新视野大学英语第三册读写教程PPt-B3-U2-A.ppt

Iron and Effects of ExerciseProblemAnalysisSolutionEvaluationThe whole essay is written in a typical problem-analysis-solution-evaluation pattern.I.Structure AnalysisI.Structure AnalysisPart I Part I(Para.1-3)(Para.1-3)CentralTopic:Supportingdetails:Exercise,even moderate exercise,may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.A new study is cited to support the topic.Text StudyStructure AnalysisPart II Part II(Para.4-6)(Para.4-6)Effect(Para.4):Iron deficiency is very common among women.Cause1(Para.5)Cause2(Para.6)(AstoCause&Effectwriting,pleasegotoStructureWriting)Text StudyStructure AnalysisText StudyStructure AnalysisPart III Part III(Para.7-12)(Para.7-12)3stagesofirondeficiency(Para.7-8)Checkirondeficiency(Para.9)Suggestedwaystocorrectirondeficiency(Para.10-12)II.Understanding Main ideasII.Understanding Main ideasText StudyUnderstandingThetextlooksintothequestionofironandhowexercisecanaffectitslevelsinthehumanbody.Withthehelpofthegivenhintsandaccordingtothetext,useyourownwordstoelaboratetherelevantpoints.Main Idea of Part I(Para 1-3)Main Idea of Part I(Para 1-3)Threegroupsofpeoplewhoarelikelytosufferfromirondeficiency1.Enduranceathletes,particularlyfemales(Para.1)2.Inactivewomenwhostartedaprogramofmoderateexercise(Para.2)3.Thenewexerciserswhofollowedtheirnormaldiet(Para.3)Text StudyUnderstandingMain Idea ofMain Idea of Part II(Para.4-6)Part II(Para.4-6)takein;only2/3oftherecommendeddailyallowanceiron loss1.Too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in;2.Womens monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss;3.Many women increase their risk of iron loss by rejecting red meat;4.Women are liable to experience a deficiency as a result of restricting their diet in weight control 4generalcausesforirondeficiency(Para4-6):Text StudyUnderstandingMain Idea ofMain Idea of Part III(Para.7-12)Part III(Para.7-12)3stagesofirondeficiency(Para.7-8)Stage 1symptomsStage 2Stage 3+fatigue and poor performanceoften feel weak,tired and out of breathText StudyUnderstandingCheckirondeficiency(Para.9)checkingthebloodproteinadifferentcompoundSuggestedwaystocorrectirondeficiency(Para.10)+iron-richfoodsBest sources of irons?Main Idea ofMain Idea of Part III(Para.7-12)Part III(Para.7-12)meat,chicken,fishbeansleafy green vegetablesdatessupplementsText StudyUnderstandingSuggestedwaystocorrectirondeficiency(Para 12)+NoYesNoMain Idea ofMain Idea of Part III(Para.7-12)Part III(Para.7-12)iron-addedcerealsor Yesceramic cooking potironpan+or III.Summary III.Summary Text StudySummaryItisnotinfrequentforthebodiesofenduranceathletestobedeficientiniron.Inparticular,femaleathletesoftenhavethisproblem.Even_exercisecancausetheproblem.Astudyindicatedthatformerly_womenshoweda_inironlevels.Irondeficiency_manywomen,includingexercisingwomen,health-_women,etc.moderateinactivedecreaseaffectsconsciousThereare_stagesofirondeficiency.However,mostpeoplewithlowiron_dontknowtheyhaveadeficiency.Soitsadvisableforpeopletohavea_bloodtest.Inaddition,peoplearesuggestedto_theirdietortake_suchasaddingmore_ foods.III.Summary III.Summary Text StudySummary3reservesyearlymodifysupplementsiron-rich1.But the new exercisers who followed their normal diet showed a decrease in iron levels.(L11)But those women who began a program of exercise while going on with their diet as usual showed adecrease in iron levels.IV.Focus StudyIV.Focus Study但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食谱的人则显示出铁但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食谱的人则显示出铁含量降低。