新非谓语动词.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,语法,infinitive,不定式的结构形式,语态,形式,主动,被动,一般式,完成式,进行式,完成进行式,to do,to be done,to have done,to have been done,to be doing,to have,been doing,否定形式,not to do,infinitive,不定式的用法,1.It is right,to give up,smoking.,2.She wanted,to borrow,my bike.,3.I came here,to see,you.,4.He needs a room,to live in,.,5.I asked him,to do,the work with me.,6.My wish is,to become,a doctor.,主语,宾语,状语,定语,宾补,表语,(1),作主语,不定式短语,作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用,it,作形式主语。,To see is,to believe,To give up smoking is right.,It,is right,to give up,smoking.,Its foolish,(of you),to do that.,Its impossible,(for you),to finish all.,不定式作表语,1.,主语是不定式,(,表示条件,),，表语也是不定式,(,表示结果,),To see is to believe.,To work means to earn a living.,2.,主语是以,aim,duty,hope,idea,happiness,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish,等为中心的名词，或以,what,引导的名词性从句，不定式表语对主语起补充说明作用,His wish is,to buy a car in the near future,.,What I want to say is,to get rid of the plan forever.,不定式作宾语,有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带,to,的不定式；另一种是“动词疑问词带,to,的不定式”,1.,动词带,to,的不定式结构,能跟动词不定式的动词，常见的有：,want,like,prefer,try,ask,afford,agree,determine,expect,fail,hope,intend,manage,mean(,想要,),offer(,表示愿意做,),pretend,promise,refuse,seek(,试图,),undertake,wish(,想要,),等。,I expect to see you tomorrow.,He offered to help me with my English.,2.,动词疑问代,(,副,),词不定式,常见的有：,advise,decide,discuss,find out,forget,know,learn,remember,see,teach,tell,think,understand,wonder,等。疑问代,(,副,),词有,what,when,where,which,how,whether,等，但不包括,why,，,He does not know how to go there,when to speak before us.,who(m)to visit.,which one to choose.,You can decide whether to go or stay here.,when to see a doctor.,3,.,有时不定式,用,i,t,来代替，而把不定式放到后面,He makes,it,a rule,to,take a walk before breakfast,.,I think,it,interesting,to play football.,She considers it important,to make friends.,4.,有时,THERE,和,TO BE,连用表示“有”或“存在,(,某情况,),”,等,It is impossible for there to be any more.,I expect there to be no argument about this.,He,asked me,to do the work,with,him,但是在,feel,hear,listen to,look at,notice,observe,see,watch,have,1et,make,等词后的补足语中，不定式不带,to,。,但变成被动语态时,被省的,to,必须加上。,e.g.When they were young,he often made his little sister,cry,but now he is made,to do,this or that by his sister.,作宾语补足语,不定式作定语,不定式作定语修饰名词或代词时后置,I have something to tell you.,如果不定式动词是不及物动词，要在动词后加上相应的介词,:,I had got no place to live,in,.,That girl has nothing to worry,about,.,She has four children to look,after,.,I need some paper to write on.,I want a pen to write with.,2.,所修饰的名词前有,the first/last/next,the only,the best,the most,等序数词或最高级等修饰语时，用不定式作定语。,不定式修饰,something,anything,nothing,.,I want something,to read,.,He is the only person to know the truth.,作状语,:,表示目的,结果或原因等,.,1.,表目的,:,常用的结构有,:to do/in order to/so as to,To catch the bus,I have to get up early.,She checked the names carefully so as to avoide mistakes.,In order to arrive before dark,we started early.,2.,表示结果,The boy is old enough to go to school.,She went home very late,only(just)to find everything stolen.,(,与,only,连用，表示意外的不好的结果）,还有固定搭配表示结果：,so,as to;such,as to,;enough to,;too,to,We have,so much food,as to treat our guests,.,Is that room,big,enough to seat all of us,?,He is,too young to fit that job,.,3.,表示原因,:,不定式用来说明产生这种,情绪,的原因,用于此结构有,:happy,lucky,sorry,anxious,proud,disappointed,angry,surprised,ready,delighted,clever,foolish,pleased,fortunate,right,等,.,Its very kind of you,to say so,.,I am pretty pleased,to hear the news,。,Im sorry,to interrupt you,.,They are quite surprised,to see the great changes.,敌人除了投降,surrender,之外，别无出路。,The enemy can do nothing but_.,The enemy had nothing to choose but _.,除了看小说之外，他还喜欢别的吗？,What does he like to do besides _ novels?,What does he like besides _ novels?,surrender,to surrender,read,to,read,当介词,but,except,besides,前面有实义动词,do,时，不定式在介词之后可以省去,to,。,不定式的省略,1,.-Would you mind looking after my cat?,-Id be happy to.,2.,补语时,The boy wanted to ride his bike,but his mother told him not to.,3.,某些动词后,(like,love,hope,wish,mean,try),-will you go to the theatre?,-sorry,I dont want to.,4.,某些固定用法,(ought to,have to,used to,be going to),-why didnt you come yesterday?,-I was going to,but Mary visited me.,He has a lot of work _ today,so he cant go with us.,doing B.to do C.done D.do,2.He told me about the things _ at the next meeting.,to discuss B.being discussed,C.discussed D.to be discussed,3.He seems _ the old lady.,knowing B to be knowing,C.to know D.to be known,4.We all hope _ scientists.,A.become B.to become,C.becoming D.became,5.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.,settled B.settling,C.to settle D.being settled,6.It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows_.,it what to do with B.what to do it with,C.what to do with it D.to do what with it,7.Do let your mother know all the truth.She appears_ everything.,to tell B.to be told,C.to be telling D.to have been told,8.The shirt looks tight on you.You seem _,weight.,A.to put on B.to put up,C.to have put on D.to have put up,9.They expect_ their mother.,A.to be seen B.to be seeing C.to see D.see,1.An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _ clear warning before firing any shots.,to issue B.being issued,C.to have issued D.to be issued,2.There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy.,A.to be chosen B.to choose from,C.to choose D.for choosing,3.Having a trip abroad is certainly,good for the old couple,but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.,A.to see B.to be seen,C.seeing D.to have seen,4.I meant _,but when I left,I couldnt find her anywhere.,A.to do B.to,C.doing D.to be done,6._ late in the morning,Bob turned off the alarm.,A.To sleep B.Sleeping,C.Sleep D.To be slept,8.The purpose of new technology is to make life easier,_ it more difficult.,A.not make B.not to make,C.not making D.do not make,9.The party was successful,but we thought it a pity not _ you.,A.invite B.to invite,C.inviting D.to have invited,10._,one must have something _.,A.Living,to believe,B.To live,to believe in,C.Living,to believe in,D.To live,believing,11.He has a lot of work _ today,so he cant go with us.,doing B.to do C.done D.do,12.He told me about the things _ at the next meeting.,to discuss B.being discussed,C.discussed D.to be discussed,13.He seems _ the old lady.,knowing B to be knowing,C.to know D.to be known,14.We all hope _ scientists.,A.become B.to become,C.becoming D.became,15.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.,settled B.settling,C.to settle D.being settled,16.It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows_.,How to do with it B.what to do it with,C.what to do with it D.to do what with it,17.The shirt looks tight on you.You seem _,weight.,A.to put on B.to put up,C.to have put on D.to have put up,18.They expect_ their mother.,A.to be seen B.to be seeing C.to see D.see,