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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,佳句展示,名师点拨,1.(2009,年江苏卷，完形,)Second,，,they believe that forcing students to work without pay goes against the law.,其次，他们认为强迫学生工作而不付报酬是违反法律的。,(go against,违反，违背,),2.(2009,年陕西卷，阅读，,A)Up until now,，,I had been old enough to dress myself,，,but today I would need some help.,直到现在，我已足够大能自己穿衣，但是今天我需要帮助。,(up until now,直到现在,),3.(2009,年安徽卷，完形,)I want to thank you for teaching me a very valuable lesson in life by the great example you set.,我非常感谢你，是你的善举给我上了一堂有价值的人生课。,(you set,定语从句修饰先行词,example),1,n,秩序,2,n,原则；准则,3,n,职位,4,v,t,.,强调,5,v,i,.,辞职,6,adj,.,有影响的,7,n,公正,8,n,燃料,9,n,状况；条件；环境,10,adj,.,平等的,equality,n,平等,order,principle,position,stress,resign,influential,justice,fuel,condition,equal,11,n,哲学家,philosophy,n,哲学,12,n,顾问,advise,v,建议,advice,n,建议,13,n,诚实,honest,adj,.,诚实的,14,n,贡献,contribute,v,贡献；捐献；投稿,15,v,t,.,发明,invention,n,发明,inventor,n,发明家,16,n,争论；辩论；议论,argue,v,争论，辩论,philosopher,adviser,honesty,contribution,invent,argument,equal,v,t,.,等于，比得上；,adj,.,相等的，胜任的；,n,.,同等的人或物,(1)equal,n,.(in,n,.)(,在,方面,),比得上，与,匹敌；与,相等,(2)be equal to sth./doing sth.,等于；能胜任,be equal with,与,平等,(3)without(an)equal,无人可比的,(4)equally,ad,v,.,同样地；相等地,equality,n,相等；平等,None of us equal him in strength.,在力气方面，我们谁也比不上他。,Women demand equal pay for equal work.,妇女要求同工同酬。,It is equal to me whether he comes or not.,他来还是不来对我都一样。,I,m not equal to the position.,我胜任不了那个职位。,His paintings are without equal in the Western world.,他的画在西方世界首屈一指。,order,n,次序，顺序；秩序；整齐；命令；订购；订单；点饭,(,菜,),；,v,t,.,命令；订购；安排,(1)in order of,以,的顺序,in order to do./that.,为了,out of order,紊乱的；出故障的,keep order,维持秩序,give/place an order for sth.with(sb.),和,(,某人,),订购某物,give/take orders,下达,/,接受命令,(2)order sb.to do sth.,命令某人做某事,order that.(should),动词原形命令,order sb.sth.,order sth.for sb.,为某人订购,Please arrange the thing in order of the size.,请按照尺寸的大小排序。,Some teachers find it difficult to keep order in classes.,许多老师发现课堂秩序很难维持。,He gave orders for the work to be started immediately.,他发出指示要立即开始工作。,The phone is out of order.,电话坏了。,The doctor ordered me to take a rest for a month.,The doctor ordered that I(should)take a rest for a month.,医生指示我要休息一个月。,stress,n,压力，重压；强调；重音；,v,t,.,着重；强调；重读,(1)lay/place/put stress on,把重点放在,上；在,上用力,under the stress of,为,所迫,cause/reduce stress,造成,/,减少压力,(2)stress the importance of,强调,的重要性,(3)stressed,adj,.,焦虑的，紧张的,(,不位于名词前，且常修饰人,),(4)stressful,adj,.,产生压力的，使紧迫的,He is under great stress because of his new job.,新工作使他感受到沉重的压力。,The teacher laid particular stress on the need for discipline.,老师特别强调纪律的必要性。,I must stress that what I say must be kept as a secret.,我强调我说的话必须保密。,She finds her new teaching job very stressful.,她觉得新的教学工作非常紧张。,honest,adj,.,诚实的，正直的,(1)an honest man,一位诚实的人,It is honest of sb.to do sth.