含量降低。”2.Plus,many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat (L19)In addition,many women who care much about their health refuse to eat red meat such as beef and mutton and thus increase the danger of losing iron 此外，许多保健意识太强的女性也很危险，此外，许多保健意识太强的女性也很危险，因为她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉因为她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉3.And because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight,they may not consume enough iron-rich food,and are liable to experience a deficiency.(L22)And because women often limit their food,trying to control weight,they may not eat enough food containing much iron,and therefore are likely to have less iron than necessary.而且，由于女性常常为了控制体重而节食，从而未能而且，由于女性常常为了控制体重而节食，从而未能摄取足够的含铁丰富的食物，结果可能导致缺铁。摄取足够的含铁丰富的食物，结果可能导致缺铁。4.For a woman who already has a poor iron status,any additional iron loss from exercise may be enough to tip her over the edge into a more serious deficiency (L27)For a woman who is already lack of iron,any additional iron loss from exercise may be enough to bring about a more serious deficiency tip over the edge:bring about a noticeable change对于那些对于那些已经缺铁已经缺铁的女性，任何因锻炼而产生的更的女性，任何因锻炼而产生的更多铁离子流失都足以多铁离子流失都足以导致导致导致导致体内缺铁状况的恶化。体内缺铁状况的恶化。5.and exercise performance is severely compromised.(L38)运动成绩大打折扣。运动成绩大打折扣。becompromised=beaffectedseverely=badlyNotes to the TextFocus Study6.Theironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreehoursshowedastrikingincrease,the level going up nearly 30 times.(L67)absolutestructure独立结构usedtoaddmoreinformationtotheobject“astrikingincrease”consume vt.(L10)1.eatordrink2.use,esp.inlargeamountsV.Words&PhrasesV.Words&PhrasesWords and ExpressionsWord UsingassumepresumeHis old car consumed much gasoline.(.耗油很多。耗油很多。)This is time-consuming work.(需要时间的工作需要时间的工作.)Use ItUse It假定假定推测推测派生词派生词 consumption consumer n.近形词近形词近形词近形词TranslationamultiplevitaminandmineralsupplementaspecialsupplementtoamonthlyfinancialmagazineThemoneytheygetfromfruit-pickingisoftenasupplementtoincomesearnedinthetown.复合维生素和矿物质复合维生素和矿物质补剂补剂一份金融月刊的一份金融月刊的特别增刊特别增刊他们靠采摘水果所得的钱常常是城里所挣收他们靠采摘水果所得的钱常常是城里所挣收入的入的补贴补贴。supplement n.(L10)Words and ExpressionsWord Usingrespectively ad.(L14)separatelyintheordermentioned同根词同根词同根词同根词respective:respectful:respectable:respecting:Practice (对某人对某人/某物某物表示尊重表示尊重)恭敬的恭敬的;尊敬的尊敬的,有礼貌的有礼貌的(与与“尊重尊重”无关无关)各自的各自的;分别的分别的值得尊敬的值得尊敬的,受人尊敬的受人尊敬的,高尚的高尚的(prep.)关于；由于，关于；由于，鉴于鉴于respectiverespectfulrespectablerespectingBlank FillingBlank Filling1.Theylistenedin_silence.2.Hewasbornina_family.3.Theseareproblems_populationcontrol.4.Theybecamesuccessfulintheir_fields.5._theheavyrain,wehadtoputoffthematch.6.The older generation are _ of tradition.7.Heisa_professorandweare_.respectfulrespectablerespectingWords and ExpressionsWord UsingrespectiveRespectingrespectfulrespectablerespectfulWords and ExpressionsWord Usingratio,rate n.(L14)e.g.e.g.ration.+of/toafigureshowingthenumberoftimesonequantitycontainsanother,usedtoshowtherelationshipbetweentwoamounts比，比率，比例Theratioof10to5is2to1.Theratioofnursingstafftodoctorsis2:1.MOREMOREWords and ExpressionsWord Usingratio,rate n.(L14)e.g.e.g.raten.+ofaquantitysuchasvalue,cost,orspeed,measuredbyitsrelationtosomeotheramount比率Wedroveatasteadyrate.Thebirthrateisthenumberofbirthscomparedtothesizeofthepopulation.Thedrughasahighsuccessrateincuringthedisease.他们为了消除蝗灾正设法把十万只母鸡运往家乡。他们为了消除蝗灾正设法把十万只母鸡运往家乡。