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初中英语宾语从句技巧小结及练习题含解析
一、初中英语宾语从句
1.— Excuse me, could you tell me ______?
—There is a supermarket over there. You can get some there.
A.how I can find a supermarket B.where the supermarket is
C.where I can buy some fruit D.Where can I buy some fruit
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:--打扰了,你能告诉我,我能在哪里买到水果?--那边有一种超市。在那你能买到某些水果。分析:考察宾语从句使用方法,宾语从句用陈说语顺,第四项不符合。结合答语,简介了能买到水果地方,因此是问买到水果地方,第三项符合语境。故选 C
考点:考察宾语从句使用方法。
2.—I’m sorry about yesterday.
—Don’t worry about it. It’s never just one person’s fault. We should think about______better next time.
A.how can we do it B.how we can do it
C.how can they do it D.how they can do it
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——昨天我很抱歉。——不用紧张。它永远不只是一种人错。我们应当考虑下一次怎样做得更好。考察宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈说句语序,AC都是疑问句语序,可排除。It’s never just one person’s fault. 不只是一种人错,意思是“我们大家均有责任”;根据句意语境,可知they不合句意,故选B。
3.— Could you tell me ________? I must find him.
— Sorry. I have no idea. But he was here just now.
A.where Tom was B.where Tom has gone
C.where can I find Tom D.where Tom has been
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——你能告诉我汤姆去哪儿了吗?我必须找到他。 ——对不起,我不懂得。但他刚刚在这里。本题重要考察宾语从句。根据语境,你能告诉“我”汤姆在哪里吗。where 引导宾语从句在句中作 tell 直接宾语,me 为间接宾语。宾语从句使用陈说语序,故此处应用“where + 主语 + 谓语”构造,主语为 Tom,谓语为 be 动词。故排除C项。根据语境时态和主句时态保持一致Could you tell me表达祈求容许后用目前完毕时,has gone是指去某地,没回来;has been指从某地回来了。结合语境可知,是指Tom去了某地。故选B。
4.—I'm going to give a talk on the Dragon Boat Festival to the exchange students.
—Great! But don't forget to tell them __________.
A.what should they eat at the festival
B.what kind of race is often held
C.why people enjoy the full moon
D.how do people celebrate it
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:――我要给互换生们作一份有关端午节汇报。――好极了。不过不要忘了告诉他们:A.whatshouldtheyeatatthefestival.他们在节日里应当吃什么;B.whypeopleenjoythefullmoon为何人们喜欢圆月;C.whatkindofraceisoftenheld常常举行什么比赛;D.Howdopeoplecelebrateit人们怎样庆祝。宾语从句需要用陈说句语序,可以排除掉A、D,再根据常识可知龙舟节跟欣赏满月没有关系,排除掉C,因此对答案选B。
考点:考察宾语从句使用方法
5.―Excuse me, could you tell me ?
―There is a bank on the second floor. You can make it there.
A.where the bank is B.how I can get to the bank
C.if there's a bank near here D.where I can exchange money
【答案】D
【解析】
句意:——打扰了,你能告诉我在哪里我可以兑换钱币吗?——在二楼有一种银行。你可以在那里做到。where the bank is 银行在哪里; how I can get to the bank我怎样抵达那个银行;
if there's a bank near here 这附近有银行吗?where I can exchange money我在哪里可以兑换钱币。根据There is a bank on the second floor. You can make it there.可知此处表达在银行那里可以做到事,应是在那里兑换钱币,故选D。
6.一Could you please tell me ?
一In two hours.
A.how long will your father be back B.how long your father will be back
C.how soon your father will be back D.how soon will your father be back
【答案】C
【解析】
句意:一你能告诉我你父亲多久会回来吗? 一两个小时后。本句为宾语从句,从句部分应用陈说句语序,因此排除答案A.D。根据答语“In two hours”可知,问句问询“表达未来时间点”。how soon多久,问询未来时间点;how long多长时间,问询一段时间。故选C。
7.-Would you please tell me ________?- Bus No.301 will take you there.
