中考英语专题复习课件：简单句-并列句-复合句课件(41张).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,中考英语专题复习,简单句,，,并列句,，,复合句,英语句子种类,I,、按交际用途分,陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,感叹句,II,、按句子结构分,简单句,并列句,复合句,一、简单句,(simple sentence),（,1,）只包含一个主谓结构,Mary,opened,the door.,（,2,）两个主语和一个谓语,Steve,and,his friend,are coming to dinner.,（,3,）一个主语和两个谓语,Mary,opened,the door and,greeted,the guests.,简单句的五种基本句型,英语句子长短简繁不一，表面上似乎难以捉摸，但可以从实质上发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。即可以归纳成,五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装,。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。,(1),主语,+,不及物动词,(S+Vi),He,laughed,.,(2),主语,+,连系动词,+,表语,(S+V+P),The weather,is,very cold.,(3),主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,(S+Vt+O),I,like,Chinese food,.,(4),主语,+,及物动词,+,间宾,+,直宾,(S+Vt+IO+DO),She taught,them,physics,.,(5),主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,+,宾补,(S+Vt+O+C),We must keep the room,warm,.,(6)There be,句型,There is a book and two pens on the desk.,基本句型 一,(subject),+V,(verb),（主谓）,特点,:,句子的,谓语动词,都能表达,完整,的意思。这类动词叫做,不及物动词,，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,主语,可有修饰语,-,定语,，,谓语,可有修饰语,-,状语。,1.,The,red,sun,rises,in the east.,2.,We,got up,early so as to help farmers pick fresh apple,s,.,3.,She,sat,under the tree alone,reading,a novel,written,by Hellen Keller.,常用的不及物动词（,vi.),listen,talk,work,run,swim,jump,rise,laugh,come,go,arrive,happen,look,等。,属性动词,:,wash,sell,wear,read,write,等与,well,easily,smoothly,等副词连用,基本句型 二,+,+,（,主系表,）,特点：句子谓语动词都,不能,表达一个完整的意思，必须,加上,一个表明主语身份或状态的,表语,构成,复合谓语,，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做,(,连,),系,动词。,系动词可分四类：,1,）,be,本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用,后可接动词外的任何词；,2,）感官动词类,look,feel,smell,taste,sound,等,+,adj.,3,）表示变化：,get,grow,become,turn,go,等,+adj.,4,）表示状态延续：,stay,keep,remain,stand,等,+adj.,1,天越来越冷了。,2,孩子不久就睡着了。,3,他长得相当高了。,4,听到这消息她脸色变得苍白。,It gets colder and colder.,Soon the child,fell asleep,.,She went,pale,at the news.,He,has grown,quite tall.,基本句型 三,+,+,（,主谓宾,）,特点：谓语动词都是,实义动词,，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做,及物动词,。,本结构是由主语,+,及物的谓语动词,+,宾语构成。宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。,e.g.,1.I dont know,if he can come tomorrow,.,2.They havent decided,where to go next,.,3.She stop,ped,teaching English,two years ago.,4.Mother promises,to give me,a present,.,基本句型 四,+,+InO+D,（,主谓间宾直宾,）,特点：谓语动词必须跟有,两个,宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的,直接承受者,，另一个是动作的,间接承受者,。通常可改为,S+V+DO+to/for+InO,e.g.She gave me an apple.,=She gave an apple,to,me.,She made a beautiful dress,for,me.,用,to,侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。,用,for,侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。,常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助,to,的）,bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,take,等；,（需借助,for,的）,buy,cook,choose,do,draw,find,get,fetch,make,order,sing,save,play,等。,基本句型 五,+,+,+O,（,主谓宾宾补,）,特点：,动词虽然是,及物动词,，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整,.,宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或,主表关系,可以用做宾补的有：,名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词,等。,判断原则：能表达成,宾语,是,/,做,e.g.We made him,manager,.,The sun keeps us,warm,.,I heard him,singing,.,You must,get,your hair,cut.,I found,it,very pleasant,to be with your family,.,注意：,同一个动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应,掌握动词的类型,。以,get,为例：,Hes getting angry.,(S V P),Youll get a surprise.,(S V O),He got,his shoes and socks,wet.,(S V O C),在句子中,词类,也影响句子的句型和意思,:,I found the book,easily,.,我很容易地找到了这本书。,(,S V O,）,I found the book,easy.,我觉得这本书很容易。,（,S V O C,）,英语基本句型,6 There be,句型,说明：此句型是由“,there+be+,主语,+,状语,”,构成，用以表达存在关系可以称“,有,”,。它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词,be,之后，,there,仅为引导词，并无实际语意。