高考英语 专题复习-代词课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Welcome,you,代词,we,高考语法专项 代词,考点解读,一 考纲要求,课程标准,要求代词部分应掌握以下内容：,（,1,）在整体把握各类代词基本用法的基础上，重点掌握不定代词，以及代词,it,的用法及区别；,（,2,）能在真实的语言环境中正确理解并运用。,二 命题规律,（,1,）代词的种类多样，用法各异。加之学生在学习英语的过程中容易犯漏用代词，误用代词的错误，因此代词，一直是历年高考考察的要点。,（,2,）近几年来，高考中代词的的考察点仍集中在不定代词上。考察角度有两个：一是考察他们在特定结构中的用法；二是考察不定代词在特殊语境中的意义和功能差别。,（,3,）试题常设置情境干扰，注重特定语言环境中上下文的联系，而且题干的语义结构复杂，注重与其他相关语法知识相结合，正确把握句意，分析句式结构在解题中起很重要的作用。,三 解题技巧,在解答代词题目时，我们首先分析前后文，明确代词所指代的对象，从而避免误判，具体做法是：,（,1,）代词指代的是人还是物；,（,2,）代词指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词；,（,3,）代词指代的概念是特指还是泛指,（,4,）代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上之间；,（,5,）代词所表示的是肯定还是否定概念。,四 代词的定义和种类,（,1,）定义：代词是用来代替名词以避免重复的词。,（,2,）种类：,单数,复数,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,第一人称,第二人称,第三人陈,人称代词,主格,I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they,宾格,me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them,物主代词,形容词性,my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their,名词性,mine,yours,his,her,its,ours,yours,theirs,反,(,自,),身代词,myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves,指示代词,this,that,these.those,相互代词,宾格,each other,one another,所有格,each others,one anothers,不定代词,可数,each,one,many,(a)few,both,another,either,neither,不可数,much,(a)little,可数,/,不可数,all,some,none,such,any,other,复合不定代词,anybody,anyone,anything,somebody,someone,something,nobody,nothing,everybody,everyone,everything,疑问代词,who,whom,whose,which,what,连接代词,who(ever),whom(ever),whose(ever),which(ever),what(ever),关系代词,who,whom,whose,which,that,as,常考点清单一,人称代词 物主代词和疑问代词,一 人称代词,人称代词单独使用时，一般不用主格而用宾格。,Eg,.Glad to meet you.,Me too.,随堂练习（代词填空）,:,Susan,go and join your sister cleaning the yard.,Why_(,为什么非让,我,去做,),？,John is sitting here doing nothing,me,二 物主代词,（,1,）物主代词即人称代词的所有格形式，它可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,单数,复数,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,物主代词,形容词性,my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their,名词性,mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs,句子翻译：,这支笔是她的。,This pen is,her pen,.,This pen is,hers,.,结论：形容词性物主代词,+,名词,=,名词性物主代词,（,2,）,He is,a friend of my fathers,.,他是我爸爸的一个朋友。,双重所有格形式：名词,+of+,名词性物主代词,随堂练习（物主代词填空）,:,(1)_(,他的,)father is an engineer.,(2)That car of _,（我的）,is always breaking down.,(3)His dictionary is much thicker than _(,你的,).,(4)I know each brother of _(,她的,).,His,mine,yours,hers,三 疑问代词,(1)what,和,which,的区别,what,是在未知范围内或在一个相当大而不明确的范围内选择；后面可跟,else,。,which,是在范围较小或明确的范围内进行选择,(ABC,之间选择,),；后面可以跟,of,短语。,Eg,.,Which is the biggest animal on land,the panda,the tiger or the elephant,?,What is the biggest animal,on land,?,随堂练习（,what,和,which,填空）：,(1)Therearemanykindsoftelevisionsintheshop,Idontknow_tochoose.,(2)_ color do you like,black or white?,(3)_else was at the party?,(4)_of your teacher do you like best?,what,which,What,Which,(2)whatever,whichever,whoever,与,what,，,which,，,who,的异同,whatever,whichever,whoever,分别是,what,which,who,的强调形式，相当于,what/which/who on earth(in the world,）意为：到底（究竟）什么,/,哪一个,/,谁。