全球碳捕集与封存先进技术汇编2023.pdf

HUGH BARLOWConsultant CCS TechnologySHAHRZAD S M SHAHIConsultant CCS TechnologyMATTHEW LOUGHREYPrincipal Consultant CCS TechnologyTECHNICAL REPORTSTATE OF THE ART:CCS TECHNOLOGIES 2023STATE OF THE ART:CCS TECHNOLOGIES 20232BACK TO TABLE OF CONTENTSCONTENTS FOREWORD 4CAPTURE 6 AIR LIQUIDE#1 8 AKER CARBON CAPTURE 18 B&W 22 CAPTURA 26 CARBONCAPT 28 CARBON CLEAN 32 CARBON ENGINEERING 36 C-CAPTURE 40 CAPSOL TECHNOLOGIES 44 CO2CRC 48 DELTA CLEAN TECH 52 ELESSENT CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES 54 FUELCELL ENERGY 58 HEIRLOOM 62 HUANENG CLEAN ENERGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE(HNCERI)64 HONEYWELL 68 K2CO2 72 KC8CAPTURE 74 LINDE 78 NET POWER 90 NOVOZYMES 94 NUADA(FORMERLY MOF TECHNOLOGIES)98 SHELL AND TECHNIP ENERGIES 100 SINOPEC NANJING CHEMICALS RESEARCH INSTITUTE 104 SUMITOMO SHI FW 108 TOSHIBA 114 SVANTE 118TRANSPORT 120 GHD 122 JFE STEEL 126 MAXTUBE GROUP 130STORAGE 134 CMG 136 GETECH 138 HALLIBURTON 142 NSAI-PETRO 154 QUORUM SOFTWARE 156FULL VALUE CHAIN 164 ABB 166 ASPENTECH 168 BAKER HUGHES 170 CHART&HOWDEN 196 CHEVRON 200 ENI 204 JCCS 208 NOV 212 OPENGOSIM LTD 216 RITE 218 SAIPEM 226 SICK 232 SLB 236STATE OF THE ART:CCS TECHNOLOGIES 20234BACK TO TABLE OF CONTENTSFOREWORD There is an urgent need for innovative,new technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to tackle climate change and meet net-zero targets.Carbon Capture and Storage(CCS)covers a range of technologies that will be crucial in supporting these global efforts.The uptake of CCS is growing at an unprecedented rate.While early CCS projects targeted easier to capture emissions sources,projects further into the energy transition need to address harder to abate emissions that are more expensive and challenging to address.Technological advancements are essential to improving the economics and ensuring the successful application of CCS to these more challenging emissions sources.This years Technology Compendium expands on the inaugural version in all categories with several new technologies.One of the key advancements is the development of new and improved methods for capturing carbon dioxide,including several new technologies utilizing calcium looping and metal organic frameworks(MOFs).For transport and storage,new technologies focused on robust design and monitoring are supporting the need to provide safe and optimized transport and storage infrastructure.This highlights the ongoing work to develop technologies to improve energy efficiency,reduce costs,and improve infrastructure performance for future CCS projects.The years Technology Compendium continues to showcase the breadth and depth of commercially-available CCS technologies worldwide.We look forward to seeing further growth and development of CCS technologies in coming years as we continue to fight the threat of climate change.Matt Loughrey Principal CCS Technologies Global CCS Institute July 2023AcknowledgementsWe are grateful for the contributions and support of all the technology companies who have contributed to this publication.Thank you to Hugh Barlow and Shahrzad Shahi for their invaluable editing and coordination of this report.Special mentions also go to Yi Wu,Yasuo Murakami,Kazuko Miyashita,Erin Billeri,Spencer Schecht,Bruno Gerrits,and Sarah Hardman of the Global CCS Institute for their efforts and support.STATE OF THE ART:CCS TECHNOLOGIES 20236BACK TO TABLE OF CONTENTSCAPTURE STATE OF THE ART:CCS TECHNOLOGIES 20238BACK TO TABLE OF CONTENTSThe first industrial deployment of this technology was made in Port-Jerome,France(Cryocap H2),at the largest SMR Hydrogen production unit operated by Air Liquide.Since its startup in 2015,the plant has captured 100 ktpa CO2 from an existing SMR while boosting H2 production.The plant has been designed for ease of scalability;wherein all equipment in Port Jerome will be purely upscaled to larger scale CCS projects.After 8 years of operation,the Port Jerome site demonstrated:Proven robustness of design-no aging of key components over time Very high reliability:No H2 production interruption,CO2 availability 99%Performances confirmed and stable over time Improvement thanks to continuous capitalization from operation to design Port Jerome is one of the 4 sites in Europe able to produce Hydrogen certified low carbon,and has been integrated as a pilot site for the project CertifHy,the first Guarantee of Origin(GO)platform for Green and Low-Carbon Hydrogen.All Cryocap products benefit from 8 years of return of operational experience gained in Port Jerome.Air Liquide has always been committed to innovation by improving its vast portfolio of patented technologies and customized solutions to meet and exceed customer expectations in terms of efficiency,safety,reliability and competitiveness to achieve energy transition goals.As a top technology provider with a longstanding experience in Engineering,Procurement,and Construction(EPC),we cover the entire project life-cycle:license engineering services/proprietary