(,某人,),做,是正直的,to be honest(with you),坦白说，老实告诉你,(,通常置于句首,),(2)honestly speaking,诚实的说,(3)honesty,n,诚实，真诚,All my life I,ve tried to be an honest man.,我的一生中，我一直尽量做个诚实的人。,Give me an honest answer.,给我一个坦率的答案。,To be quite honest,，,I don,t think we have a chance of winning.,老实说,(,说实话,),，我认为我们没有获胜的可能。,Honestly speaking,，,that,s exactly what she said.,坦白说，那正是她所说的。,Honesty is the best policy.,诚实为上策。,contribution,n,贡献；稿件,(1)make contributions to(doing)sth.,对,(,做,),某事做出贡献,(2)contribute,v,t,.&,v,i,.,捐赠，贡献，有助于,contribute(sth.)to/towards sth.,向,捐赠,，向,投稿,contribute to sth.,促成某事物,People remember him for his contributions to the country.,人们因为他对这个国家的贡献而记住他。,He has made great contributions to the development of our company.,他对我们公司的发展做出了巨大贡献。,He contributed a lot of money to the Hope Project.,他捐很多钱给希望工程。,A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health.,适度的运动有益健康。,condition,n,条件；情形；社会地位,(1)living/working conditions,居住,/,工作环境,(2)on condition(that),在,条件下；倘若,on no condition,一点也不，绝不,(3)be in good condition,身体很好；完好无误,be out of condition,身体不适,One of the conditions of the job is that you should be able to use a computer.,那个工作的条件之一是你要会用电脑。,The condition of my health prevents me from working hard.,我的身体条件使我不能努力工作。,He can,t still go for an outing,，,since he is in poor condition.,既然他身体不好，还不能出去。,You may borrow the book,，,on condition that you do not lend it to anyone else.,你可以借这本书，条件是你不能再借给别人。,On no condition should you give up.,你决不应该放弃。,1,He is not_to the position and we,d better get somebody else to do it.,A,fit,B,good,C,equal D,interested,【,解析,】,be equal to,胜任的。该句意为,“,他胜任不了那个职位，我们最好另找他人做这件事,”,。,【,答案,】,C,2,His house is well designed and everything inside it is put in_.,A,line B,order,C,sight D,way,【,解析,】,他的房子设计得很好，里面的每一件东西都放得井井有条。,【,答案,】,B,3,Would you please lend me ten pounds?,_,，,I,ve got no money with me today.I,m so sorry.,A,To be fair B,To be sure,C,To be careful D,To be honest,【,解析,】,在对方向,“,我,”,借钱时，,“,我,”,坦率地说出身上没钱，并表示歉意，应选,D,，意为,“,说实话，老实说,”,。,【,答案,】,D,4,Ron lent me the money on_that I pay it back next month.,A,condition B,conditions,C,state D,situation,【,解析,】,on condition that,在,条件下。句意为：罗恩把钱借给我，条件是下个月我还给他。,【,答案,】,A,1,与,交战,2,为,自豪,3,责任感,4,首次；第一次,5,与,不同,6,养育；抚养；呕吐,7,总之,8,与,相似,9,照顾,10,叫醒,be_at_war_with,be_proud_of/take_pride_in,a_sense_of_responsibility,for_the_first_time,be_different_from,bring_up,in_conclusion,be_similar_to,look_after,wake_up,be at war with,与,交战,(1)a civil/cold war,内战,/,冷战,make/declare war on.,对,宣战,(2)be at peace(with),与,保持友好，和平，和皆,The country has been at war with its neighbor for three years.,该国与其邻国已交战三年。,During the Second World War,，,Germany was at war with almost all the countries in the world.,第二次世界大战期间，德国几乎同世界上所有的国家处于交战状态。,To declare war on the small island state looks like the action of a cowardly nation.,向一个小岛国宣战，看来像是一个怯懦国家的行为。,Germany has been at peace with France for fifty years.,德国与法国已和平相处了,50,年。