英语高一英语翻译解题技巧分析及练习题含答案含解析.doc

【英语】高一英语翻译解题技巧分析及练习题(含答案)含解析

一、高中英语翻译
1．高中英语翻译题：Translation: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程积极性？(motivate)
2．网上支付以便了客户，不过牺牲了他们隐私。(at the cost of)
3．让我父母非常满意是，从这个公寓餐厅可以俯视街对面世纪公园，从起居室也可以。(so)
4．博物馆疏于管理，展品积灰，门厅冷落，急需改善。(whose)

【答案】
1．What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering?
2．Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy.
3．To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.
或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room.
4．This museum is not well managed, whose exhibits are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement.
或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement.
【解析】
1．motivate sb to do sth 激发某人做某事，on earth究竟，major in 以…为专业，enthusiasm/ initiative热情/积极性，故翻译为What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering?
2．online payment网上支付，brings convenience to给…带来以便，at the cost of以…为代价，privacy隐私，故翻译为Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy.
3．To my parents’ satisfaction令我父母满意是，后者也那样so it is with。也可以用主语从句What makes my parents really satisfy 表语从句thatthey can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment。overlooks俯视，opposite the street街对面，living room 起居室。故翻译为To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room.
4．not well managed/ management is reckless疏于管理，be covered with dust/ be piled with dust被灰尘覆盖，few visitors游客稀少，be badly in need of improvement/ requires immediate improvement亟需改善。故翻译为his museum is not well managed, whose exhibits are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement.或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement.

2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．交友时不要以貌取人。(base)
________________
2．经历了一场大病后,他明白了生命无价。(suffer)
________________
3．上海进口博览会展示了创新理念,增进了自由贸易。(meanwhile)
________________
4．不管到哪里旅游,都应当尊重当地风俗习惯。这样才能成为一名文明游客。(no matter)
________________

【答案】
1．Don’t judge a person based on his appearance when making friends.
2．After he suffered a serious illness, he realized that life is priceless.
3．The Shanghai International Import Expo shows innovative ideas, meanwhile it promotes free trade.
4．No matter where you travel, you should respect the local customs and habits, which will help you become a civilized traveller.
【解析】
【分析】
考察重点单词句型翻译。
1．短语be based on“以……为基础”，本句为否认祈使句，用when引导时间状语从句，译为Don’t judge a person based on his appearance when making friends.。
2．Suffer“遭受；忍受；经历”，本句为after引导状语从句，译为After he suffered a serious illness, he realized that life is priceless.。
3．“上海进口博览会”为“Shanghai International Import Expo”；“创新理念”为“innovative ideas”，故译为The Shanghai International Import Expo shows innovative ideas, meanwhile it promotes free trade.。
4．本句为no matter+where引导状语从句，且主句后用非限定性定语从句修饰，故译为No matter where you travel, you should respect the local customs and habits, which will help you become a civilized traveller.。

3．高中英语翻译题：Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．任何人都不也许轻而易举获得成功。(ease)
________________________
2．遇到紧急状况一定要冷静，否则也许会导致严重后果。(or)
________________________
3．我们只有学会尊重人际间差异，才能避免误会，与他人建立友好关系。(Only)
________________________
4．令教练欣慰是，整个辩论队齐心合力，克服了遇到多种困难，最终所有努力都得到了回报。(reward v.)
________________________

