高中英语 语法过关名词性从句辅导课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,(,十,),名词性从句,一、主语从句,主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语，引导主语从句的词有,that,，,whether,，,who,，,what,，,which,，,whoever,，,whatever,，,whichever,，,when,，,where,，,why,，,how,等。,That she was chosen made us very happy.,What caused the accident is a complete mystery.,Whoever comes to the party will receive a present.,【,注,】,有时为了使句子结构平衡，避免“头重脚轻”，常用,it,作,形式主语，而把从句放在后面。,It depends on the climate whether they are going shopping,today.,二、表语从句,表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语，引导表语从句的词有,that,，,whether,，,who,，,what,，,which,，,whoever,，,whatever,，,whichever,，,when,，,where,，,why,，,how,，,because,等。,The reason is that you dont trust her.,This is where I disagree.,这一点是我所不同意的。,三、宾语从句,宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导宾语从句的词有,that,，,whether,，,if,，,who,，,what,，,which,，,whoever,，,whatever,，,whichever,，,when,，,where,，,why,，,how,等。宾语从,句一般放在动词、介词或形容词后。,She explained that she was late because of the heavy traffic.,【,注,】,有时要用,it,作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在句子的后面。,He has made it clear that he will not give in.,如,do you think/believe/suppose/expect/imagine,后接特殊疑问词,引导的宾语从句，疑问词要放在句首。,What do you think is going on outside?,I/We(dont)think/believe/suppose/expect/imagine,后接宾语从,句时，反义疑问句要与从句中的主语和谓语保持一致。,I dont suppose he cares,，,does he?,在宾语从句中，引导词,whether,和,if,基本一样，但介词后的宾语,从句多用,whether,。,It all depends upon whether we can get their cooperation.,动词,doubt,如用于肯定句，其后的宾语从句常用,if/whether,引导，如用于否定句或疑问句，则宾语从句用,that,引导。,I doubt if/whether our football team will win the match.,I dont doubt that I can defeat him in the contest.,四、同位语从句,在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从,句一般用,that,，,whether,，,who,，,which,，,what,，,where,，,when,，,why,，,how,等词引导，常放在,fact,，,news,，,idea,，,truth,，,hope,，,problem,，,information,等名词后面，用以说明,该名词的具体内容。,The news that they had won the game soon spread over the,whole school.,五、名词性从句的难点,1.,引导词,that,与,what,的区别,what,既有引导主语从句的作用，同时又在从句中作句子成分,(,主,语、宾语、表语等,),，这时,what,相当于,all that/everything that,等，常译成“所,的,(,东西、事情、话等,)”,；而,that,只起连接作,用，本身无实际意义，在从句中也不充当任何句子成分，但,that,引导的主语从句放在句首时，不能省略,that,。,What we cant get seems better than what we have.,That a new teacher will come to teach us geography is true.,2.,引导词,if,和,whether,的区别,if,和,whether,引导动词后面的宾语从句时一般可通用，但介词后,的宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句不能用,if,引导。,I dont care if/whether he will come to my party.,Whether she will go home or not is unknown.,The question is whether we can collect enough money.,3.,引导词,who,与,whoever,的区别,whoever,引导名词性从句时，相当于,anyone who,或,those who,，它,既是从句的主语，又是主句的主语。而,who,只作从句的主语，它,引导的从句才是主句的主语。,Whoever has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.,Who will be elected president doesnt make much difference to,me.,4.,引导词,what,与,whatever,的区别,whatever,引导名词性从句时，与,what,差不多，只是语气上更强,些，有“任何一切,”,之意。,It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or,she wants.,This is exactly what I want.,5.,同位语从句与定语从句的区别,同位语从句用于解释前面名词的内容，从句本身是一个非常完,整的句子，所以其前的名词在同位语从句中不作任何成分；定,语从句对其前的名词加以限制和修饰，从句本身不够完整，因,此其前的名词在定语从句中通常作主语、宾语或表语等成分。,I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him,very rich.,The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.,6.whoever,与,no matter who,；,whatever,与,no matter what,whoever,和,whatever,既可以引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语,从句；,no matter who,和,no matter what,只引导让步状语从句。,Whatever(,No matter what)you may think,，,Im going ahead,with my plans.,Take whatever you need and leave me alone.,7.,名词性从句的语序,名词性从句一律用陈述语序。,No one will be sure what man will look like in a million years.,没人知道百万年后人会是什么样子。