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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 4,Global warming,基础知识自测,一、单词识记,1._ n.,数量,2._ n.,资料；数据,3._,vt,.,反对；反抗,4._ n.,趋势；倾向；走向,5._,vt,.,陈述,n.,状态，国家,quantity,data,oppose,trend,state,6._ n.,变化范围,v.,涉及,7._ adj.,平稳的；持续的,8._ n.,标题；名称；头衔,9._ n.,图表；曲线图,10._ adj.,分布广的,range,steady,title,graph,widespread,11._ vt.,使恢复；使振作,12._ v.,趋向；照顾；护理,13.famine n._,14.renewable adj._,15.phenomenon n._,refresh,tend,饥荒,可更新的；能再生的,现象,16.consequence n._,17.catastrophe n._,18.individual n.,adj._,19.advocate vt._,20.consume vt._,结果；后来,大灾难；浩劫,个人；个体,提倡；主张；拥护,消费；吃完,二、词汇拓展,1.state vt.,陈述,(,正式,);n.,国家；状态；州,adj.,国立的,_n.,说明，陈述,_adj.,宏大的；优雅从容的,_,搭配,处于,状态,in a.state/in a state of.,statement,stately,It is stated that=It is said that.,据说,The writer stated his views in his latest book,，,and some of the _(state)are of great value.,statements,_(,据说,)that more than thirty people were killed in that accident.,He was_(,健康状况不佳,).,in a poor state of health,It is stated,2.refresh vt.,使恢复；使振作,_adj.,使人振作的,_adj.,振作的；精神的,_n.(,精力,),恢复；点心,refreshment,refreshing,refreshed,He felt _ after a _ bath.(refresh),Love is the greatest_(refresh)in life.,refreshing,refreshed,refreshment,三、词组互译,pare.to _,e about _,3.result in _,4.be opposed to _,5.on behalf of _,6.put up with _,把,比作,出现；发生,导致,反对,代表；作,的代言人,忍受；容忍,7.build up _,8.,坚持；持续,_,9.,大体上；基本上,_,10.,只要,_,11.,如此；等等,_,12.,有意义；有差别,_,make a difference,锻炼；健身；增强,keep on,so long as,and so on,on the whole,四、词组运用,1.Does it_ to you if you are not invited to attend Jims birthday party?,2._the climate in Beijing _ that in your place,，,and you will find ours is milder.,make any difference,Compare,with,3.The tragic catastrophe which broke out in Wenchuan _ a lot of death and the destruction of buildings.,4.“To be frank,，,I can hardly_ the noise you make.”shouted Tom.,resulted in,put up with,5.In spite of those shortcomings,，,he is_ _ a qualified teacher.,6._ you continue working in this way,，,you will catch up with the others soon.,the whole,on,As long as,7.The mother,，,whose son died in the anti-Japanese war,，,accepted the medal _,_ her son,，,the hero of our country.,8.Sometimes it is hard to tell how a quarrel,_.,on behalf,of,came about,9.The impact that the snow-storm had on this city was _.,10.At first he_ our suggestion,，,but we managed to bring him round.,was opposed to,building up,五、课文填空,The Earths surface temperature has risen by about one degree Fahrenheit today.There is no doubt 1 _ the earth is becoming warmer.But how has this come about and does it matter?People have fierce debates about whether 2_is human activity that has caused this global warming,，,3_(compare)with most of the natural changes.,compared,that,it,Many scientists 4 _ Dr.Janice Foster believe that people have caused the increase in the earths temperature 5_ burning fossil fuels like coal,，,natural gas and oil to produce energy.,like,by,Some byproducts of this process are called“greenhouse”gases,，,the most important one of 6 _ is carbon dioxide.The increased amount of carbon dioxide means that more heat energy 7_(trap)in the atmosphere 8_(cause)the global temperature to go up.,causing,which,is trapped,On 9 _ other hand,，,some scientists predict that any warming will be mild with few bad 10 _(environment)consequences.Anyhow,，,even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases,，,the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.,environmental,the,六、语法专练,1.,阅读时碰到一个生词查一个是不好的。