高考英语一轮复习 第十讲 定语从句课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,第十讲,定语从句,除了在语法填空中会考查定语从句外，在基础写作和读写,任务中正确恰当地运用定语从句也是作文得高分的关键。另外，,在阅读理解中正确理解定语从句也至关重要。,一、关系代词和关系副词的用法,关,系,关系词,who,whom,先行词,人,人,充当成分,主语,宾语,例句,This is the doctor who saved my life.,这就是,那个救了我生命,的医生。,She is the new student(whom)I want to introduce to you.,她是那个我想给你介绍的新生。,that,人、物,主语、宾语,Football is a game that is liked by many people.,足球是一项,许多人都喜爱的运动。,The man(that)you met just now is my friend.,你刚刚碰到的,那个人是我的朋友。,代,词,which,物,主语、宾语,Please pass me the book which is lying on the table.,请把桌上的那本书递给我。,The novel(which)Tom bought is very interesting.,汤姆买的那本小说很有趣。,as,whose,of,whom/,of which,物,人、物,主语、宾语,定语,The earth,as is known to all,is round.,众所周知，地球是圆,的。,The professor whose daughter teaches you English is,Dr.Williams,.,他是威廉姆斯教授，他的女儿教你英语。,关系词,先行词,充当成分,例句,关,系,副,词,when,at/,in/on/,durin,g which,时间,状语,Well never forget the day when the Peoples Republic of,China was founded.,我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立,的日子。,where,at,/in/to,which,地点,状语,This is the house where he lived.,这是他住过的房子。,why,for,which,原因,状语,I know the reason why she works so well.,我知道她工作出色的原因。,续表,二、关系词的选用,1,只,能用,th,at,作关系代词的,情况,(1),当先行词是,all,everything,anything,nothing,much,little,none,one,等不定代词时,(something,除外,),。,(2),当先行词被,all,every,no,some,any,little,much,等修饰,时。,(3),当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。,(4),如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物,时。,(5),当先行词被,the only,the last,the very,the same,等修饰时。,(6),在疑问词,who,which,what,开头的特殊疑问句,中，为了避,免重复只用,that,。,(7),当定语从句为,there be,句型时，关系代词只能用,that,，也,可以省略。,(8),当指人或物的关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，关系代,词只能用,that,，也可以省,略。,2,指,物只能用,wh,ich,不用,that,的情况,(1),在,非限制性定语从句,中。如：,St.Petersburg,which was once called Leningrad,is a very,beautiful city.,圣彼得堡是一座非常美丽的城市，它曾被称作“列宁格,勒”。,(2),在介词后面。如：,This is the room in which we lived last year.,这是我们去年住的那个屋子。,3,指,人时只能用,wh,o,不用,that,的情况,先行词为,one,ones,those,anyone,he,时。如：,Those who break the law must be punished.,那些违反法律的人必须受到惩罚。,4,as,与,which,as,与,which,均可引导非,限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，,但也存在区别。,(1),与,such,或,the same,连用时，一般用,as,。,(2)as,引导的从句可以放在句首，,as,表“正如,”,之意。,(3),当,as,在从句中作主语时，后面常接动词的被,动语态。,(4),当定语从句是否定句或表示否定时只能用,which,。,三、定语从句中的主谓一致,定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持,一致。如：,Dont choose me,who am not fit for this job.,别选我，我不适合这份工作。,