,bring up,养育；提出,(,话题,),；呕吐,bring forward,提出,(,论点、问题等,),bring about,引起，导致,(,事故、变化等,),bring back,归还；带回；,(,事物,),使记起,bring in,吸引；引进；赚得,He left her to bring up their young children on her own.,他留下她独自抚养他们年幼的孩子。,His new suggestion was brought up at the meeting.,他的新议案在会议上被提出来。,He was drunk and brought up what he had at midnight.,他喝醉了，半夜里把吃的东西都吐了。,What brought about the change in his attitude?,是什么使他改变了态度？,The photographs brought back many pleasant memories.,那些照片给人带来很多美好的回忆。,in conclusion,总之；总而言之,(1)reach/draw a conclusion,得出结论；下结论,come to/arrive at a conclusion,得出结,(2)conclude,v,结束；下结论；推断,conclude that,draw a conclusion that,下结论,to conclude,总而言之，总之，最后,In conclusion,，,I think the best way to make a friend is to be one.,总之，我认为交朋友最好的办法是去做一个朋友。,I will say,，,in conclusion,，,that it is an honour to be the speaker at this meeting.,最后，我要说我很荣幸能在这次会议上讲话。,We came to the conclusion that the room must have been empty.,我们的结论是：那个房间当时一定是空的。,He thought it over carefully and concluded that heavy objects always fall faster than light ones.,他仔细考虑之后得出了结论，重的物体要比轻的物体下落得快。,Let me conclude my speech with a saying,：,where there is a will,，,there is a way.,让我用一句谚语结束我的演讲：有志者，事竟成。,1,Ann seems to be upset.What,s up?,She_from the voice on the line that her mother is not satisfied with her test scores.,A,includes B,concludes,C,suggests D,contains,【,解析,】,答句意为：她根据电话中的声音断定母亲对她的考试成绩不满意。,【,答案,】,B,2,Young children should be_to be honest and equal.,A,brought up B,brought out,C,brought down D,brought in,【,解析,】,bring up sb.to do,教养,使之能,。句意为：应该教导小孩子诚实和平等。,【,答案,】,A,3,A great deal of science and technique has been_since China carried_reform and open policy.,A,brought down,；,on B,brought in,；,out,C,brought out,；,out D,brought up,；,on,【,解析,】,动词短语辨析题。,carry on,继续进行，进行下去；,carry out,实行，执行。句意为,“,自从中国实行改革开放以来，大量的科学技术被引进,”,。,“,引进，吸收,”,应用,bring in,。,【,答案,】,B,4,The two countries have been_war_each other for more than five years.,A,at,；,for B,in,；,against,C,at,；,with D,in,；,with,【,解析,】,be at war with.,“,与,交战,”,是固定短语。,【,答案,】,C,5,Wouldn,t it be_wonderful world if all nations live in_peace with one another?,A,a,；,/B,the,；,/,C,a,；,the D,the,；,the,【,解析,】,a wonderful world,一个美好的世界，,in peace,和平地,(,相处,),。,【,答案,】,A,1,Treat others_ _ _you want to be treated.,己所不欲，勿施于人。,【,答案,】,in the way,2,Ancient China was_ _ _states were often_ _ _each other.,古代中国是一个国与国之间经常发生战争的地方。,【,答案,】,a place where,；,at war with,3,Mencius believed that_ _ _man is different from animals_ _ man is good.,孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人性善。,【,答案,】,the reason why,；,is that,4,_ _ _you need to be a bit mad to be an inventor.,据说要想成为发明家，得需要一点疯狂和着迷。,【,答案,】,They say that,Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.,孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人性善。,(1)believe,后是,that,引导的宾语从句，从句中使用,the reason why.is that.,句式，其中,why,引导的是定语从句，,that,引导的是表语从句。