【答案】
1． It is impossible for anyone to achieve success with ease./ Nobody can achieve success with ease.
2． Keep calm/ Calm down in emergency, or it can bring about/cause serious consequences.
3． Only by learning to respect interpersonal differences/differences between(among) people can we avoid misunderstanding and build harmonious relationships with others.
4． To the coach’s relief, all the debate/debating team members have worked together/cooperated to overcome various difficulties they met with/encountered/came across, and all their efforts have finally been rewarded.
【解析】
1．本句关键词（组）：achieve success“获得成功”，with ease“纯熟地；不费力地”。根据句意可知，此处描述客观事实，应使用一般目前时。故译为It is impossible for anyone to achieve success with ease./ Nobody can achieve success with ease.
2．本句关键词（组）：keep calm/ calm down“保持冷静”，emergency“紧急状况”，bring about/cause serious consequences“导致严重后果”。根据句意及提醒可知，此处应使用句型：“祈使句，or+未来时句子”。故译为Keep calm/ Calm down in emergency, or it can bring about/cause serious consequences.
3．本句关键词（组）：interpersonal differences/differences between(among) people“人际间差异”，avoid misunderstanding“避免误会”，build harmonious relationships with others“与他人建立友好关系”。only位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装构造。故译为Only by learning to respect interpersonal differences/differences between(among) people can we avoid misunderstanding and build harmonious relationships with others.
4．本句关键词（组）：to the coach’s relief“令教练欣慰是”，worked together/cooperated“齐心合力”，overcome various difficulties“克服多种困难”，meet with/ encounter/come across“遇到”。根据句意及提醒可知，此处主句应使用目前完毕时。故译为To the coach’s relief, all the debate/debating team members have worked together/cooperated to overcome various difficulties they met with/encountered/came across, and all their efforts have finally been rewarded.

4．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．这是他第一次一本正经地评价我衣着。 (comment)
_____________
2．住校能使学生有更多时间和精力投入到学业中。 (enable)
_____________
3．最让我紧张是这孩子除了在线游戏之外，似乎对周围一切都视而不见。(concern)
_____________
4．正是由于没有抵制住金钱和声誉诱惑，那位著名演员违反了法律，最终她不得不为此付出惨重代价。(fail)
_____________

【答案】
1． This/It is the first time that he has commented on / has made comments on my clothes seriously.
2． Living in school on campus enables students to devote more time and energy to their academic work.
3． What concerns me most is that the kid seems to be blind to / to turn a blind eye to everything around him but online games.
4． It was because she failed to resist the temptation of money and fame that the famous actress broke the laws and in the end had to pay a high price for it.
【解析】
【分析】
本文为翻译题。在翻译时要注意不仅翻译要精确，还必须用所给词来翻译。要注意句子时态及语态对性。
1．考察固定句式。This/It is the first time that+从句，表达“是某人第一次……”，主句是is,从句一般用目前完毕时。“对…作出评价”可用固定搭配，可译成“make comments on”或“comment on”，故“这是他第一次一本正经地评价我衣着。”可译为“This/It is the first time that he has commented on / has made comments on my clothes seriously”。
2．考察非谓语作主语。非谓语作主语谓语动词要用单数。使某人有能力做某事，可译为“enable sb.to do sth”。故本题可译为“Living in school on campus enables students to devote more time and energy to their academic work”。
3．考察名词从句。主语从句由what引导,句子做主语谓语动词用单数。“对….视而不见”可译为“to be blind to / to turn a blind eye to”因此本句可译为“What concerns me most is that the kid seems to be blind to / to turn a blind eye to everything around him but online games. ”
4．考察强调句。这是由于….，可译为“It is /was because….that…”此句为强调句，被强调部分是原因状语从句。本句中没有抵制住….诱惑为“fail to resist the temptation of…”。因此本句可译为“It was because she failed to resist the temptation of money and fame that the famous actress broke the laws and in the end had to pay a high price for it.”
Translation(22')

5．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
96．今年除夕你计划在哪里过？(plan)
97．下雨天上海道路总是比平时更拥堵。(than)
98．是一种外国人不顾自已安危救了那个轻生男子。(It)
99．那天傍晚我一走出校门就遇到了一种数年不见小学同班同学。(No sooner)
100．无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦付出和坚持不懈”。(Whoever)

