《时间的脚印》课件ppt.ppt

8,时间的脚印,R,八年级语文下册,时间是什么？,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,时间是物质存在的客观形式，无处不在，与每个人密切相关，但它看不到、触不着。,记录时间的工具,还有什么可以记录时间的更替？,了解岩石记录时间（历史）的相关知识，掌握本文说明顺序中的逻辑顺序。,（重点）,明确说明对象，理清文章思路；体会本文生动有趣的语言。,（难点）,认识岩石记录时间的功能，培养学生的探索意识和科学精神。,（重点）,学习目标,陶世龙,（,1929,），四川安岳县人，我国著名科普作家。,代表作品有,打开地下宝库的钥匙,揭开大地的秘密,地球的画像,火山和地震,多变的地球,等科普读物。,作者简介,本文选自,时间的脚印,（江苏教育出版社,1999,年版）。科普作家陶世龙毕业于北京大学地质系，参加工作后长期与地质学科打交道，在国家推动科学普及和科学大众化的倡导下，作者致力于科普写作，尤其是针对青少年的科普作品较多。这篇科普文章以记录时间的方式为切入点，向我们介绍了有关岩石的丰富而有趣的科学知识。,背景链接,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,踪,迹（）,腐,蚀,（）,浑,浊,（）,山,麓,（）,粗,糙,（）,龟,裂（）,帷,幕（）,刨,刮（）沟,壑,（）,楔,形（）钟,鼎,文（）海,枯,石烂（）,zn,jn,co,sh,w,i,p,o,h,l,zhu,xi,dn,k,字词学习,词语解释,腐蚀：,通过化学作用，使物体逐渐消损破坏；人在坏的思想、行为、环境等因素影响下逐渐变质堕落。,(,本文用义项,),浑浊：,(,水、空气等,),含有杂质，不清洁、不新鲜。,海枯石烂：,海水枯干，石头粉粹。现多用于形容经历极长的时间，但本文是原意。,龟裂：,裂开许多缝子。,胶结：,半流体干燥后变硬黏结在一起。,钟鼎文：,古代铜器上铸的或刻的文字，通常专指殷周秦汉铜器的文字。,甲骨文：,古代刻在龟甲和兽骨上的文字，内容多是殷人占卜的记录，现在的汉字就是从甲骨文演变下来的。,楔形文字：,公元前三千多年美索不达米亚南部苏马连人创造的文字，笔划像楔子，古代巴比伦人、亚述人、波斯人等都曾使用这种文字。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,贴小标题：,这些小标题可以归纳一些段落的内容，请将它们写到相应段落的开头。,整体感知,(1,5),“,时间漫谈,”,“,石头的毁灭与新生,”,“,石头上的故事,”,“,读懂记录，造福人类,”,(6,21),(22,29),(30,31),认真读课文，概括各部分大意。,第一部分,由人类记录时间踪迹的方式联想到大自然记录时间的方式，进而提出,“,岩石是怎样记下时间,”,的疑问，引人思索和探寻。,(1,5),第二部分,从,“,大自然中的各种物质都时时刻刻在运动着,”,这一规律入手，详尽说明岩石,“,烂,”,与,“,生成,”,的变迁，旨在说明岩石层与层之间的顺序记录了时间的踪迹。,(6,21),状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第四部分,启发人们探索自然奥秘，说明读懂岩石记录的重大意义。,第三部分,说明岩石为我们记录下的历史痕迹。,(22,29),（,30-31,）,快速通读课文，找一找：文中有些段落只有一句话但起着承上启下的作用。请找出几个这样的例子，并作简要分析。,5,、,7,、,18,、,22,、,24,、,27,1.,岩石是怎样记录下时间的呢？（,5,）,承上启下，由人类记录时间的方式，引出岩石记录时间方式的探寻。,2.,真的有,“,海枯石烂,”,的时候。（,7,）,开启下文，说明岩石,“,毁灭,”,的过程。,3.,经过长期的重压和胶结，那些碎石和泥沙重新形成了岩石。（,18,）,总括上文，总结了岩石,“,毁灭,”,之后再度,“,新生,”,的过程。