高中英语：working the land Grammar课件人教版必修4 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The use of V,ing,form,1.,动名词的时态和语态,语态,时态,主动,被动,一般式,完成式,完成进行式,doing,being done,having done,having,been done,having been doing,无此形式,2.,动名词的一般式表示的动作是经常性或习惯性的动作，或与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生的动作。,I hate talking with such people.,Being careless is not a good habit.,3.,动名词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。,I dont remember having met him before.,Thank you for having taken so much trouble to help.,4.,否定式在,V-,ing,前加上,not,警示语要直接在,V-,ing,前加,no,Not knowing her address,we cant get in touch with her.,Not having received an answer,he wrote another letter.,No parking/smoking/spitting.,5.,动名词的逻辑主语一般应和句子的主语保持一致。当它们不一致时，要在名词前面加上物主代词或名词所有格，称为动名词的复合结构,作用相当于一个名词性从句。,Her coming to help encouraged all of us.,Whats troubling them is their not having enough food.,Talking to him made me angry.,6,动名词作主语,动名词作主语时，句子有两种形式：,动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上,1),捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的,.,Playing tricks on others,is,something we should never do,。,2),学习新单词对我来说非常重要。,Learning,new,words,is,very important to me,3),说比做容易。,Talking,is,easier than doing.,动名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数,用形式主语,it,，把真正的主语,动名词结构移置句尾。,作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如,useful,useless,good,fun,no use,worth,hard,tiring,better,interesting,a waste of time,等。,和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。,It is useless trying to argue with Shylock,这事值得去做。,Its worth making the effort to do it,看那本书事浪费时间。,It is a waste of time reading that book.,跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。,It is pleasant working with you,在,there be no doing,结构中，这种结构的意思相当于“,It is impossible to do”,。例如：,这种事开不得玩笑。,There is no joking about such matters.,无法知道他什么时候离开,There was no knowing when he would leave.,但是在,there is no need to do,sth,的结构中，,to do,不可以换成,doing,。,There is no need to tell her this.,其他句型,There is no sense in doing,做,没有道理,There is no use doing,做,没意义,There is nothing worse than doing,没有比,更糟的,There is no point doing,做,没意义,7.,动名词做宾语,做动词的宾语,I remember having seen him.,Yuan,Longping,enjoys listening to music.,我记得见过他。,袁隆平喜欢听音乐,做介词的宾语,我们正在考虑为下学期制定新的计划,不要害怕讲英语,We are thinking of making new plans for next term.,Dont be afraid of speaking English.,做形容词的宾语,It is worthwhile visiting the palace.,We are busy preparing for the coming sports meeting.,8.,动名词和不定式在句中作宾语时的比较,1),下列动词或词组常以动词,-,ing,形式做宾语,admit,advise,allow,avoid,consider,enjoy,escape,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,suggest,delay,deny,practice,cant help,cant stand,give up,keep on,carry on,put off,go on,succeed in,devote to,pay attention,look forward to,get down to,insist on,get used to,等,2),下列动词常以动词不定式做宾语,afford,agree,arrange,choose,decide,hope,expect,offer,promise,manage,fail,prepare,refuse,determine,plan,等等,3).,下列动词可以接动名词和不定式，意义没有大的差别,love,hate,like,dislike,begin,start,continue,prefer,4),下列动词接动名词和不定式时，意义有区别,forget/remember/regret to do,未做,forget/remember/regret doing,已经做,mean to do,mean,doing,try to do,设法去做,try doing,试着在做,【,考例,】,I cant imagine _ that with them,（,MET 1986,）,A.do B.to do,C.being done D.doing,She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined garden,（,1995,上海高考题,）,A.visit B.paying a visit,C.walk in D.walking in,解析：,考查短语动词,look forward to,后跟动名词作宾语的用法。,【,考例,】,Lets have a rest,Not now,I dont want to stop _ yet,（,MET 1985,）,A.study B.to study,C.for studying D.studying,解析：,stop studying,意为“停止学习”。,Let me tell you something about the journalists,Dont you remember _ me the story yesterday,？（,1999,上海高考题）,A.told B.telling,C.to tell D.to have told,解析,:,remember telling me,意为,“记得曾经告诉过我”。,