,8.,名词性从句中的语气,(1),在,It is necessary/natural/important/strange.,that,从句中，,从句中的谓语动词用“,should,原形动词”表虚拟语气，且,should,可省略。,It is necessary that the problem should be settled at once.,(2),表示“建议、命令、要求”意义的动词，后接,that,从句时，从句,中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“,should,原形动词”，且,should,可省略。,Bobs doctor suggests that,he(should,)rest for a few days.,(3),表示“建议、要求、命令、想法”意义的名词，后接,that,从句,时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气：“,should,动词原形”，,should,可以省略。这类名词有：,advice,，,agreement,，,command,，,decision,，,demand,determination,，,order,，,preference,，,proposal,，,request,，,requirement,等。,This is our only request that this(should)be settled as soon as,possible.,同样，如主语是表示“建议、要求、命令、想法”意义的名词，,那么,that,引导的表语从句中也要用虚拟语气。,Her suggestion was that they(should)carry on their conversation,in French.,过关落实,1.,matters most in learning English is enough practice.,A.What,B.Why,C.Where,D.Which,解析：,what,引导的句子作主语，在从句中,what,作主语。,答案：,A,2.Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to,use it for.,A.what,B.why,C.how,D.whether,解析：,what,引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。,答案：,A,3.The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every,summer.Warm,sunshine and soft sands make _ it is.,A.what,B.which,C.how,D.where,解析：,what,引导宾语从句，在从句中作表语。,答案：,A,4.You can only be sure of _ you have at present,；,you,cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future.,A.that,；,what,B.what,；,/,C.which,；,that D./,；,that,解析：,what,引导宾语从句；,that,引导定语从句，在从句中作宾,语，可省略。,答案：,B,5.Why not try your luck downtown,，,Bob?Thats _ the,best jobs are.,A.where,B.what,C.when,D.why,解析：,由,“,downtown,”,可知，应该使用表地点的引导词,“,where,”,。,答案：,A,6.Having checked the doors were closed,，,and _ all the,lights were off,，,the boy opened the door to his bedroom.,A.why,B.that,C.when,D.where,解析：,and,连接两个宾语从句，第二个宾语从句的引导词,that,不,能省略。,答案：,B,7.The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is,“programmed”to make us do so.,A.when,B.why,C.whether,D.that,解析：,that,引导表语从句，不做任何句子成分，但一般不能省,略。,答案：,D,8.Its thirty years since we last met.,But I still remember the story,，,believe it or not,，,_ we,got lost on a rainy night.,A.which,B.that,C.what,D.when,解析：,此处,that,引导的句子作,the story,的同位语从句。,答案：,B,9._ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national,championships.,A.No,matter what,B.No,matter which,C.Whatever,D.Whichever,解析：,whichever,引导的句子在句中作主语，不能用,no matter,which,代替，因为后者只能引导让步状语从句。,答案：,D,10.Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class,_ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.,A.why,B.that,C.where,D.because,解析：,此处,that,引导的句子作,his reason,的同位语。,答案：,B,11._ different life is today from _ it used to be ten,years ago!,A.How,；,what,B.What,；,what,C.How,；,that,D.What,；,that,解析：,how,与形容词,different,构成感叹句；,what it used to,be.,作介词,from,的宾语。,答案：,A,12.Do you think it a must for me to try to do everything for my,children?,No,，,thats _ you are mistaken,；,they should do,something on their own.,A.where,B.when,C.so,D.how,解析：,“,那就是你错的地方,”,，,where,引导表语从句。,答案：,A,13.I was shocked by the news,，,which made me realize _,terrible problems we would face.,A.how,B.which,C.what,D.that,解析：,what terrible problems we would face,作,realize,的宾,语从句，,what,在从句中作,face,的宾语。,答案：,C,14.I was close to being killed the other,day.A,car passed me at,_ I thought was a dangerous speed.,A.as,B.which,C.what,D.that,解析：,what I thought was a dangerous speed,作,at,的宾语，,I,thought,是插入语，,what,在句中作主语。,答案：,C,15.I am lucky _ the thing I enjoy doing more is _,Ive ended up doing.,A.what,；,what,B.that,；,what,C.what,；,that,D.that,；,that,解析：,that,在状语从句中只起连接作用，不能作成分；,what,在,从句中作,end up doing,的宾语。此句要注意分析句子成分，明,确,that,在名词性从句和定语从句中所起的作用是不同的。,答案：,B,