肛管疾病.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,直肠与肛管,直肠（,Rectum,）,乙状结肠直肠曲,(Rs),直肠腹膜上段,(Ra),直肠腹膜下段,(Rb),齿状线,（,Dentate Line,）,肛管（,Anal Canal,）,肛门（,Anus,）,2,5,4,3,1,直肠肛管的交界处,齿状线,（,Dentate Line,）,2,直肠腔内解剖、括约肌和肛垫,3,肛管周围的肌肉,内括约肌,Internal Sphincter,外括约肌,External Sphincters,深部,Deep ESM,top loop,浅部,Superficial ESM,intermediate loop,皮下部,Subcutaneous ESM,basal loop,肛提肌,Levator Ani Muscle,Pelvic Floor,4,直肠肛管周围间隙,盆腔腹膜,直肠后间隙,(,右,),骨盆直肠间隙,(,左,),肛提肌,(,右,),坐骨肛管间隙,(,左,),坐骨肛管横隔,(,右,),肛门周围间隙,(,左,),皮肤,直肠、肛管四周充满脂肪结缔组织间隙，是感染的常见部位。,5,肛裂,Triad of Anal Fissure,Anal Fissure,Hypertrophic Papilla,Fissure Itself,Sentinel Skin Tag,6,直肠肛门周围脓肿,（,Perianorectal Abscesses,）,7,Horseshoe Abscess,Hourglass Abscess,8,9,直肠肛门瘘（,Anorectal Fistula,）,10,痔的分类,（,Hemorrhoids,）,内痔（,Internal Hemorrhoid,）,期：大便带血,期：大便时内痔脱出，便后自行还纳,期：不能自行还纳，需用手推入肛门内,期：大小恒定永久脱出,Prolapsed Internal hemorrhoid,或嵌顿绞窄,Inreducible or Incarcerated In.hemorrhoid,外痔（,External Hemorrhoid,）,结缔组织外痔,静脉曲张外痔,炎性外痔,血栓性外痔,Thrombosed External hemorrhoid,11,12,