,eg,.Whatever do you want?,你想要什么？,Readwhatever/whatyoulike.,你爱读什么就读什么。,whatever,whichever,whoever,可引导让步状语从句，,what,which,who,不可。,eg,.whateveryoumaysay,Illstilltrytodoit.,不管你怎么说，我还是要试一试。,who,和,whoever,在引导名词性从句的区别：,whoever,是表示任何一个人,无范围可言,相当于,anyone who,；,who,虽然也可以引导名词性从句,但它常保留本身疑问的含义,是指具体的人或物。,eg,.,whoever,leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.,who,will give us a talk is unknown to us all.,高考链接,(2009,海南,24)Could I speak to,is in charge of International Sales please?,A.who B.what C.whoever D.whatever,常考点清单二 不定代词,一,both,all,either,any,neither,none,，,each,，,every,都,任何,都不,每一,两者,both+,复,数可数名词,+,谓语（,复,数）,either+,可数名词,单,数,+,谓语（,单,数）,neither+,可数名词,单,数,+,谓语（,单,数）,each+,可数名词,单,数,+,谓语（,单,数）,三者或三者以上,all+,可数名词,复,数,+,谓语（复数）,all+,不可数,名词,+,谓语（,单数,）,any+,可数名词,单,数,+,谓语（单数）,eg,.Any question is ok.,none,（,of,）,+,可数名词,复,数,+,谓语（复数,/,单数）,none,（,of,）,+,不可数,名词,+,谓语（,单,数）,each/every+,可数名词,单,数,+,谓语（,单,数）,二 部分否定和全部否定,部分否定：当,not,与表,全体,完全意义,的代词：,all,both,every+,名词连用时，无论,not,出现在什么位置，都表示部分否定；,eg,.Not all the ants go out for the food.,并非所有的蚂蚁都出外觅食。,All that glitters is not gold.,闪光的未必都是金子。,全部否定,:,not/never+,（,either,，,any,），,neither,none,，,no+,名词,(nobody,nothing,no one).,eg,.All of the boys are clever,but none of them can work out this problem.,高考链接：,（,1,）（,2008,全国,30,）,which of the two computer games did you prefer?,Actually I didnt like _.,A.both of them B.either of them C.none of them D.neither of,（,2,）（,2008,天津,5,）,To know more about the British Museum,you can use the Internet or go to the library,or _.,A.neither B.some C.all D.both,（,3,）（,2010,重庆,23,）,He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _of them again.,A.neither B.either C.each D.all,（,4,）（,2009,陕西,10,）,Jane was asked a lot of questions,but she didnt answer_ of them.,other B.any C.none D.some,（,5,）（,2010,天津,6,）,_ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.,A.Anything B.Nothing C.Everything D.Something,考点自测（用,none,，,nothing,，,no one,，,nobody,填空）：,(1,),How many people are there in the room?,_.,(2),Who is in the room?,_.,(3),Is there anyone in the room?,_.,(4),Is there any person in the room?,_.,(5),I need some students to help me to carry the tools for experiment,but there is_.,三,none,nothing,no one(no body),的用法区别,none,（,of,）,nothing,no one(no body),特指,泛指,泛指,人,/,物,物,人,没有某个,/,类人或者某个,/,类物,没有东西,没有人,常回答,how many,how much,引导的疑问句,常回答,what,引导的疑问句,常回答,who,引导的疑问句,与前面的,some/any/every,+,名词连用,与前面的,something/anything/everything,连用,与前面的,someone/somebody/everybody/anybody/anyone,连用,(1)-How much money do you have?,-None.,(3)If I had some money,I would lend him some,but unfortunately,I have none.,(2)-What are you doing now?,-Nothing.,考点自测（用,none,，,nothing,，,no one,，,nobody,填空）：,(1,),How many people are there in the room?,_.,(2),Who is in the room?,_.,(3),Is there anyone in the room?,_.,(4),Is there any person in