A.who will we go with to Shandong Theater B.what can we see in Quancheng Park
C.when they left for the Shandong Museum D.how we can get to Bon-Garden
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——请你告诉我怎样抵达Bon-Garden?——301路公共汽车会带你去那儿。根据下文Bus No.301 will take you there.可知上文是说怎样抵达,用how引导,排除ABC,根据题意,故选D。
8.Many kids in China are crazy about the Western culture. But I still can't understand to us Chinese.
A.what does Christmas mean B.what Christmas does mean
C.what mean Christmas does D.what Christmas means
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:中国诸多孩子都对西方文化着迷。但我还是不明白圣诞节对我们中国人意味着什么。这里是宾语从句,用陈说语序,排除AB,C语序不对。根据题意,故选D。
9.Our teacher asked me
A.what was Ann doing these days
B.when will the monkey show begin
C.why Peter didn’t come to school yesterday
D.how long I usually spend on my homework
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:“我们老师问我为何彼得昨天没来学校”,本题重要考察宾语从句,分析句子构造可知,横线处成分作 ask 后宾语,则此处为宾语从句,需使用陈说句语序,即“连接词 + 主语 + 谓语”,故排除A、B项。由题干 asked 可知,此处要使用过去某种时态,故排除D项,故选C。
10.---Could you tell me in the past?
---Yes. Great changes have taken place in our city. These pictures can show you.
A.what our city looked like
B.how our city looked like
C.what was our city like
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:---你能告诉我我们都市过去是什么样子吗?----好。我们都市发生了巨大变化。这些照片可以给你看。考察宾语从句。我们都市过去是什么样子吗?:what was our city like?或what did our city look like?宾语从句语序是陈说语序, C是疑问句语序,可排除;B没有这种体现方式;A是陈说语序。结合句意可知选A。
【点睛】
本题意在考察宾语从句这一语法,做此类题时,要从三方面考虑:一、选准连接词(引导词); 二、连接词后紧跟从句主语(注意主谓一致等); 三、若主句是过去时,从句要改为相对应过去某种时态;四、需用陈说语序。
11.—Gina, I’d like to visit Alan tomorrow. Could you tell me ?
—Sorry, I don’t know his address, either.
A.where does he live B.where he lives C.where he lived D.where did he live
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:-Gina,我明天想去看望Alan,你能告诉我他住在哪里吗?-对不起,我也不懂得他地址。where does he live他住在哪里,是疑问句;where he lives他住在哪里,陈说句语序;where he lived一般过去时;where did he live疑问句,一般过去时。根据句子构造可知,这里考察宾语从句,从句中应用陈说语序,故排除A和D。could这里表达语气委婉,并非表达过去。根据句意可知,这里说是客观事实,应用一般目前时,故选B。
12.This book will show you ________ from books is put into practical use.
A.how you’ve learned B.how what you’ve learned
C.how that you’ve learned D.that you’ve learned
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:这本书将向你展示你从书本中学到东西是怎样被实际使用。根据句意可知,此句句型,是 …… how (something) be done.根据what 引导名词短句是背面从句主语!可知,此空故填how what you’ve learned故选B。
13.—Mum, summer holiday is coming. I wonder .
—How about Qinling Wild Zoo?
A.where can we go B.where we can go
C.how we can go D.how we can go
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:——妈妈,暑假就要来了。我想懂得我们可以去哪。——秦岭野生动物园怎么样?根据How about Qinling Wild Zoo?可知要去某地玩,故排除CD两项。位于动词wonder后作宾语从句次序为:疑问词+主语+谓语。故选B。
考点:考察宾语从句使用方法。
14.---Do you know our head teacher over there?
---I have seen her before. But I don’t know___________.
A.what her name is B.what does she look like
C.where she is D.what is she
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——你认识那边班主任吗?——我此前见过她。但我不懂得她叫什么名字。
A.她叫什么;B.她长什么样;C.她在哪里;D.她是什么?根据句意可知,此句是宾语从句,从句要用陈说语序,故排除B和D;此空意思是.她叫什么名字?故排除C,故选A。
15.-Dad, do you know ___________ return from Beijing? I miss her very much.