,(it,作形式主语,),Its no good _(look)up every new word that you come across while reading.,2.,我们相信教育的改善会导致一个更强、更加繁荣的社会。,(it,作形式主语,),_ improvements in education will lead to a stronger,，,more prosperous society.,It is believed that,looking,3.,作为一个人大代表，他把反映广大人民的意见作为已任。,(it,作形式宾语,),As a NPC deputy,，,_ to reflect peoples views.,4.,昨天晚上我在音乐会上见到的人是你吗？,(,强调句一般疑问句形式，强调主语,),_ that I saw last night at the concert?,Was it you,he made it his duty,5.,事实是人口仍在增长。,(,替代,that,从句,),_ the population is still increasing.,6.,这是这个月你第三次来迟了。,(it is.when.),_when youve arrived late this month.,It is the third time,It is a fact that,掌握重要考点,核心单词,a large quantity of+n.,许多,(,作主语，谓语用单数,),large quantities of+n.,许多,(,作主语，谓语用复数,),in quantity,大量地,注意：,可接不可数名词或可数名词复数。,1.quantity n.,数量,(,与,quality,相对,),运用：用所给动词的适当形式填空。,A large quantity of air-conditioners_(have)been sold since the temperature is high.,has,Large quantities of information_(have)been collected.,It is cheaper to buy goods _ quantity.,in,have,tend to do sth.,常常会做某事，往往会做某事,tend to/toward sth.,趋向，倾向,tend to sb./sth.(=look after),照顾，照料,(,旧式,),派生：,tendency n.,倾向；趋势,2.tend vi.,趋向；易于；照顾,;vt.,照顾；护理,运用：用适当的词填空或根据提示完成句子。,When I am tired,，,I tend_ (make)mistakes.,His view tends _ ours.,The doctors and nurses are busy_(,照顾,)the injured.,tending to,to make,to,3.oppose vt.,反对；反抗；与,(,某人,),较量,派生：,opposed adj.,反对的；对立的,oppose(doing)sth.,反对,(,强调动作,),be opposed to,反对,(,强调状态,),运用：用适当的词填空或根据提示完成句子。,People who are in favor of peace are _(oppose)to nuclear weapon.,opposed,Many residents in Guangzhou are opposed to_(tear)down the old buildings which are cultural relics.,我反对酒醉时驾驶。,I _ while drunk.,tearing,am opposed to driving/oppose driving,4.range n.,种类；变化范围,排,;v.,涉及,延伸,a range of,一系列，一套,(,同类,),range between A and B,在,A,和,B,之间变化或变动,range from A to B,从,A,延伸到,B,；从,A,到,B,不等,运用：用适当的词填空或根据提示完成句子。,He has a wide range of interests,_(range)from chess _ canoeing.,Their ages range_ 25 to 50.,ranging,to,from,边界从北部山地一直延伸到南部海岸。,The frontier_ from the northern hills _the southern coast.,ranges,to,in/under the circumstances,在此种情况下,in/under no circumstances,决不，无论如何都不,用法：,意为“环境，情况”时，多用复数形式。,5.circumstance n.,环境；情况,运用：根据汉语意思完成英文句子。,在这种情况下，最好别告诉他事故的情况。,_,，,it is better not to tell him about the accident.,你无论如何都不要借钱给他。,_ you lend him money.,In/Under no circumstances do,In/Under the circumstances,重要词组,e about,发生；造成,用法：,此短语通常与,how,连用。,例句：,How did the accident come about?,这个事故是怎样发生的,?,拓展：填入适当的词完成下列短语。,come _(,偶然,),遇见,(,或发现,),come _,出身于；来自,come _,出版；发行；结果是,come _,上来；上升；抬头,come _,来到；共计；达到,come _,变成现实；成为事实,true,across,from,out,up,to,2.subscribe to,同意,;,赞成,(agree with),；订购,运用：根据汉语意思完成英文句子。,今年图书馆定购了什么杂志？,Which journals did the library _ this year?,只有疯子才会同意这样的观点。,No one but mad people would_,_.,subscribe to,such views,subscribe to,3.go up(=rise),上升；增长；升起,运用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的词适形式填空。