,4.,岩石保存了远比上面所说的多得多的历史痕迹。（,22,）,承上，收住有关岩石自身解体与新生的话；启下，解读下文有关岩石上的历史痕迹。,5.,从,“,死,”,的石头上，我们看到了地壳的活动。（,24,）,概括评价上一段的叙述内容。,6.,化石是历史的证人，它帮助我们认识地球历史的发展过程。（,24,）,承上文，化石的作用；启下文，说明化石是怎样帮我们认识地球历史的发展过程的。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,自由读课文，思考：课文主要介绍分析岩石记录时间的奇异功能，为什么不直接进入正题，而要先引用高士其的话？,课文精讲,时间伯伯，,你是最伟大的旅行家，,你从不犹豫你的脚步，,你走过历史的每一个时代。,高士其时间伯伯,引用高士其的话把时间拟人化，一方面与主题照应，另一方面，通过引用，由生活时间引入地质时间，更切合读者实际生活，吸引读者。文题,“,时间的脚印,”,实际上是,“,从岩石上，可以看到时间的长短,”,的意思。,自由读,1-5,自然段，,说一说,：,1.,现在的人们是怎样记录时间的？,钟表和日历,2.,中国古代用什么来记录时间？,铜壶滴漏,3.,本文中提到的岩石有什么作用？,它是大自然用来记录时间的。,铜壶滴漏,水从一个铜壶缓缓地滴进另一个铜壶，时间过去了，这个壶里的水空了，那个壶里的水却又多了起来。时间是看不见的，但是我们用水滴记下了逝去的时间。,小知识,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,自由读,6-21,自然段，分组讨论：,1.,岩石的,运动规律,是什么？,被破坏,被搬运、被堆积,重新生成岩石,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.,你能根据书上的有关内容概述石烂到新生的过程吗？,岩石,小石子,沙砾、泥土,新岩石,沉淀,重压,胶结,3.,人们是怎样根据岩石来判断时间的？（重点读第,19,自然段）,可从,岩层厚度,、,排列顺序,、,地壳运动,等方面思考。,岩层厚度：,1,米厚（,3000,10000,年）；,排列顺序：最早形成的躺在最下面；,地壳运动：平卧的岩层变得歪斜甚至直立。,自由读,22-29,自然段，分组讨论：,1.,岩石是怎样保存历史痕迹的？,可从,岩石结构,、,石头颜色,、,生物化石,等方面去考虑。,岩石结构,反映地壳的活动,石头颜色,反映远古的气候,生物化石,反映历史的发展,2.,岩石保存了哪些历史的痕迹？,地壳的活动；,气候的变化；,古代生物的状况；,地球历史的发展过程；,自然界转瞬即逝的活动。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.,人类是怎样根据岩石来认识地球的发展历史的？,根据不同类型的化石去思考。,三叶虫化石,“,寒武纪,”,海洋宽广,大树木化石,“,石炭纪,”,温暖潮湿,长毛兽化石,“,第四纪,”,气候寒冷,三叶虫化石,小知识,细细品味最后一段，说一说：读懂岩石记录有什么重大意义？,不仅可以增加知识，而且可以探寻地下,“,宝藏,”,，更有无穷的大自然奥妙存在。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,狂风吹来了，洪水冲来了，冰河,爬,来了，碎石、沙砾、泥土被它们带着，开始了旅行。,把,“,爬,”,字改成,“,流,”,字可以吗？为什么？,不好。用,“,爬,”,字，形象生动，而且显出移动的缓慢。,品析语言,在受到重压的时候，有一些物质填充到泥沙中的孔隙里去，就使泥沙,胶结,得更紧密了。,把,“,胶结,”,改成,“,粘合,”,可以吗？为什么？,不可以。用,“,胶结,”,准确地表明了泥沙变成岩石所起的变化。,岩石在最初生成的时候，像书页一样平卧着，一层层地叠在一起，最早形成的,“,躺,”,在最下面。,把,“,躺,”,字改成,“,铺,”,字好吗？为什么？,不好。,“,躺,”,字，与平卧呼应，且形象生动。