,(2)reason,用做定语从句先行词时，首先判断,reason,在定语从句中作什么成分，如果作状语，则要使用关系副词,why,引导定语从句，而且,why,有时可省略；如作主语或宾语，则使用关系代词,that/which,引导定语从句。,We,d like to know the reason why she didn,t accept the job.,我们希望知道她为什么不接受这份工作。,The reason why I don,t believe him is that he often tells a lie.,我不相信他的原因是他经常撒谎。,for some reason,由于某种原因,have every reason to do.,有充分的理由做,for no good reasons,没有正当理由,They have decided to change all our jobs,，,for some reason.,由于某种原因，他们已决定更改我们所有人的工作。,They say that you need to be a bit mad to be an inventor.,据说要想成为发明家，得需要一点疯狂和着迷。,主语,v,.,that,句型中，主语是,“,人,”,，谓语动词是表示人的思维的动词，通常有,say,，,think,，,consider,，,hope,，,report.,等，表示,“,某些人,(,认为,/,相信,/,希望,),”,。这个句型常和以下两个句式互换：,(1)It is/was,p.p.,that,从句,(2)Sb./Sth.,be,p.p.,to do/to have,p.p.,People say that the tomb has been robbed.,It is said that the tomb has been robbed.,The tomb is said to have been robbed.,据说那个坟墓已被盗过了。,People hope that Chinese will land on the Mars one day.,It is hoped that Chinese will land on the Mars one day.,Chinese are hoped to land on the Mars one day.,人们希望有一天中国人会登上火星。,Treat others in the way you want to be treated.,己所不欲，勿施于人。,(1)way,作为,“,方式；方法,”,的意思时，在句中作先行词，如果关系代词在定语从句中作状语，那么可以用,that,或,in which,来引导，,that,或,in which,也可以省略。,I don,t like the way that(in which)you laugh at her.,我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。,Would you like to perform once again the way(that/in which)you climbed up the high tree?,你愿意再给我演示一遍你是怎样爬上那棵高树的吗？,(2)the way,跟定语从句，若关系代词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用,that,或,which,引导。,He offered some ways that/which worked very well in practice.,他提供了一些办法，这些办法在实践中很有效。,The way that/which you thought of to solve the problem was good.,你想出的解决问题的办法很好。,This is the way that/which works.,这是真正管用的办法。,1,The reason_he was late for the meeting was_he was held up by traffic jam during rush hours.,A,why,；,because B,that,；,that,C,why,；,that D,that,；,because,【,解析,】,考查,The reason why.is that.,“,的原因是,”,这一句型。,【,答案,】,C,2,Is this the reason_at the meeting for his carelessness in the work?,A,he explained B,what he explained,C,how he explained D,why he explained,【,解析,】,分析句子结构可知，,the reason,充当先行词，其在定语从句中作动词,explained,的宾语，故用,that,或,which,，而不用,why,；又因为关系代词充当宾语时可以省略，故,A,项正确。,【,答案,】,A,3,What surprised me was not what he said but_he said it.,A,in the way B,in the way that,C,the way D,the way which,【,解析,】,not.but.,连接的前后两部分应是并列成分，,not,后面所接的,what,引导的名词性从句决定了,but,后面应该是名词，所以排除,A,项和,B,项；,the way,作先行词，后面的连接词可以是,that,或,in which,或省略连接词，故,C,项正确。,【,答案,】,C,4,(2007,年重庆卷,)Leonardo da Vinci(1452,1519)_birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.,A,is said to be buying B,is said to have bought,C,had said to buy D,has said to have bought,【,解析,】,根据句意,“,据说达,芬奇,(,过去,),常买一些被关在笼子里的鸟，以便享受放飞它们的乐趣。,”,排除,C,、,D,两项；考虑,buy,这一动作先于,set,，因此应用,sb.is said to have done,结构；而,sb.is said to be doing,表达,“,据说某人正在做某事,”,，排除,A,项。