注意观察下面的句子：,There,is,a pen,two rulers in the box.,There is a purse,lying,on the ground.,There are five minutes,left,now.,There is a lot of work,to do,.,There is a radio on the table,isnt there,?,There,may be,a rain this afternoon.,There,used to be,a cinema here.,此句型有时不用,be,动词，而用,live,stand,come,go,lie,arrive,等。如：,There,stands,a hill in the middle of the park.,Once upon a time there,lived,an old king in the town.,Be,与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。如：,现在有,there is/are,过去有,there was/were,将来有,there will be,；,there is/are going to be.,现在已经有,there has/have been,可能有,there might be.,肯定有,there must be,过去曾经有,there used to be,似乎有,there seems/seem/seemed to be,碰巧有,there happen/happens/happened to be,二、并列句,(compound sentence):,把两个或几个简单句用,并列连词,连接起来，则成为一个并列句。,I got up late.,I didnt catch the bus.,I got up late,so,I didnt catch the bus.,I bought my sister a present.,She didnt like it.,I bought my sister a present,but,she didnt like it.,并列句,并列句,常用并列连词,coordinating conjunctions,平行并列连词,:,转折并列连词：,因果并列连词,:,选择并列连词,:,and,bothand,not only,but also,neithernor,but,however,while,yet,，,when,for,so,therefore,adv.,因此；所以,or,otherwise,eitheror,adv.,否则；另外；在其他方面,1.August is the time of the year for harvesting,_every day I work from,dawn,until dark.,黎明,2.He is a basketball fan,_ his wife is a volleyball fan.,n.,刺，叮，螫；刺伤，,3.Honey is sweet,_ the bee stings.4.Dont be late,_there is a meeting.,5.Hurry up,_youll be late.,6.He works hard _his brother is a lazy bone.,7.He was enjoying his KFC _ a friend came.,练习一：用连词填空,so,and,but,for,or,while,when,三、复合句,:,主句,+,从句,主句是一个完整的句子,(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。,从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在,.,By the time he arrived,1,we had already left,.,2,请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。,从句,主句,在复合句中，主要包含以下类型从句：,1.,状语从句,2.,定语从句,3.,名词性从句,：,宾语从句,主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,指出下列各从句的类型：,I hope,that everything is all right.,She was reading the newspaper,when I came in,.,She is the girl,who sings best of all.,宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句,He has found out.She was late.(why),请用括号中所给的词把每组句子连接为一个复合句。,I still remember the day.I first came to Beijing on that day.(when),I still remember the day when I first,came to Beijing.,He has found out why she was late.,9,种状语从句 即用作状语的分句,1,、时间（,after,before,as,when,while,since,till,until,when,as soon as;,）；,2,、地点（,where,wherever,）；,3,、方式（,as,as if,）；,4,、程度,/,比较（,asas,more than,）；,5,、原因（,because,since,as,）；,6,、结果（,so that,sothat,suchthat,）；,7,、目的（,so that,in order that,）；,8,、条件（,if,unless,）；,9,、让步（,though,although,even if/though,whenever,wherever,whoever,whichever,however,no matter how,whether,）,。,并列复合句,即并列连词连接了带从句的并列句。,English is widely used in the world,but,China has the largest number of people,who speak Chinese,.,请用所学知识改正下列病句,My roommate was sleeping,we didnt want to wake her up.,I went to bed.Because I was,tired.,My roommate was sleeping.,We didnt want to wake her up.,My roommate was sleeping,so,we didnt want to wake her up.,I went to bed because I was,tired.,练习二、简单句、并列句和复合句,一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：,1.We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.,2.The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.,3.There is a chair in this room,isnt there?,4.My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.,简单句,复合句,简单句,简单句,5.He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.,6.He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.,7.Neither has he changed his mind,nor will he do so.,8.What he said at the meeting is very important,isnt it?,9.The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.,10.