-Maybe next Sunday
A.how will Mum B.when will Mum. C.how Mum will D.when Mum will
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:父亲,你懂得妈妈什么时候从北京回来吗?我非常想她。也许下星期天吧。本题考察宾语从句。宾语从句语序:无论主句是陈说句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈说语序。首先从语序上判断,选项A B是疑问语序被排除。how怎么样;when什么时候。根据答语Maybe next Sunday也许下个星期天吧可知,故选D。
16.I wonder___Tom had a good time having a picnic yesterday.
A.that B.if C.what D.which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意“我想懂得汤姆与否在昨天野餐中玩得很开心”。本题是宾语从句,that在宾语从句中无意义也不做成分;if在从句中不做成分,译为“与否”;C.what在从句中作成分,指物,译为“什么”;which在从句中作成分,译为“哪一种”。根据句子可知,从句中不缺成分,且根据wonder可知,译为“与否玩得开心”,用if,故选B。
17.I didn't know .
A.when would the train arrive B.where could I get the book
C.what has been done D.who left the message
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:我不懂得谁留言。根据句意可知,这里考察是宾语从句,从句中应当使用陈说语序,故A和B不对;这个题干中谓语动词部分didn’t know 使用是一般过去时态,故宾语从句中也应当用过去时态,故C不对,它是目前完毕时。故选D。
考点:考察宾语从句。
18.--It's so careless of you to make a spelling mistake again.
--Sorry. I couldn't remember .
A.when I learnt the word
B.if I have learnt the word
C.where should I put the silent "t"
D.in which class did you teach the word
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意:你是那么粗心又一次犯了拼写错误。--对不起,我没能记住什么时间学过这个单词。宾语从句要用陈说句语序。C. where should I put the silent "t"语序错误;D. in which class did you teach the word语序错误。A. when I learnt the word什么时间学这个单词;根据主句一般过去时态,因此从句用过去某个时态,B. if I have learnt the word与否学过这个单词,目前完毕时态;因此B时态不对。故选A。
19.Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ________?
A.where is the bank nearest
B.where is the nearest bank
C.where the nearest bank is
【答案】C
【解析】
句意:-打扰一下,先生,你能告诉我近来银行在哪里吗?where is the bank nearest形式错误,nearest是形容词最高级,应当放在名词前面,并且这个宾语从句中应使用陈说语序;where is the nearest bank是疑问语序,在宾语从句中应使用陈说语序;where the nearest bank is是where引导宾语从句,从句中使用是陈说语序,故应选C。
20.Could you tell me _________ in British schools?
A.what do students wear B.to wear what
C.what students wear D.students wear what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:你能告诉我在英国学校里学校们穿什么吗?what do students wear学生们穿什么,疑问语序;to wear what形式错误;what students wear学生们穿什么,陈说语序;students wear what形式错误。这里考察宾语从句,引导词是what,应在从句开头,故B和D不对;宾语从句中应用陈说语序,故应选C。
21.—Could you tell us ________?
—Sometimes, if I have time.
A.how long you play computer games B.how often you go to the park
C.how soon will you see a film D.how much time you spend on homework
【答案】B
【解析】
--你能告诉我你多久去一次公园吗?--偶尔,假如我有时间话。How long多长时间;How soon多久后来;How often多久一次;How much多少钱。根据回答sometimes可知问频率,故选B。
点睛:宾语从句构造:主语+谓语+连接词+从句。从句在句中作宾语。从句要用陈说句语序。假如主句是一般目前时,从句根据需要选择时态,假如主句是过去时态,从句要用对应过去时态。不过从句是客观真理,一般用一般目前时态。C选项语序不对;根据回答很容易选出对答案。
22.Dear Rita, long time no see! Do you know ______ I want to see you again?
A.how much B.how long C.how many D.how often
【答案】A
【解析】
句意:亲爱丽塔,很久没见了!你懂得我多么想再会你一次吗?how much多少,多么;how long多长时间,对时间段提问;how many多少,是对数量提问;how often多久一次,是对频率提问。根据long time no see!可知很长时间没有见了,因此非常想见到她,表达多么想要见到她,故用how much,故选A。
23.I don't remember____________ the book yesterday.
A.where I put B.where did I put
C.where will I put D.where l will put
【答案】A
【解析】
英语宾语从句中一般为陈说语序。根据时间状语yesterday,昨天,可知从句中描述是过去发生动作,故从句中用一般过去时态。选B为倒装语序,故选A。
考点:宾语从句
24.-The novel Gulliver’s Travel is very nice.