【答案】
1．Where are you planning to celebrate the New Year’s Eve this year?
97．Roads in Shanghai always get/become more crowded /hold up more traffic than usual on rainy days.
98．It was a foreigner that/who saved the man trying/who tried to kill himself/ commit suicide without considering his own safety.
99．No sooner had I left the school that early evening than I met with/bumped into/came across/encountered a classmate of mine in primary school (whom) I hadn’t seen for ages/years.
100．Whoever wants to be successful should first understand the principle that success comes from hard effort/work and persistence/perseverance
【解析】
1．本题提醒词为plan，除夕翻译为 “New Year’s Eve”。
97．本题考察比较级，“比平时”翻译为 “than usual”.
98．本题考察强调句、定语从句和非谓语翻译。首先强调句构造 “it is(was)…that/who” ；那个轻生男子,需要处理为定语从句，翻译为 “the man who tried to kill himself/ commit suicide”; 不顾 “without considering”.
99．倒装句和定语从句翻译。一…就 “No sooner had sb．done sth．than sb．did sth.”; 数年不见小学同学可以处理成定语从句，翻译为 “(whom) I hadn’t seen for ages/years.”；
100．本题考察主语从句和同位语翻译，句子构造比较复杂。首先“无论谁想要成功”用主语从句 “Whoever wants to be successful”。另一方面，“这个道理“成功来自艰苦付出和坚持不懈”这半句话波及使用同位语从句。理清关系后，本句也并没有想象中那么复杂。

6．高中英语翻译题：Translation
1．不掌握大量词汇是无法学好一门外语。（without）
2．对于怎么处理我问题，我同事提出来诸多建设性提议。(as to )
3．她演讲非常有趣，观众忍不住时不时发出笑声。（cannot help）
4．生态保护对人类福祈和未来至关重要，也孕育着世界发展历史性机遇。(bring about )

【答案】
1．There is no way to lean a foreign language well without mastering great amounts of vocabulary.
2．As to how to settle my problems my workmates supported many constructive advice.
3．Her speech was so amusing that the audience couldn’t help bursting into laughter now and then.
4．Ecological protection is essential to human beings well-being and future, which also brings about the historical opportunity of the world’s development.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考察学生对于词汇应用能力和语句构造能力。
1．考察固定句式和介词短语作原因状语。分析句子可知，可以使用固定句式：there is no way to do,意为“无法做某事”；提供介词without可以构成without+V-ing 宾语构造作原因状语，意为“在没有…状况下”， 再根据其他汉语提醒，故翻译为：There is no way to lean a foreign language well without mastering great amounts of vocabulary. 。
2．考察固定构造和时态。分析句子可知，as to 意为“对于…”，之后接名词性短语。因此汉语“怎么处理我问题”，可以译为“how to settle my problems”, 分析可得时态为过去发生时间，用一般过去时。再根据其他汉语提醒，故翻译为：As to how to settle my problems my workmates supported many constructive advice。
3．考察固定构造和成果状语从句。分析句子可知，前后句为因果关系，可用“so…that”句式，译为“如此,,,以致于…”,所给动词词组cannot help 为固定构造，之后接+V-ing ,译为“禁不住做某事”。结合语境体现，应为一般过去时态，再根据其他汉语提醒，故翻译为：Her speech was so amusing that the audience couldn’t help bursting into laughter now and then.
4．考察固定构造和非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，“对..至关重要”可用词组is essential to,主语为Ecological protection，宾语为human beings well-being and future，所提供固定构造bring about可意为“孕育”，且后半句可以用非限制性定语从句翻译，先行词由Ecological protection充当。再根据其他汉语提醒，故翻译为：Ecological protection is essential to human beings well-being and future, which also brings about the historical opportunity of the world’s development.
【点睛】
第4小题属于难度较大题目，在词汇，句式，语法方面规定较高。词汇方面：be essential to对..很重要，bring about 引起，在做此题时，可以将题目一分为二：即：1） 生态保护对人类福祈和未来至关重要。2）生态保护也孕育着世界发展历史性机遇。分别翻译可得：
Ecological protection is essential to human beings well-being and future
Ecological protection also brings about the historical opportunity of the world’s development.
确立先行词为Ecological protection，第2句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。因此可以翻译为：Ecological protection is essential to human beings well-being and future, which also brings about the historical opportunity of the world’s development.