Theyweretryingtotransportonehundredthousandhenstotheirhometowninanefforttowipeouttheplagueoflocusts.9.9.为了为了in an effort to(do sth.)(L.23)为了为了e.g.e.g.毫不费力毫不费力勇敢地做某事勇敢地做某事下功夫做某事下功夫做某事withoutefforttodosth.byaneffortofwilltomakeefforttodosth.u Phrases with“effort”Phrases with“effort”不仔细调查研究，你就会得出错误结论。Withoutcarefulinvestigation,you_.上一页上一页tobelikelylikelyto可能；有可能；有倾向倾向tobeliableto(L.24)TranslationTranslationare liableto come to a wrong conclusion派生词派生词 liability (n.)Words and ExpressionsWord Usingallowancen.(L26)the amount allowed or granted sth.such as money,given at regular intervals or for a specific purposeMost of our flights have a baggage allowance of 20kg per passenger.The manager traveled on business with an allowance that covered hotel and restaurant bills.MOREMORETranslationTranslation我们的大多数航班我们的大多数航班容许容许每位旅客免费带每位旅客免费带20公斤行李。公斤行李。这位经理出差时有包括食宿的这位经理出差时有包括食宿的补贴补贴。Words and ExpressionsWord Using随汗液流失随汗液流失/埋头工作沉思不胜惊奇埋头工作沉思不胜惊奇TranslationTranslation我们大家都被眼前的美景所吸引。我们大家都被眼前的美景所吸引。tobelostinsweat/oneswork/thought/amazement(L30)Wewerealllostinadmirationofthebeautybeforeoureyes.Words and ExpressionsWord Usingcompromise v.(L38)TranslationTranslation你如果与这些人交往就会损害你的好名声。你如果与这些人交往就会损害你的好名声。他们拒绝同恐怖分子做交易，以免原则受到损害。他们拒绝同恐怖分子做交易，以免原则受到损害。Youwillcompromiseyourgoodnameifyouassociatewiththesepeople.Theyrefusedtocompromisetheirprinciplesbydoingadealwiththeterrorists.KeyKey1)expose somebody or something to danger 连累连累,危及危及Words and ExpressionsWord Usingcompromise v.(L38)TranslationTranslation他拒绝他拒绝放弃放弃原则。原则。政府是否准备向工人就其工资要求进行政府是否准备向工人就其工资要求进行妥协妥协呢呢?经过一番讨论后我们在贸易问题上达成了经过一番讨论后我们在贸易问题上达成了妥协妥协。KeyKeyHerefusedtocompromisehisprinciples.Isthegovernmentpreparedtocompromisewiththeworkersovertheirpaydemand?Aftersomediscussionwereachwereachacompromiseonthetrade.2)settle by concession 妥协妥协,折衷折衷 compromisewithsb.on/oversth.Words and ExpressionsWord Usingsufficient adj.(L46)enoughe.g.e.g.Thereisnosufficientevidencetoshowthatheisguilty.近形词近形词近形词近形词派生词派生词 sufficiently (ad.)sufficiency(n.)近形词近形词 efficient 有效率的有效率的 （efficiency n.)反意词反意词 insufficient (a.)throwup(L57)vomit;besick Words and ExpressionsWord UsingTranslationTranslation这强烈的气味使我呕吐了。Thestrongsmellmademethrowup.KeyKeyMore PhrasesMore Phrasesthrowaway放弃，丢掉；放弃，丢掉；throwout否决，不接受；否决，不接受；throwover放弃，跟（某人）吹了放弃，跟（某人）吹了Words and ExpressionsWord Usingderivefrom(L66)obtain(especiallyafeelingoranadvantage)frome.g.e.g.Heisoneofthosepeoplewhocanderivepleasurefrom helpingothers.有些人有些人从从帮助他人中帮助他人中得到得到快乐，他便快乐，他便是其中之一。是其中之一。Words and ExpressionsWord Usingderivefrom comefromTranslationTranslationThetownderivesitsnamefromtheriveronwhichitwasbuilt.这个市镇沿河而建，这个市镇沿河而建，由此得由此得名名。KeyKey近形词近形词近形词近形词deprive:takeawayfrom剥削，夺去剥削，夺去deprivesb./sth.ofsth.Words and ExpressionsWord Usinginterferewith (L70)preventsth.orslowdowntheprogress touchorchangesth.withoutpermissionTranslationTranslation很多人认为科学家不该做很多人认为科学家不该做干涉干涉大自然的事。大自然的事。Manypeoplefeelthatscientistsshouldntinterferewithnature.KeyKeyinterferewith ComparisonComparisoninterfereine.g.e.g.Ihaveneverinterfered inhisaffair.我从不干预干预他的事。interfereinsth.指别人未请而自己主动参与指别人未请而自己主动参与interferewithsth.指阻碍事情发生指阻碍事情发生Words and ExpressionsWord Using1.Iturned down the radio lest it should interfere _ his lessons.2.We have no right to interfere _ the internal affairs of other countries.3.Every time the telephone rings it interferes interferes _ my work.with in with Words and ExpressionsWord Usingremedy v./n.