小升初名词课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,指人或事物的名称的词,第一讲：,名 词 Nounn,.,名词,专有名词：,特定的人，地点等（首字母大写）,例：,New,York,Yao Ming,普通名词,可数名词,不可数名词,能够以数计算的事物的名词,不能以数计算的事物的名词,单数名词,复数名词,？,例：液体，气体等。milk,water,air,例：pen,student,flowers,普通名词：指一般的人，事物或抽象名词等.,例：apple,pen,doctor,，,love,金木水火土，肉面食茶布,可数名词的单数变复数(规则变化）,直接在名词后加,s,例：,cake-cakes,leg-legs,2.,在以,s,x,sh,ch,结尾的名词后加,es,例：,dress-dresses,dish-dishes,watch-watches,box-boxes,3.,以,o,结尾的名词,一般加,s,，但,negro,hero,tomato,potato,之后加,e,s,顺口溜：黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。,可数名词的单数变复数（规则变化）,以辅音字母,y,结尾的名词，把,y,改为 i再加,e,s,：,例：,city-cities,family-families,5.以,f,或,fe,结尾的名词，变,f,或,fe,为,v,再加,e,s,例：,leaf-leaves,knife-knives,wife-wives,但是下列单词直接加s,chief(首领),roof(屋顶),gulf(海湾),顺口溜：首领在屋顶看海湾。,巧记以f或fe结尾的名称,树叶半,数,自己,黄,妻子,拿,刀,去割粮,架,后窜出一只,狼,就像,盗贼,逃,命,亡,leaf half self,wife knife,shelf wolf,thief life,名词单数变复数的发音规则,情况,构成方法,读音规则,例词,一般情况,词尾加-s,(1)清辅音/p/,/k/,/t/,/f/等后读/s/,maps,books,boats,(2)在浊辅/b/,/d/,/g/,/,/,/l/,/m/,/n/等和元音后读/z/,verbs,birds,bags,kings,hills,names,pens,cars,trees,以-s,-sh,-ch,-x结尾的名词,词尾加-es,读/iz/,buses,watches,wishes,boxes,以-o结尾的名词,词尾加-s或-es,读/z/,radios,kangaroos,heroes,potatoes,以-y结尾的名词,(1)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，变y为,i,加-es,读/iz/,cities,babies,(2)以元音字母+y结尾的名词，加s,读/z/,days,boys,toys,以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v，再加es,读/vz/,knives,leaves,写出下列各词的复数形式：,1,.,tomato 2.city 3.boy 4.radio 5.self,6.fly 7.photo 8.,house,9.,box,10.wife 11.Sunday 12.class 13.zoo,14.exam 15.beach 16.wish 17.glass,18.leaf 19.student 20.baby 21.,potato,1.单复数同形的名词：,中国人，日本人都非常喜欢绵羊，鱼和鹿,Chinese Japanese,sheep fish deer,可数名词的单数变复数（不规则变化）,2.,单复数不同形（特殊名词的变化）：,1),改变中间元音,footfeet toothteeth goosegeese manmen womanwomen mouse-mice,2)词尾加-en或-ren,childchildren oxoxen,3）mousemice老鼠,总结：男人，女人a变e,小孩后加ren，公牛后加en,老鼠mouse变mice,鹅的牙和脚oo变ee，,可数名词的单数变复数（不规则变化）,写出下列各词的复数形式：,tomato,city,boy,radio,leaf,fly,photo,mouse,box,wife,Sunday,class,Chinese,zoo,exam,German,sheep,fish,beach,wish,glass,leaf,student,deer,baby,potato,句子单数变复数：,1.Be动词的改变：am/is-are,2.代词的变化：Iwe he/she/itthey meus him/her/itthem myour his/her/itstheir,thisthese that those,3.去掉a或an,4.名词单数变成复数,Exercises,用所给名词的适当形式填空:,1.Are there any,(peach)on the table?,2.They are some young,(woman).,3.The,(children)is playing in the garden.,4.Some,(goose)are swimming in the river.,5.Would you like some,(fish)?,6.How many,(radio)can you see on the bookcase?,7.Are there any,(boy)in the library?,8.One policeman caught three,(thief)yesterday.,Exercises,请用is/are填空,1.There,some water in the bottle.,2.There,an orange on the table.,3.There,many fish in the pool.,4.There,some leaves on the ground.,名词中表示所有关系的形式,名词所有格,所有格的构成方式,1.由名词加s构成，通常用来表示有生命的东西,2.由 of加名词构成，通常用来表示没有生命的东西,.s所有格,名词的单数所有格是直接在名词后面加 s，读法和名词复数发音规则一样。,如：,Marys letter,the girls story,Miss Lius students,2.复数名词所有格的变化形式,（1）如果是以-s或-,es结尾，它的所有格是在名词后加“”。,如：the twins bedroom,the students books,（2）如果名词的复数形式不是以,-s或-,es结尾，它的所有格是直接加s。,如：a childrens book(儿童读物),the mens shoes,3.如果两个人共同拥有一样物品时，只在后面一个名词后加s。,如：Lucy and Lilys book,如果一样的物品不是两个人共同拥有而是各自都有时，它的所有格是在两个名后都加上,s,。,如：Lucys and Lilys books,.,由of+名词构成的所有格,由of+名词构成的所有格通常用来表示无生命的东西的所有关系。,如：the four legs of a desk,a map of China,the capital of America,Exercises,请用How much/How many填空,1.,juice do you want?,2.,bottles of juice do you want?,3.,people are there in your family?,4.,pencils do you have?,5.,mutton is there in the fridge?,名词所有格练习,Translate these phase below.,教室的窗户 美国的首都 桌子的四条腿,学校的大门 老师们的办公室 男人们的衣服,Linda的课本 Peter和Bill的爸爸 奶奶的眼镜,Lucys mother and Lilys mother,teachers of our school,the foot of the hill,Homework,1.复习并背诵名词单数变复数的规则,2.写出20个不可数名词（1+1）,3.写出30个可数名词，并写出其复数形式（1+1）,