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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第三节动词和动词短语,考点分类突破,考点十五单一动词词义辨析,【,真题再现,】,1,(2010,全国,)The workers _ the glasses and marked on each box“This Side Up”,A.carried,B.delivered,C.pressed D.packed,答案与解析:,D,句意:工人们把玻璃杯装箱,并给每个箱子贴上标签,写上“此面朝上”。,carry“,提,搬,运送,携带”;,deliver“,递送”;,press“,按,强迫”;,pack“(,把,),打包”。只有,pack,符合句意,因此答案为,D,项。,2,(2010,江西,)Parents _ much importance to education.They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.,A.attach B.pay,C.link D.apply,答案与解析:,A,句意:父母亲都非常重视教育。他们会尽自己最大的努力给予孩子们无价的馈赠。,attach much importance to“,非常重视,”,。,3,(2010,湖北,)Duty is an act or a course of action that people _ you to take by social customs,law or religion.,A.persuade B.request,C.instruct D.expect,答案与解析:,D,句意:责任是人们期望你按照社会习俗、法律或宗教所实施的一种行为或行为过程。选项中四个动词都可以跟动词不定式作其宾语补足语,但是意义差别很大。,A,项,persuade,sb,.to do,sth,.,是“说服某人做某事”;,B,项,request,sb,.to do,sth,.,是“要求某人做某事”;,C,项,instruct,sb,.to do,sth,.,是“指示某人做某事”;,D,项,expect,sb,.to do,sth,.,是“期望某人做某事”。根据句意,,D,项最合适。,4,(2010,天津,)He telephoned the travel agency to _ three air tickets to London.,A.order B.arrange,C.take D.book,答案与解析:,D,“订票”通常用动词,book,。,order,表示“订购,(,商品,)”,。,5,(2010,福建,)In this day and age,women can have children and jobs as well.,I cant agree more.Its great to have the two _.,A.linked B.related,C.connected D.combined,答案与解析:,D,句意:,在这个年代,妇女可以养育孩子,也可以有自己的工作。,我非常赞同,把这两者结合起来是非常好的。,combine“(,使,),结合,同时做”;,link“,连接”;,relate“,把,联系起来”;,connect“,使,连接,与,有关联”。故选,D,项。,6,(2010,四川,)Some people eat with their eyes.They prefer to order what _ nice.,A.looks B.smells,C.feels D.tastes,答案与解析:,A,look,为系动词,意为“看起来”。句意:有些人用眼选择东西吃,他们喜欢点看起来好的菜。,smell“,闻起来”,,feel“,摸起来”,,taste“,尝起来”。,【,考点诠释,】,动词词义辨析,动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词。有许多动词之间既有相同之处又有细微的区别,很多动词还一词多义,正确分辨其差异是解题的关键。设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词来测试考生在具体语境中对动词意义的理解和运用能力。在做动词词义辨析题时,要注意把动词本身的意义和具体的语境结合起来考虑,正确理解命题人的意图,以便做出正确的判断。,考点十六动词短语辨析,【,真题再现,】,1,(2010,江西,)Smell the flowers before you go to sleep,and you may just _ sweet dreams.,A.keep up with B.put up with,C.end up with D.catch up with,答案与解析:,C,句意:你在睡觉前闻一闻这些花,即可终得美梦。,keep up with“,跟上”,,put up with“,忍受”;,end up with“,以,告终”;,catch up with“,赶上”。,2,(2010,安徽,)No matter how low you consider yourself,there is always someone _ you wishing they were that high.,A.getting rid of B.getting along with,C.looking up to D.looking down upon,答案与解析:,C,句意:不管你多么看低自己,总有敬重你的人希望他们也,(,像你一样,),那么高尚。,look up to,表示“尊重,敬仰”。,get rid of,表示“摆脱”;,get along with,表示“与,和睦相处,进展”;,look down upon,表示“轻视,瞧不起”,都不符合句意。,3,(2010,湖北,)Had she _ her promise,she would have made it to Yale University.,A.looked up to B.lived up to,C.kept up with D.come up with,答案与解析:,B,句意:如果她达到了她许诺的标准,她就能成功上耶鲁大学了。,look up to,是“尊敬,敬仰”的意思;,live up to,是“符合,达到预期标准,不辜负,的希望”的意思;,keep up with,是“跟上,赶上”的意思;,come up with,是“提出,想出”的意思。