,1.,课文在说明岩石可以记录时间后，接着写了一段介绍北京故宫,“,铜壶滴漏,”,的内容，这是否偏离了文章的主题？,深入探究,没有偏离主题，原因：增强文章吸引力，使人联想到岩石记录时间的方式也会很有趣；这是一种做铺垫的写法，人类记录时间的方式有如此奇异的，那么大自然记录时间的方式会更奇妙，更具内涵。,2.,从本文的说明顺序和探索意义上谈谈你所获得的启示。,通过本文的学习，我们了解到常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序。同时我们还知道岩石原来也能记下时间，岩石就是一部无字的史书。其实岂止岩石？大自然中的一事一物，都是一部蕴含深刻内容的史书。陶先生不过是给我们拉开了帷幕的一角而已，我们要不断丰富自己的知识，用自己的智慧和才能去探求大自然的奥秘，来造福人类。,3.,本文向我们介绍了有关岩石的丰富而有趣的科学知识，你由此对科普类文章有了怎样的认识呢？大家讨论讨论，然后踊跃争当中心发言人，谈谈大家的认识。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,总述自然界各种物质的运动,人类记录时间,时间脚印岩石记录,分说岩石,“,烂掉,”,的原因和过程,岩石层记录时间的踪迹,岩石记录的历史痕迹启发人们探索自然奥秘,分说岩石生成的过程和历时的漫长,时间的脚印,总说岩层与岩层之间的顺序记录时间的踪迹,大自然记录时间,板书设计,本文以充满智慧的笔触，娓娓而谈岩石能够记录时间的脚印的原因，记录的内容和人类读懂大自然这种记录的重大意义，以丰富的实例和富有启发性的语言，引起人们探索自然奥秘的兴趣。,主旨概括,1.,条理清晰，有逻辑性。,文章第二部分，首先总说自然界各种物质的运动。然后分说岩石的原因和过程。接下来分说岩石生成的过程和历时的漫长。最后总说岩层与岩层之间的顺序记录时间的踪迹。层次分明，条理清晰。,写作借鉴,2.,语言生动形象。,本文语言生动形象，把时间拟人化，既给人以知识，又给人一种亲切感。例如，作者采用了排比句式，如,“,炎热的阳光烘烤着它，严寒的霜雪冷冻着它，风吹着它，雨打着它,”,说明了岩石遭受到来自多方面的破坏。再如，采用打比方的说明方法，使说明生动、形象，如,“,如果大量的水结成了冰，刨刮着所遇到一些石头,”,。,拓展延伸,少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。,一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴。,放弃时间的人，时间也放弃他。,时间就像海绵里的水，只要愿挤，总还是有的。,莫等闲，白了少年头，空悲切！,逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜。,人们对时间感受的名言：,找一找：文中运用了哪些说明方法，试举例说明。,课外阅读有关科普读物。,课后作业,赠送以下课件,第,1,课时,第,2,课时,第,1,课时,新,课,导,入,你知道这是什么吗？,3,天 窗,快速浏览课文，思考：什么是天窗？,在屋顶开一个小方洞，装一块玻璃，叫作,“,天窗,”,。,教师小结,天窗虽小，却给孩子们带来了无穷的乐趣，让孩子们的童年充满想象。,初,读,课,文,阅读要求：,用自己喜欢的方式阅读课文，读准字音，读通句子。,边读边画出课文中的生字、词语，遇到难读的生字或词语多读几遍。,生字学习,我会读,慰,藉,卜,w,i,ji,b,形近字,慰（）,蔚（）,安慰,蔚蓝,藉（）,籍（）,慰藉,书籍,我会写,慰藉 卜落卜落 锐利 河滩 帐子,闪烁 蝙蝠 霸气 猫头鹰,结构：,部首：,yn,鹰,半包围,广,重难点字书写指导,结构：,部首：,b,霸,上下,雨,书写指导：,上短下长，注意雨字头的写法。,认读词语,慰藉 扫荡 威力 锐利 河滩,帐子 闪烁 奇幻 黑影 蝙蝠,霸气 猫头鹰 复杂,整,体,感,知,快速默读课文，想想天窗给乡下的孩子带来了什么？