the room?,_.,(5),I need some students to help me to carry the tools for experiment,but there is_.,None,None,none,No one/Nobody,No one/Nobody,高考链接,（,1,）,(2008,浙江,9)Id like some more cheese.,Sorry,，,theres,left.,A.some B.none C.a little D.few,(2),(2008,福建,21)How do you find your new classmates?,Most of them are kind,，,but_ is so good to me as Bruce.,A.none B.no one C.every oneD.some one,四,one,ones,the one,the ones,that,those,用法区别,one,ones,the one,the ones,that,those,泛指,泛指,特指,特指,特指,特指,单数名词,复数名词,单数名词,复数名词,单数名词,/,不可数名词,复数名词,常定语从句中充当先行词,eg,.My most famous relative of all,the one,(=the relative)who really left his mark on America,was Red,Russel,my grand-grandfather.,后常接介词短语，表范围,eg,.The weather in,Tianjin,is much colder than,that,of Hunan.,高考链接,（,1,）（,2010,山东,32,）,Helping others is a,habit,_you,can learn even at an early age.,A.it B.that C.what D.one,(2),（,2010,陕西,12,）,The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city.,A.that B.this C.it D.one,(3)(2009,宁夏、海南,33)One of the most important questions they had to consider was,_,of public health,A.what B.this C.that D.which,(4)(2008,全国,33)The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from,spoken in England.,A.which B.what C.that D.the one,(5)(2005,天津,15)I prefer a flat in Inverness,to _in,Perth,，,because I want to live near my Moms.,A.oneB.that C.it D.this,高考链接,（,1,）（,2010,安徽,21,）,You are a team star!Working with_ is really your cup of tea.,A.both B.either C.others D.the other,（,2,）（,2010,全国,12,）,Neither side is prepared to talk to _unless we can smooth things over between them.,A.others B.the other C.another D.one other,（,3,）,(2009,山东,23)I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face _ day like that.,A.other B.another C.the other D.others,五,one,another,the other,some,others,the others,用法区别,一个,/,一些,另一个,/,一些,剩余的一个,/,一些,单数,one,another,the other,复数,some,others,the others,泛指,特指,常考点清单三,it,用法,一 指代时间，距离，自然现象等。,二 指代前面所提到过的事物，群体，想法，性别不明或者性别被认为不重要的人或动物，未指明但谈话双方都明白的事物或情况。,三,it,可以做形式主语或者形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面；真正的主语或宾语往往由从句，动名词，不定式充当。比如：,It is/was no good/use doing,sth,四 强调句型,It is/was+,被强调部分,+that/who+,其他成分。,Is/Was it+,被强调部分,+that/who+,其他成分？,特殊疑问词,+is/was it+,被强调部分,+that/who+,其他成分？,高考链接（,2010,安徽,27,）,It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.,A.where B.that C.when D.which,五 几个与,it+,时间相关的固定句型辨析,（,1,）,It+be+,段时间,+,（,2,）,It+be+,点时间,+,that,（强调句型）,before,(,主将从先,),since,(,主句时态为一般现在时或者现在完成时，从句时态是一般过去时,),that,(,强调句型 点时间前带有介词,),when,(,当某人做某事时，时间是,.),高考链接,（,1,）,(2010,湖南,25,）,Johns success has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work,has made him what he is today.,A.why B.when C.which D.that,（,2,）,(2009,四川,3)I,like this house with a beautiful garden in front.but I dont have enough money to buy,.,A.one B.it C.this D.that,（,3,）（,2010,陕西,20,）,John thinks it wont be long,he is ready for his new job.,A.when B.after C.before D.since,Thank You!,