(,)12.I sent for a technician _ John isnt familiar _ the computer software they use.,A,in case,；,with B,in case,；,to,C,so that,；,with D,so that,；,to,12,A,。根据本题意思,“,我派人去叫一个技术人员，以防,John,不熟悉他们使用的电脑软件,”,。所以第一个空要填,in case,；第二个空，,be familiar with,，主语为人；,be familiar to,主语为物，所以答案为,A,。,(,)13.The situation is hard to _,，,because he isnt a man easy to _.,A,be dealt,；,communicate,B,be dealt with,；,be communicated,C,deal with,；,communicate with,D,deal,；,be communicated with,13,C,。本题考查主系表结构，当表语是形容词时，后面的动词不定式用主动形式表被动意义。所以答案为,C,。,(,)14._ is known to us all,，,only the theory _ practice can be practical.,A,Which,；,base on B,Which,；,based on,C,As,；,based on D,As,；,basing on,14,C,。第一个空应该填一个引导非限定性定语从句的代词。先行词为后面的整个句子，所以只能填,as,，因为,which,不能放句首；第二个空应该填非谓语动词作定语，由于,be based on,表,“,基于,”,，所以用被动，答案为,C,。,(,)15.I hope to go to college n