用书上的一句话概括。,小小的天窗是你唯一的慰藉。,请大家小声读,1,3,自然段，边读边思考：天窗在哪儿？为什么要开天窗？,暖和的晴天，木板窗扇扇打开，光线和空气都有了。,碰着大风大雨，或者北风呼呼叫的冬天，木板窗只好关起来，屋子里就黑得像地洞似的。,于是乡下人在屋顶开一个小方洞，装一块玻璃，叫作,“,天窗,”,。,（为了让光线从屋顶射进来）,课堂小结,漆黑的屋子里有了天窗，有了亮光，天窗就成了孩子们唯一的慰藉，这又是为什么呢？,新,课,导,入,玩，是每一个孩子的天性，想象也是孩子们特有的优势，即使一方小小的天窗，也会成为孩子们的一个好玩的世界。这就是著名作家茅盾在,天窗,一文中告诉我们的信息。,第,2,课时,天 窗,整体感知,请选择自己喜欢的读书方式自读课文，思考：课文主要是围绕哪句话来写的？,小小的天窗是你唯一的慰藉。,安慰,再读课文,默读课文，边读边思考：在什么情况下，小小的天窗是孩子们唯一的慰藉？,圈画出文中相关的词、句、段，在空白处适当标注。,夏天阵雨来了时，孩子们顶喜欢在雨里跑跳，仰着脸看闪电，然而大人们偏就不许。,“,到屋里来啊！,”,随着木板窗的关闭，孩子们也就被关在地洞似的屋里了。这时候，小小的天窗是你唯一的慰藉。,“,这时候,”,是什么时候？,夏天阵雨来了时。,为什么,“,小小的天窗是你唯一的慰藉,”,？,当孩子被唤回屋里，告别了疾风暴雨中的玩耍，告别了月光下草丛中的嬉戏，天窗便成了唯一的心灵寄托，唯一的自我安慰。,此刻孩子们的心情是怎样的？能不能联系自己的生活实际说说，你在什么时候也有过这样的心情？,我会说,“,到屋里来啊！,”,这句应该用怎样的语气读？,命令、不可违抗,进屋,“,被关在地洞似的屋里了。,”,此时孩子们的心情怎样？,无奈,被逼,小结,在失落和无奈中，天窗给孩子们的心灵带来。因此天窗是孩子们唯一的慰藉。,从那小小的玻璃，你会看见雨脚在那里卜落卜落跳，你会看见带子似的闪电一瞥；你想象到这雨，这风，这雷，这电，怎样猛厉地扫荡了这世界，你想象它们的威力比你在露天真实感到的要大十倍百倍。,从那小小的玻璃，你会看见雨脚在上面，你会看见闪电的身影；你想象到这雨，这风，这雷，这电，怎样猛厉地下着，你想象它们的威力比你在露天真实感到的要大十倍百倍。,通过刚才的比较朗读，你发现了什么？,课文运用了拟人、比喻的手法，使文章语言更生动形象。,模仿,“,想象,”,请运用拟人或比喻的手法将句子写具体：,这雨，像泼，像倒，从屋顶直泻下来；这风，用力地撕扯着大地；这雷，一声怒吼，震耳欲聋；这电，带子似的飞速一瞥。,“,扫荡,”,给了你怎样的感觉？为什么通过天窗感受到的风雨雷电的威力，比在露天真实感受到的要大十倍百倍？,孩子们的想象力是无穷无尽的。,同学们,充分发挥你们的想象，透过小小的玻璃，你还可能看到什么？,发明这天窗的大人们，是应得感谢的。因为活泼会想的孩子们知道怎样从,“,无,”,中看出,“,有,”,，从,“,虚,”,中看出,“,实,”,，比任何他看到的都更真切，更阔达，更复杂，更确实！,为什么要感谢发明,“,天窗,”,的大人们？,为什么说天窗是神奇的？,天窗给了孩子们无限的想象空间,神奇,“,无,”“,有,”“,虚,”“,实,”,为什么要加引号？为什么说活泼会想的孩子会从,“,无,”,中看出,“,有,”,，从,“,虚,”,中看出,“,实,”,？,孩子们是善于想象的，想象出的东西比现实看到的更丰富。句中的,“,有,”,与,“,实,”,指的就是想象出来的事物。孩子们的想象既基于已有的生活经验，又可以自由联想，自由组合，天马行空，所以就会更,“,真切、阔达、复杂、确实,”,了。,拓,展,交,流,同学们，在你们失落和无奈的时候，什么事是你的慰藉呢？,小练笔,大家也来像作者这样把自己的经历记录下来，为自己的童年增添一笔美好的回忆。,课后阅读,请大家课后读一读茅盾先生的其他作品。,天窗,天窗的由来,唯一的慰藉,赞美天窗,阵雨来时,晚上,看见,想象,仰脸偷看,浮想联翩,木板窗关上后屋内像地洞,从,“,无,”,中看出,“,有,”,童心关不住,想象飞出来,板书设计,