,In our area,，,the price of the new house has gone up_ 1000 yuan per square meter.That is,，,it has gone up_10,，,000 yuan per square meter.,Production keeps _(go)up.,拓展：,go up to,上升到,go up by,上升了,going,by,to,4.result in(=cause),引起；导致；造成,(,后接结果,),result from,由于,而引起,(,后接原因,),运用：用适当的词填空。,Many illnesses result_ lack of exercise.,from,Lack of exercise results _ many illnesses.,说明：,表示“导致”的词组还有：,bring about,，,lead to,，,give rise to,等。,in,5.even if/even though.,即使，尽管,运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。,即使下雨我们也要去。,Well go_.,尽管他很忙，他还是愿意帮我们。,He would like to help us_,_.,even though he is,very busy,even if/even though it rains,6.keep on(doing sth.),继续；不断,(,做,),，反复,(,做,),keep doing sth.,不停地,/,不间断地做某事,说明：,keep on doing sth.,可能有间断，强调“反复”和“决心”，而且常常附加感情色彩。与,sitting,，,standing,，,lying,，,sleeping,等静态的动词连用时，只能用,keep doing,。,运用：用,keep,或,keep on,的适当形式填空。,Whatever happens,_ trying.,Dont _ asking me such silly questions.,keep on,keep on,She was very tired,，,but she_ working.,I _ standing under a burning sun for a long while that day.,kept,kept on,7.on the whole,总的说来；大体上；基本上,翻译：,总的说来，我赞成这个提议。,_,，,Im in favour of the proposal.,On the whole,8.on behalf of,代表,一方；作为,的代言人,用法：,也可以表达为,on ones behalf,。,运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。,我谨代表全家感谢大家。,I would like to thank all of you_,_.,on behalf of,all my family,史密斯先生不能来，因此他的妻子代他领奖。,Mr.Smith cannot come here,，,so his wife will accept the prize _.,on his behalf,9.put up with,忍受，容忍,(=stand,，,bear,，,tolerate),运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。,她整天抱怨，我一天也不能忍受了。,_ another day she never stops complaining.,I cant put up with her,恐怕你得容忍她的坏脾气,(temper),。,I am afraid you have to _,_.,put up with her,bad temper,10.so long as=as long as,只要,运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。,只要还活着，我就要学习。,_,，,I must study.,As long as I live,只要你真诚地对待别人，就能赢得别人的尊敬。,_ others honestly,，,you can win their respect.,As long as you treat,11.and so on,等等,同义：,and so forth,，,etc.,运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。,这商店卖衣服，鞋，帽子等等。,This shop sells clothes,，,shoes,，,hats_.,and so on,我有许多爱好，比如足球、篮球、音乐、游戏等等。,I have many hobbies,，,_ basketball,，,music,，,games,，,_.,and so on,such as football,佳句诵写,1.,原句：,There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer(see graph1)and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.(L1,，,P26),毫无疑问，全球正在变暖，而全球变暖是人为的，并不是随意的自然现象。,句型：,There is no doubt that.,毫无疑问，,仿写：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。,毫无疑问，圣诞节的庆祝活动是一个很好地学习西方文化的方式。,_ the celebration of Christmas is a good way of learning the western culture.,There is no doubt that,毫无疑问，过多的电脑游戏会对学生的健康有不良影响。,_ that too many computer games can _ on students health.,have a bad effect/influence/impact,There is no doubt,毫无疑问，做事不先考虑总会导致失败。,_ acting before thinking always_ failure.,results in,There is no doubt that,2.,原句：,Some byproducts of this process are called“greenhouse”gases,，,the most important one of which is carbon dioxide.(L21,，,P26),这个升温过程的一些副产品就叫做“温室”气体，其中最重要的是二氧化碳。,句型：,the most+adj.+one of+which/who.,其中最,的,仿写：将下列句子译成英文。,这里有很多的动画片，其中我最喜欢的是喜羊羊与灰太狼。,Here are many cartoons,，,_ _ is Happy Sheep And Gray Wolf.,the most favorite,one of which,我有三个姐姐，其中最年轻的三年前去了美国。