,【,答案,】,B,.,单词拼写,1,Finally,，,ten months later,，,Nixon himself reluctantly became the first American President to _(,辞职,),【,答案,】,resign,2,“,Sometimes I wonder if there is any_(,公正,)in the world,，,”,the woman said angrily.,【,答案,】,justice,3,Before the human_(,发明,)gunpowder,，,men fought with bows and arrows.,【,答案,】,invented,4,The salesman said the car was in good_(,状况,),，,and I was foolish enough to fall for it.,【,答案,】,condition,5,She_(,强调,)the importance of a balanced diet to everyone present.,【,答案,】,stressed,.,易错模块,1,_in ancient times people were used to working together.,A,It says B,What says is that,C,It thought that D,It is said that,【,解析,】,It is/was said that.,意思是,“,据说,”,。还可以表达为,People say that.,。,【,答案,】,D,2,(2006,年湖北卷,)AIDS is said_the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.,A,that it is B,to be,C,that it has been D,to have been,【,解析,】,句意为：据说，在过去的几年中，,AIDS,对于那个地区的男女来说还是最大的挑战。,It is said that,从句可转换为,sb./sth.be said to do/to be doing/to have done,的形式，由此可排除,A,、,C,两项。由于句子中的时间状语,over the past few years,要用完成时，排除,B,项。,【,答案,】,D,3,Is Bob still performing?,I,m afraid not.He is said_the stage already as he has become an official.,A,to have left B,to leave,C,to have been left D,to be left,【,解析,】,本题考查,Sb.is said to do,结构。,Sb.is said to do,意思为,“,据说某人,”,，相当于,It is said that.,；根据题意，说明他已经离开舞台了，所以用,Sb.is said to have done,。,【,答案,】,A,4,Robert is said_abroad,，,but I don,t know what country he studied in.,A,to have studied B,to study,C,to be studying D,to have been studying,【,解析,】,but,之后的句子中使用一般过去时,studied,，说明该动作发生在过去，与不定式的完成式一致，因此答案是,to have studied,。,【,答案,】,A,5,Tom is said_in Africa,，,but no one really knows how soon he will be back.,A,travels B,to travel,C,to be travelling D,travelled,【,解析,】,从下句,“,没有人真正知道过多久他才会回来,”,可看出汤姆正在非洲旅行，用,Sb.is said to do,这一基本句式。如果表示,“,据说某人,/,某物正在干某事,”,，就要用不定式的进行时表示正在进行的动作或状态。,【,答案,】,C,.,语法专练,本单元语法,定语从句,1,(2009,年天津南开中学模拟,)The media today can draw public attention to situations_help is actually needed.,A,why B,while,C,where D,whose,【,解析,】,in this situation,在这种形势,/,情况下，,where,in which,，引导定语从句修饰,situations,。,【,答案,】,C,2,(2009,年烟台检测,)Most of the roads were covered with thick snow,，,_made our journey more difficult.,A,one B,it,C,which D,that,【,解析,】,考查非限制性定语从句。这里,which,指代前面的整个句子。,【,答案,】,C,3,(2009,年淄博检测,)The days are gone_we studied together at college,，,but I can still remember your lovely voice.,A,which B,in which,C,that D,when,【,解析,】,考查定语从句。,when,引导定语从句，修饰先行词,The days,，在定语从句中充当状语。,【,答案,】,D,4,The hard,working peasants and their happy life_we saw in the countryside made a wonderful impression on us.,A,that B,who,C,which D,whom,【,解析,】,先行词为,peasant,和,life,，既有人，又有物，故不用,which,，不用,whom,，而用,that,。,【,答案,】,A,5,The doctor did all_he could to help the badly wounded soldier.,A,which B,who,C,that D,what,【,解析,】,由句意可知，,he could(do),为定语从句修饰,all,，当先行词为不定代词时，定语从句引导词应用,that,。,【,答案,】,C,
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