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.,并列句,复合句,并列句,复合句,简单句,简单句,三、选择填空：,1.Give me one more minute _ Ill be able to finish it.,A.andB.orC.ifD.so,2.Its the third time that John has been late,_?,A.hasnt heB.isnt he,C.isnt it D.hasnt it,3._ joyful he was to meet his brother again!,A.HowB.WhatC.What aD.What an,4.Let us pass,_?,A.shant weB.shall weC.wont weD.will you,5.I suppose hes serious,_?,A.do IB.dont IC.is heD.isnt he,6.You had better not smoke here,_?,A.will you B.had you,C.shall you D.have you,7.Train as hard as you can _ youll win the swimming competition.,A.thenB.butC.andD.or,8.Im sorry to have to say this,_ you forgot to turn off the lights when you left the room last night.,A.andB.butC.so D.because,9.John has not yet passed the driving test,and _.,A.Henry hasnt too B.Henry also has not either,C.neither Henry has D.neither has Henry,10.There are many sports lovers in his office.Some love climbing,_ others enjoy swimming.,A.orB.for,C.while D.so,11.-Do you feel like going out _ would you rather have dinner at home?,-Id like to go out.,A.or B.and C.butD.so,12.-“_ is the temperature today?”,-“Its 38 degrees.”,A.WhichB.HowC.How hot D.How high,13.-Your uncle isnt an engineer,is he?-_.,A.Yes,he isnt B.No,he isntC.No,he is D.He is,14._ friendly _ to everyone!,A.How,is sheB.What,is sheC.How,she isD.What,she is,15.Mary went to bed early,_ she felt very tired.,A.orB.soC.for D.yet,16.Mother _ a dress when she cut her finger.,A.was makingB.makesC.is makingD.made,17.He lay in bed _ read something borrowed from library.,A.butB.andC.or D.yet,18.-Id really like some lunch but I have so much work to do.,-_ what you want and I can get it for you.,A.Tell me B.If you would say to me,C.You will tell me D.If you tell me,19.As he is strong,_ can lift one hundred pounds.,A.yet heB.but heC.andD.he,20.-I thought you had an umbrella.,-I had,_ Ive lost it.,A.sinceB.butC.becauseD.so,21._ down the radio-the babys asleep in the next room.,A.Turning B.To turn C.Turned D.Turn,22.-I dont like chicken _ fish.,-I dont like chicken _ I like fish very much.,A.and,andB.and,but,C.or,and D.or,but,23.-Would you like to come to dinner tonight?-Id like to,_ Im too busy.,A.andB.soC.asD.but,24.Would you like a cup of coffee _ shall we get down to business right away?,A.andB.thenC.or D.otherwise,25.She set out soon after dark _ home an hour later.,A.arrivingB.to arriveC.having arrivedD.and arrived,26.“Cant you read?”Mary said _ to the notice.,A.angrily pointingB.and point angrilyC.angrily pointedD.and angrily pointed,27.She thought I was talking about her daughter,_,in fact,I was talking about my daughter.,A.whom B.where C.which D.while,28._ it with me and Ill see what I can do.,A.When leftB.LeavingC.If you leaveD.Leave,29.-Alice,you feed the bird today,_?-But I fed it yesterday.,A.do youB.will you,C.didnt youD.dont you,30._ him and then try to copy what he does.,A.MindB.Glance atC.Stare atD.Watch,Bye-bye!,色彩斑斓的文化生活,文化生活的喜与忧,喜,忧,影响,文化市场和大众传媒的发展给文化生活带来许多可喜的变化,文化市场的自发性和传媒的商业性引发令人忧虑的现象,措施,加强管理，正确引导（政府）,发展大众文化,文化需求的特点：,多层次、多样化、多方面,含义,面向广大人民，反映人民的利益与呼声，为人民大众所喜闻乐见的社会主义文化。,温故知新,第一框：,建设社会主义文化强国,第 九 课,坚持中国特色社会主义文化发展道路,1.,知道中化文化复兴的必然选择。,2.,理解中国特色社会主义文化的内涵。,3.,识记和理解建设社会主义文化强国、走中国特色社会主义文化道路的原因及二者的关系。,4.,把握推动社会主义文化繁荣昌盛的措施。,重点：,把握推动社会主义文化繁荣昌盛的措施。,难点：推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创造性发展。,学 习 目 标,说一说，中华文化近代的衰微的原因？,内因：封建专制制度日渐没落,外因：西方工业文明的冲击,知识回顾,问题：如何再创中华文化新的辉煌？,“全盘西化”论,文化复古主义,(,一,),中国文化复兴的必然选择,1,、中国先进文化的求索,全盘西化论：,该思潮最早出现于戊戌变法时期，形成于,20,世纪,30,年代，主要人物是胡适、陈序经等人。它认为百事不如人,物质不如人,制度不如人,道德不如人,知识不如人,文学不如人,音乐不如人,艺术不如人,身体不如人，肯认错了，方肯死心塌地地去学人家。,民族虚无主义,文化复古主义：,是近代产生的一种文化思潮，它是在中西文化的对撞中产生的。复古主义的代表人物是林纾、章士钊。认为传统文化的千年道统是不能放弃的，中国文化的唯一出路就是重新确立传统文化的主导地位，他们坚决反对西化主张，要求返回孔孟之道，在社会上提倡尊孔运动，倡导诵经复古。,守旧主义 封闭主义,