equipment,high-end engineering&design capabilities,project management&execution services.In addition,we also offer efficient customer services through our worldwide set-up.SUMMARYBENEFITSThe entire Cryocap suite was designed to address the challenges experienced from traditional capture solutions.Our customers value the following Cryocap features:Minimizes overall carbon footprint:the technologies are electrically-driven(negligible steam)which maximize the CO2 avoided by reduced indirect CO2 emissions,with high CO2 recovery(92-99%),and can be paired with renewable or low-carbon power supply High intrinsic process efficiency:the technology bricks are used in their optimum range Safety and no toxicity:solvent-free,and no toxic or flammable gases used Match the end specifications and high CO2 product purity:all Cryocap produce either high pressure gaseous or liquid CO2 at marginal extra cost and can meet the most stringent CO2 specifications(99.9%v)Favor synergies and optimize space:1-step capture and liquefaction for any stream containing 15%CO2(dry basis),very compact solutions with flexible layout configuration and simplified infrastructure compared to steam-based solutions Improve productivity:for some applications(H2 and steel),installing our product improves the efficiency of the original process or enable the co-production of valuable molecules(e.g.Cryocap H2 increase H2 production up to 20%)CRYOCAPTMW(H2,FG,OXY,STEEL,NG)Air Liquide has been designing gas separation technologies for more than 100 years,and has leveraged its industrial demonstration units on power plants,steel blast furnaces,and H2 production plants to develop the Cryocap product line.Cryocap is an award-winning proprietary technological innovation for CO2 capture that is unique in the world,using a cryogenic process(involving low temperatures to separate gases).Cryocap can be adapted to specific applications combining a variety of Air Liquide technologies.Customers can reduce their CO emissions by up to 99%and have the possibility to valorize other molecules contained in the feed gas(e.g.CO,H2,etc).Cryocap is a robust and pioneering technology available to service customers looking to reduce the carbon footprint of their production facilities.To date,Cryocap is the only full-scale cryogenic capture technology with an industrial reference in operation in the world.Driven by innovation and the need to decarbonize carbon intensive processes,Cryocap reference examples date back to 2005 and the product line has since then been selected for multiple engineering studies,pre-Front End Engineering&Design(pre-FEED),FEED,and implementation across four continents for a diverse set of industries.To further showcase its innovative and efficient design in CO2 capture,Cryocap has resulted in several patent filings.It has also consistently been recognized by US and EU experts through several grant awards by EU Innovation Fund and US Department of Energy(DOE)in 2021 and 2022.Our portfolio of cryogenic technologies includes:Cryocap H2 for hydrogen production:Steam Methane Reformer(SMR),AutoThermal Reforming(ATR),or Partial Oxidation(POX)Cryocap FG for flue gases(optimal:15%CO2 dry basis)Cryocap Oxy for oxy combustion Cryocap Steel for steel production Cryocap NG for acid natural gas fields Cryocap XLL for large scale liquefaction(in a separate section)CONTACTEmail: Web:AIR LIQUIDEDESCRIPTIONCRYOCAP H2Based on its extensive experience in hydrogen production units,Air Liquide has developed a technology capable of capturing the CO2 emitted during hydrogen production(by SMR or ATR or POX).This proprietary technology is the subject of several patents and allows customers to make significant cost reductions.STATE OF THE ART:CCS TECHNOLOGIES 202310BACK TO TABLE OF CONTENTSOn top of capturing and liquefying the CO2 in one step,it is the only technology that can reduce CO2 emissions during the production process while boosting hydrogen production by 13 to 20%.It has the lowest cost on the market for CO2 capture in hydrogen production units(especially compared to activated MDEA),and can be adapted to existing and future hydrogen production units.The technology uses cryogenic purification to separate the CO2 from Pressure Swing Adsorption(PSA)offgas,containing typically 40-50%v CO2.The PSA offgas is compressed,dried and sent to a cryogenic unit,where the CO is separated from the other components by a combination of partial condensation and distillation.A pure and pressurized CO flow is produced from the cold process.The non-condensed gases are recycled through a membrane system to recover H and CO.Residual gas is sent to the burners of the H production plant.The CO product is compressed up to supercritical pressure or liquefied and stored in liquid storage.Liquid CO can also be directly withdrawn from the cold process at marginal costs.The CO can be then liquefied and purified to meet CO specifications of local industrial markets(agri-food,water treatment,etc.)or transport systems for sequestration.Cryocap