7．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．虽然天气再热，也不要成天待在空调房间里。(stay)
2．一旦一种人学会了换位思考，就表明他正在走向成熟。(indicate)
3．直到他听了那个讲座才意识到自已对于该领域知识是如此匮乏。(It)
4．他们从没想到年终大桥就要建成通车了，这将使他们出行更为便利。(occur, make)

【答案】
1．Don’t stay in the air-conditioned room all day even if it’s extremely hot.
2．Once a person has learned how to think in other people’s position, it indicates that he is getting mature.
3．It was not until he attended the lecture that he realized how little he knew about the field.
4．It never occurred to them that the bridge would be open to traffic/the public by the end of the year, which will make it easier for them to go out/and it will make it easier for them to go out.
【解析】
1．考察祈使句和让步状语从句。根据句意可知本句为祈使句，同步用even if/even though引导让步状语从句，表达“虽然”，故翻译为：Don’t stay in the air-conditioned room all day even if it’s extremely hot.
2．考察条件状语从句和宾语从句。根据句意可知本句使用once引导条件状语从句，表达“一旦”，并且learn how to think in other people’s position发生在indicate之前，要用目前完毕时，indicate用一般目前时，其后为宾语从句，从句成分完整，用that引导，故翻译为：Once a person has learned how to think in other people’s position, it indicates that he is getting mature.
3．考察not until强调句型。根据句意可知本句使用not until强调句型，其基本构造为：It is not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分，事情发生在过去，应当用一般过去时，故翻译为：It was not until he attended the lecture that he realized how little he knew about the field.
4．考察固定句式和非限定性定语从句。It occurs to sb. that表达“某人忽然想到……”，同步可以使用非限定性定语从句，用which指代整个主句内容并在从句中做主语，故翻译为：It never occurred to them that the bridge would be open to traffic/the public by the end of the year, which will make it easier for them to go out/and it will make it easier for them to go out.
。

8．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．你思想越开明，就越不容易受他人观点影响。(The more...)
2．究竟是什么让你对考试成果抱有如此乐观态度？(it)
3．面对剧烈竞争和许多不确定原因，家长对孩子学业成绩感到焦急是一件很正常事。(face)
4．社会发展速度飞快，假如你固执于陈旧观念无法跟上时代步伐，那么很快你就会被时代抛弃。(So)

【答案】
1．The more open-minded you are, the less easily you’ll be influenced by others’ opinions.
2．What is it that makes you hold such a positive attitude towards the result of the examination?
3．When parents are facing / faced with fierce competition and plenty of uncertainties, it is natural for them to feel anxious about their children’s academic performance.
4．So fast is the society developing that if you stick to outdated concepts and can’t keep up with the pace of the times, it won’t be long before you are abandoned / deserted by the times.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考察汉译英，注意按括号内规定翻译。
1．考察固定句式。“the+比较级，the+比较级”表达“越……，越……”，根据句意可知，从句用一般目前时，主句用一般未来时，故翻译为：The more open-minded you are, the less easily you’ll be influenced by others’ opinions.
2．考察强调句型特殊疑问句形式。强调句型特殊疑问句构造为：what is it that…?陈说是客观状况，应当用一般目前时，故翻译为：What is it that makes you hold such a positive attitude towards the result of the examination?
3．考察face使用方法和形式主语。face表达“面对”时是及物动词，背面直接接宾语，也可用短语be faced with表达“面对”，根据句意可知本句用it作形式主语，真正主语是背面不定式，陈说是客观事实，用一般目前时，故翻译为：When parents are facing / faced with fierce competition and plenty of uncertainties, it is natural for them to feel anxious about their children’s academic performance.
4．考察so…that倒装和条件状语从句。stick to表达“坚持、固执于”，keep up with 表达“赶上”，so…that构造中so连同它所直接修饰成分共同位于句首表达强调时，主句要进行倒装，that后成果状语从句不倒装，if引导条件状语从句复合句遵照“主将从现”原则，故翻译为：So fast is the society developing that if you stick to outdated concepts and can’t keep up with the pace of the times, it won’t be long before you are abandoned / deserted by the times.

9．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．不要运动过度，否则有猝死也许。(or)
2．我想当时你一定具有控制自已行为能力。(power)
3．虽然关注自已快乐没有错，但把快乐传播给身边人总是一件不错事。(communicate)
4．妄自菲薄