,B,项符合题意。,【,考点诠释,】,在解答此类试题时,特别要注意以下几点:,(1),理解句子的意思;,(2),对于选项中的短语要牢记其含义,并且在句中能够正确地使用;,(3),对于容易混淆的短语,要从句型结构上去分析。,考点十七同一动词与不同介词或副词搭配的短语,【,真题再现,】,1,(2010,浙江,)After that,he knew he could _ any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.,A.get away with B.get on with,C.get through D.get across,答案与解析:,C,句意:在此之后,他知道只要尽全力就能成功应对一切紧急事件。,get through“,度过,(,艰难等,)”,,符合句意。,get away with,表示“偷走,受到从轻发落”;,get on with,表示“与,和睦相处”;,get across,表示“被传达,被理解”,都与句意不符。,2,(2010,陕西,)You look well.The air and the sea foods in,Sanya,must _ you,I suppose.,A.agree with B.agree to,C.agree on D.agree about,答案与解析:,A,句意:你看起来气色不错。我想,三亚的空气和海鲜肯定很适合你。,agree with,sb,.,表示“适应”,主语常为气候、食物等,符合语境。,agree to,sth,.,表示“同意某事,(,主语为单方,)”,;,agree on,和,agree about,意思基本一样,都表示“就,/,关于,取得了一致的意见”,主语为协商某件事情的双方或多方。,3,(2010,辽宁,)Thousands of people _ to watch yesterdays match against Ireland.,A.turned on B.turned in,C.turned around D.turned out,答案与解析:,D,turn on“,打开”;,turn in“,上交,归还”;,turn around“,转身,转换方向”;,turn out“,出席,(,某项活动,),,在场”。句意:成千上万的人到现场观看昨天与爱尔兰的那场比赛。根据句意选,D,项。,4,(2010,全国,)My mother opened the drawer to,_ the knives and spoons.,A.put away B.put up,C.put on D.put together,答案与解析:,A,打开抽屉的目的是把刀和调羹放进去。,put away,表示“把,收起来放好”。后三项分别表示“张贴”“穿上”“组合”,都不符合句意。,【,考点诠释,】,此类试题主要的特点是同一个动词,由于其后面所跟的介词或副词不同,意思完全不同。如关于,get,的短语有:,get along;get on;get to;get through;get in;get away;get off,,另外还有,get across“,被理解,使人了解”;,get around“,避开,逃避”;,get down to“,开始认真注意,(,或对待,),某事”;,get out of“(,使,),逃避,避免,摆脱”;,get over“,做完,结束,熬过”。,考点十八同一副词与不同动词的搭配,【,真题再现,】,1,(2010,山东,)Sam _ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.,A.brought up B.looked up,C.picked up D.set up,答案与解析:,C,由句意可知,,Sam,是在看别人用电脑的时候,无意间获得了一些电脑知识。表示“偶然学到的技能或知识”,要用,pick up,。,bring up“,提出,养育”;,look up“,查阅”;,set up“,树立,建立”。,2,(2010,四川,)Jenny was looking for a seat when,,,luckily,a man _ and left.,A.took up B.got up,C.shut up D.set up,答案与解析:,B,get up“,站起来”。句意:很幸运,詹妮找座位时,有个男的站起来离开了。,take up“,拿起,捡起,占去,(,地方、时间、注意力等,),,开始从事,(,一项事业、一种职业等,)”,;,shut up“,关闭,(,门、窗等,),,,(,使,),住口”;,set up“,开办,装配,建立”。,3,(2010,江苏,)The experiment has _ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet,but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.,A.found out B.pointed out,C.ruled out D.carried out,答案与解析:,C,句意:试验排除了那个星球上存在生命的可能,但是这并不意味着其他星球上没有生命。,rule out,表示“排除”。,find out,表示“查明”;,point out,表示“指出”;,carry out,表示“实行”,都与所给语境不符。,【,考点诠释,】,掌握这些短语,关键在平时。碰到某个短语,不妨把与其相关的短语联系起来。一般说来,短语的含义与短语中的副词有着密切的关系,不妨摸索一些针对介词或副词短语理解或记忆的规律。如:,off,表示“离开”,所以就有,keep off(,使离开,不接近,),,,set off(,动身前往,),,,take off(,起飞,),。由“离开”之意又可引申为“,(,使,),消失,消除,解除”,如,call off(,取消,),,,lay off(,停止工作或活动,暂时解雇,),。由“消失”等意又进一步引申出“,(,使,),结束,完结”,如,cut off(,切断,),,,turn off(,关闭,),等。,此类试题的错误率是比较高的,主要是因为考生没能掌握短语的意思。在平时的练习中应注意以下几点:,(1),对这类动词短语进行分类归纳;,(2),在具体的语言环境中多运用这类动词短语,就能够很快地掌握它们。,
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