H can be installed for greenfield and brownfield H plants.Key Figures:Capacity:from 300-10,000 tpd Hydrogen production:increase of 13-20%Avoided CO2 cost reduction:up to 40%compared to MDEA OPEX+CAPEX:30-50/tCO captured Gaseous or liquid CO2 More than 99%of CO and H recovery from syngasMain Applications:H production (SMR or ATR),POx,any syngas with 15%CO2Reference/Project Examples:2012-Industrial CCU EPC for 300 tpd in France 2019-Industrial CCS pre-FEED in EU(Air Liquide SMR)2020-Industrial CCS FEED in Belgium(Air Liquide SMR)2021-Award by Dutch SDE+for Porthos project and by EU Innovation fund for KairosC project(both Air Liquide SMR)2022-Selection by US DOE for FEED in USA(Air Liquide SMR)2022-Industrial CCU EPC project in Grandpuits,France(with TotalEnergies)CRYOCAP FGAir Liquide developed a dedicated capture technology in order to address low-hanging fruits of the high-concentrated sources:industrial flue gases.Many high CO2-emitting industries have concentrated sources of CO2 emissions above 15%,such as hydrogen production with SMR,cement and lime production,blast furnaces in hot metal production,and FCC in refineries.These high-concentrated sources are estimated to represent around 50%of the global industrial direct emissions.Additionally,Cryocap FG can also significantly abate NOx emissions from flue gas and to deliver the on-spec liquid CO2 product at its battery limits,thereby reducing the number of process units and interfaces,and increasing the level of overall optimization and reliability.Cryocap FG is a separation process based on the combination of adsorption and cryogenic separation.The flue gas is first compressed,dried and sent to a PSA(Pressure Swing Adsorption).The PSA pre-concentrates the CO in the offgas.It is compressed then sent to a cold process.There,the CO is recovered by the combination of partial condensation and distillation,which allow the removal of various elements such as O,Ar,N,NO and CO.The CO product is compressed,condensed and pumped up to supercritical pressure or directly produced as liquid.The pressurized nitrogen from the PSA is expanded to recover energy.Key Figures:Capacity:300 10,000 tpd PSA-assisted CO2 condensation Compressors,PSA and cryo process can be located in two different plots Smart impurities management(high NOx)40 to 80/tCO captured Gaseous or liquid CO2 CO2 capture rate:up to 98%Main Applications:Flue gases or off gases with CO2 content=15%(SMR,cement/lime,steel blast furnace,refineries(FCC),waste incineration/biomass power plant,pulp&paper)Reference/Project Examples:2020-Industrial CCS Engineering Study for 2,000 tpd in EU(FCC)2021-Industrial CCS Process Design Package+License for 2400 tpd in EU(SMR)2021-Selection by US DOE for a FEED on largest single kiln for Holcim St.Genevieve plant in US(e.g.10,000 tpd CO2)2022-Two awards by EU Innovation Fund for FOIK cryogenic capture on lime flue gas(Lhoist Rty)and cement single line kiln(Lafarge Holcim Kujawy)2022-Two selections by US DOE for FEED on Gulf Coast SMR and a Direct Reduction Iron(DRI HBI)(Arcelormittal,previously Voestalpine)CRYOCAP OXYCryocap Oxy uses oxy-fuel combustion exhaust as a feedstock.Its unique technological bricks include flue gas drying,dust filtration,and cryogenic purification.Through this technology,a high rate of CO2 recovery is achieved,and can reduce atmospheric emissions from power plants to almost zero(emissions of NOx,SOx,fine particles and Hg).The flue gas issued from the cement or lime or power plant is first treated in a pre-treatment unit,which aims to cool the gas and remove the SOx,HF,HCl,most of the NOx,and dust.Then,the gas is compressed and dried before entering the cryogenic purification unit.In the cold process,CO is recovered by combination of partial condensation and distillation,which allows the removal of the heavy compounds such as NOx and the light elements such as O,Ar,N,NO and CO.The CO product is compressed,condensed and pumped up to supercritical pressure or directly produced under liquid state.Key Figures:Capacity:1,000 and 15,000 tpd 30-50/tCO captured Energy savings through residual gas Gaseous or liquid CO2 Enriched flue gas above 60%CO2 Smart impurities management(high NOx)CO2 capture rate:90-98%Main Applications:Cement/Lime Power plant Any applications with CO2 concentration 40%Reference/Project Examples:2008-Demo CCS EP for 200 tpd in France(Total-oxyfuels)2010-Pilot CCS EP for 80 tpd in Australia(Callide)2012-Pilot CCS EPC for 200 tpd in Spain(CIUDEN)2014-Industrial CCS FEED for 3500 tpd in US(Futuregen)2015-Industrial CCS FEED for 1500 tpd in France(Lafarge-cement)2021-Awarded by Innovation Fund for 1MTPY(EQIOM-cement)CRYOCAP STEELThis solution was designed to specifically capture CO2 from steel making plants,with CO2 stream concentrations of 20-50%.The gas is first compressed,dried and sent to a PSA(Pressure Swing Adsorption).The PSA pre-concentrates the CO in the offgas while producing a CO rich stream.The pre-concentrated CO stream is compressed and sent to a cold pr