,I have three sisters,_ went to USA three years ago.,the youngest one of whom,应采取有效措施防止生存环境进一步恶化，其中最重要的措施之一就是限制过多的私家车的使用。,Some effective measures should be taken to keep our living environment from getting worse,，,_ is to limit the use of private cars.,the most important one of which,难句分析,课本原句：,There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer but there is fierce debate over whether it is human activity that has caused this global warming or whether it is just a natural phenomenon.(P26),毫无疑问，地球是在变暖。但是全球变暖的原因是人为的呢，或者仅仅是一种自然现象呢？对于这个问题存在着激烈的争论。,结构分析：,but,把两个,there be,句型连结起来。前一分句中，,doubt,后面的,that,引导的是同位语从句。,whether.,和,or whether.,是介词,over,的,_,从句。,that has caused this global warming,是一个,_,从句，其先行词是,human activity,。,定语,宾语,轻松走进高考,一、完形填空,本文主要介绍黑龙江三江平原湿地减少的现状以及原因。,1.B,。,词义复现，由本文第一段可知，该空讲述的是干旱所带来的灾害。,2.A,。,句意是：近年来华北地区干旱、洪水以及沙尘暴的增加导致了湿地的减少。因此，只有,A,项符合题意。,3.B,。,lead to,导致；带来；,result from,因为,；,lie in,在于,；,cater to,迎合,。,4.A,。,考查常识，黑龙江是一个省，而不是镇、城市或国家。,5.B,。,have effects on,是固定搭配，表示“对,有影响”。,6.C,。,指黑龙江的河流及水域系统延伸到,(reach),其邻近国家，,A,、,B,选项不及物动词搭配不符，,D,意思不符。,7.D,。,考查常识，根据前面的”,neighboring”,一词可知，只有,D,合理，即与中国相邻，且黑龙江的水系能够到达的国家是俄罗斯。,8.B,。,add,在这里表示“补充说，又说道”。,9.D,。,句意是：黑龙江（尤其是三江平原）对于中国的粮食和安全来说是很重要的。,specially,表示“特殊地”；,naturally“,自然地”；,necessarily“,必然地”。,10.C,。,下面讲的是湿地对于水鸟的重要性。,11.A,。,globally“,全球的，全世界的”，意指三江平原具有重要意义。,12.D,。,讲述湿地对水鸟的数量以及物种有着重要的意义，其它选项与文意不相符。,13.B,。,threatened,意为“受到威胁的”，指因干旱湿地减少，从而使水鸟受到威胁。,14.C,。,下面几句话讲的是有关方面对拯救（保护）湿地做出的努力，而不是创造湿地。,15.C,。,即禁止对湿地进行耕种和挖掘。,二、语法填空,一项调查显示，美貌对男性在管理界获得成功有积极的作用，但却会阻碍女性在这方面的发展。,31.it,。,此处,it,指代前文提到的,beauty,。,32.harmful,。,对比前半句“,a positive factor”,可知此处用形容词,harmful,。,33.to,。,lead to,为固定搭配。,34.ones,。,用代词指代前文的“,female executives”,，要用复数形式。,35.but,。“,not.but”,结构，表“不是,而是,”,。,36.is connected,。,主语是“,the rise of.”,可知用单数形式。考查主谓一致和被动语态。,37.who,。,who,在这里引导定语从句，代替先行词,Anne Bowman,作主语。,38.for,。,vote for sb.,投票支持某人。固定用法。,pletely,。,用副词修饰动词,defeat,。,40.ranked,。,这里用过去分词形式作后置定语。,三、阅读理解,文章大意：用衣服绳晾衣服本是一件极其平常的事情，可美国人却为此大动干戈，甚至上升到法律高度。这究竟是为什么呢？,61.B,。细节理解。,根据第三段中的,because clothesline drying also tends to lower home value in the neighborhood,可判断此项正确。,A,项在文章中没有提到；第二段开头部分提到干衣机是对能源的浪费，由此可排除,C,项；根据第四段的第一句可排除,D,项。,62.D,。推理判断题。,第五段的开头部分提到此人有生态意识，再结合他的行为可以推断他是一个有社会责任感的人。前三项在文章中没有信息支持。,63.B,。推理判断题。,人们之所以用衣服绳晾衣服是出于对环境保护的考虑，自然会受到“环境保护论者”的拥护。,64.C,。主旨大意题。,文章叙述的是人们针对使用衣服绳这种行为所展开的激烈辩论，所以此项最能概括文章大意。由于人们对此褒贬不一，因此,A,项不正确；文章中没有把衣服绳看作是一种久违的艺术，因此,B,项不恰当；,D,项在文章中没有信息支持。,65.C,。推理判断题。,文中叙述正反两方对晾衣绳的看法，但作者并没有发表自己的看法，所以他是中立的。,四、基础写作,Earth Hour is a global event organized by WWF and is held between 8:30 p.m.and 9:30 p.m.on the last Saturday of each March,，,asking people to turn off their non-essential lights for an hour.First held in Sydney in 2007,，,Earth Hour aims to remind people of the influence of global warming and to raise awareness of environmental protection.,This year more than 100 million people from 125 countries took part in the event on March 27.In our city,，,citizens show their support by switching off their lights and going out for a walk that evening.At 8:30 p.m.,，,half of the street lights of the city were also turned off.,Thank you!,
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