-So it is. Could you tell me__________?
A.how long I can borrow it
B.if I can keep it for another week
C.when should I return it
D.that I can borrow it
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考点:考察宾语从句。
【详解】
试题分析:句意:---这部小说Gulliver’s Travels非常好。---确实如此,你能告诉我我能否再借一周?borrow借,短暂性动词不能和时间段连用,排除A;宾语从句用陈说语序,排除C;这里是if引导宾语从句。结合语境,故选B。
25.一What a nice shirt!Can you tell me__?
一Sure,at the shopping center near our school.I went there last Sunday
A.where you bought it B.where did you buy it
C.where you will buy it D.where will you buy it
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——多漂亮衬衫啊!你能告诉我你在哪里买吗?——当然可以,在我们学校附近购物中心。我上周日去那儿。
考察宾语从句。宾语从句要按照陈说句语序;根据答语I went there last Sunday时间状语last Sunday判断从句用一般过去时;选项C、D时态不对,B语序不对,故选A。
26.—What did your father say to you just now?
—He asked me _______________.
A.that I would like to see a movie
B.where I will spend my holiday
C.if I enjoyed myself at the party
D.when did I attend the graduation party
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
试题分析:句意:--你父亲刚刚和你说什么了?---他问我在聚会上与否玩得很开心。根据He asked me,可知本句考察了宾语从句使用方法。在宾语从句中所使用语序应当是陈说句语序,选项D是疑问句语序,排除掉,再根据He asked me,可知这里句子使用时态是一般过去时,那么宾语从句就要对应用过去时,选项B是will,不符合时态规定,排除掉.在这里ask意思是问询,背面跟宾语从句应当有疑问语气,因此这里使用引导词是if,排除A。故选C
27.—I spent the whole night preparing for my exam.
—Don't stay up too late, or you will be tired out. Remember, .
A.it never rains but it pours
B.you can't burn the candle at both ends
C.you can't put all your eggs in one basket
D.the grass is always greener on the other side
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——我花费整晚上为考试做准备。——不要熬夜太晚,否则你将会筋疲力尽。
it never rains but it pours不鸣则已,一鸣惊人;you can't burn the candle at both ends蜡烛不能两头点,精力不可过度耗;you can't put all your eggs in one basket你不能把所有鸡蛋放在一种篮子里,不要孤注一掷;the grass is always greener on the other side这山望着那山高。根据Don't stay up too late, or you will be tired out可知此处表达不要过度消耗精力,故选B。
28.—Could you tell me ?
—Sorry, I don't know .I was not at the meeting.
A.what does he say at the meeting
B.what did he say at the meeting
C.what he says at the meeting
D.what he said at the meeting
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——请你告诉我,他在会议上讲了什么?——对不起,我不懂得。我没有参与这个会议。
考察宾语从句使用方法,宾语从句用陈说语序,主句是一般目前时,从句用本来时态,会议是过去时间开,因此用过去时。故选D。
29.—Tom, do you know ____?
—In Beijing.
A.where will the 24th Winter Olympics be held
B.where the 24th Winter Olympics will hold
C.where the 24th Winter Olympics will be held
D.where will the 24th Winter Olympics hold
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——汤姆,你懂得第24届冬奥会将在哪里举行吗? ——在北京。本题考察宾语从句。宾语从句语序应当用陈说句语序,排除A/D;the 24th Winter Olympics与hold“举行”之间存在着被动关系,因此应当用被动句。故选C。
30.— Daniel, I’ m still not sure .
— Why not? No one is better than you in our class.
A.how I can prepare for the competition
B.whether I should take part in the competition
C.who I can ask for more information about the competition
D.when I can enter the competition
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:—丹尼尔,我还是不确定我与否应当参与这个比赛。—为何不呢?在我们班没有人比你更好。A. how I can prepare for the competition我怎样为比赛做准备;B. whether I should take part in the competition我与否应当参与比赛;C. who I can ask for more information about the competition我可以向谁问询更多有关比赛信息;D. when I can enter the competition我什么时候可以进入比赛。根据回答,why not?为何不呢?可知,问题是问意见,与否做某事,故选B。
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