(L74)v.correctorimproveasituation n.asolutiontoaproblem;acureforpainorminorillnessTranslationTranslationEffortsto remedythisfaultmustbeginrightaway.Warmthisthe best remedyforacold.要立即要立即纠正纠正这个错误。这个错误。热疗是治疗感冒最好的热疗是治疗感冒最好的方法方法。KeyKey运动医学专家运动医学专家asportsmedicineexpert耐力运动员耐力运动员耐力运动耐力运动缺铁缺铁anenduranceathleteenduranceexerciseirondeficiency/ironlossironsupplements铁离子补充剂铁离子补充剂womenofchild-bearingage育龄女性育龄女性含铁丰富含铁丰富/加铁的食品加铁的食品iron-richfood;iron-addedfood;foodwithfortifiedironWords and Expressions E to CVIVI.English to Chinese.English to Chinese(To be continued)消化系统消化系统digestivesystem血管血管疲劳疲劳血蛋白分子血蛋白分子bloodvesselfatiguemoleculesofbloodproteinironreserve铁离子储量铁离子储量bloodtest验血验血physician内科医生内科医生surgeon外科医生外科医生substance物质物质Words and Expressions E to C(To be continued)适度的锻炼适度的锻炼 反弹反弹四人中有一人四人中有一人多达，直到多达，直到 吸入，吞入吸入，吞入而且有保健意识的而且有保健意识的 羊肉、牛肉羊肉、牛肉有有.倾向的倾向的 呼吸急促，气喘吁吁呼吸急促，气喘吁吁大打折扣大打折扣 长跑运动员长跑运动员 验血验血铁锅铁锅 弥补不足弥补不足 moderateexercisemoderateexercisebouncebackbouncebackoneinfouroneinfouruptouptotakeintakeinplushealth-consciousplushealth-consciousredmeatredmeatbeliabletobeliabletooutofbreathoutofbreathbeseverelycompromisedbeseverelycompromisedlongdistancerunnerslongdistancerunnersbloodtestbloodtestironpotironpotremedythedeficiencyremedythedeficiency iron deficiency(L13)reduced iron in the blood (L3)iron loss(L6)a decrease in iron levels(L12)缺铁的几种表达方式缺铁的几种表达方式 Structure WritingStructure Writing Practical WritingPractical WritingFromeffectbacktocausesFromcausetoeffectsI.Structure WritingI.Structure Writing1.Structure Analysis1.Structure AnalysisCauseandeffectisoneofthemostcommonlyusedwritingtechniques.Therearetwotypes:WritingStructure Writing2.Sample Paragraph2.Sample ParagraphWritingStructure WritingIrondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomeningeneral,Lylesays,that“toomanywomenignoretheamountofirontheytakein”.Womenofchildbearingageareatgreatestrisk,sincetheirmonthlybleedingisamajorsourceofironloss.Plus,manyhealth-consciouswomenincreasetheirriskbyrejectingredmeat,.Andbecausewomenoftenrestricttheirdietinanefforttocontrolweight,theymaynotconsumeenoughiron-richfood,andareliabletoexperienceadeficiency.EffectCauses3.Tips for writing3.Tips for writingWriteaneffect.Offersomecauses.WritingStructure WritingorWriteancause.Offersomeeffects.4.Your Task4.Your TaskWriteaparagraphwithCause&Effectmethod.Topic:1.Humanpopulationhasincreasedrapidly.(fromeffecttocauses)2.Theknowledgeeconomybringsalotofbenefitstoacountry.(fromcausestoeffects)WritingStructure WritingForyourreferenceFrom effect back to causesSampleHuman population has increased rapidly.Therearetwomajorreasonsforthisrapidgrowthofpopulationinmoderntimes.First,theindustrialandagriculturalrevolutions,startingin1650,ledtoincreasesinsuppliesoffoodandothernecessitiessothatabiggerpopulationcanbesustained.Second,theemergenceofmodernmedicine,startingin1850,enabledpeopletolivelongerandhealthierlivesandproducedmorechildren.Thesetworeasonsshowwhyhumanpopulationincreasesalot.WritingStructure Writing(For reference)From effect to causes(For reference)From effect to causesThe knowledge economy brings a lot of benefits to a country.Comparedtootherformsofeconomicactivity,theknowledgeeconomyisenergy-savingandenvironment-friendly.Italsoaccountsforagrowingpercentageofeachcountrysgrossdomesticproduct,aswellasprovidingjobsformoreandmorepeople.Inaddition,itcanhelpraisetheoverallqualityofacountryslaborforceandtrainingmorespecializedpersonnel.(For reference)From cause to effects(For reference)From cause to effectsWritingStructure Writing