中考英语复习词义猜测wjf.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Teacher:Ms Wen,Welcome to,my class!,1,2,3,4,5,6,Guessing game,animal,fat and cute,black and white,What is it?,1,2,3,4,5,6,girl,thin,long straight hair,dance and sing well,Who is she?,We use some,key words,to guess sth./sb.,If you meet new words when reading,what will you do?,1.Pay no attention and continue reading.,2.Look them up in the dictionary.,3.Guess,the meaning.,How?,初中阅读技能训练,-词义猜测,How to guess the meaning of the words?,词义猜测,词义猜测题是阅读理解的一个重要题型，主要考查,根据短文已知信息猜测文章未知词语的能力,。词义猜测有两种考查形式：一种是选择短文中某个,词语的英文含义,，一种是选择短文中某个,词语的汉语意思,。,He,is,a,dentist,that is to say,a person whose job is to take care of peoples teeth.,牙医,起解释说明作用,即学即练,2.I made some coffee but it was terrible.,In fact,my sister said it was,undrinkable,.,Tip 2:,构词法：根据词根、前缀、后缀猜测词义。,Key words:,1),词根,2),前缀,3),后缀,drink,喝,-able,可以的,un-,不,Guess the meaning,不能喝的,Can you guess the right meanings?,粗心的,不可能的,误解,不同意,超市,不高兴,重建,super-,超级,-less,mis-,un-,im-,re-,dis-,无,误,不、非,不,再、反复,不,super,market,care,less,mis,understand,un,happy,im,possible,re,build,dis,agree,-able,能够,suit,able,合适的,即学即练,The boy had a happy family before.However,after the war,he became,homeless,.,home,家,-less,否定后缀：没有,无家可归的,3.,If you agree,write“Yes”;if you,dissent,write“No”.,Tip 3:,同反义词法：根据同义词或反义词猜测词义。,作者可能会用一个,近义词,或者,同义词,去解释另一个更难的词，以便使他的文字意思更清楚，近义词往往出现在同一句或者同一段落中。,disagree,Guess the meaning,Mr.,White loves to talk,his wife is also,as,loquacious,as him.,爱说话的，多嘴的,同义关系,即学即练,4.I could see nothing because the light was too,faint,.,因果关系,dark,Tip 4:,因果关系法：根据前后句因果关系猜测词义。,key words:,(1),because,(2)so,(3)as,since,for,Guess the meaning,All his attempts to unlock the door was,futile,because she was using the wrong key.,useless,因果关系,即学即练,5.He is a,punctual,boy,but he was late,this morning.,转折关系,守时的,Tip 5:,对比转折法：根据反义词或对比关系猜测词义。,Key words:,but,however,although,though,，,while(,然而,),rather than,instead of,Guess the meaning,He had been getting better,however,during the night his condition,deteriorated,.,恶化,转折关系,即学即练,6.,Its our duty to protect it and everybody has,responsibility,to protect the earth.,并列关系,责任,Tip 6:,并列关系,：,利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。,Key words:,and,also,as as,the same as,Guess the meaning,有害的,即学即练,Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes,is,detrimental,to your health.They also,regard drinking as harmful.,并列关系,7.,Land pollution is caused by,solid,waste,such as cans,bottles and some plastic things which arent broken down quickly.,举例说明,固体,Tip 7:,举例归纳法：,根据例子隶属的类别归纳出词义。,Key words:,such as,like,，,for example,for instance,Guess the meaning,On the farm they mainly raise,poultry,such as chickens,ducks and geese,for their eggs and meat.,家禽,即学即练,举例说明,8.,But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long time.Then there will be a,drought,.,生活常识经验,dry,Tip 8:,生活常识经验：,根据自身的直接或间接的经验，运用自己已有的常识,以及英美国家的风俗习惯、宗教信仰、社会生活等将生词推测出来。,Guess the meaning,In the old days,when girls from rich families,were married to their husbands,they expected to bring with themselves plenty of,dowry,.,即学即练,嫁妆,生活常识,经验,定义描述,构词法,上下文,同义词,反义词,因果,关系,对比,转折,并列关系,How to guess the meaning of words?,举例归纳,Competition,1,2,3,4,100,1,2,3,4,1 2,3,4,1,2,3,4,200,300,400,1.I will not make friends with a,dishonest,person.,不诚实的,2.Tom cant play tennis now,because he cant find his white,sneakers,.,A.money B.bowls,C.shoes D.books,3.Although the early morning had been very cool,the noonday sun was,tropical,.,hot,4.Yuan Longping,the father of,hybrid rice,won the World Food Prize on Monday.Yuan developed the worlds first popular and widely grown hybrid rice.Hybrid rice plants can make more rice than the ones people grew before.,A.,杂交水稻,B.,玉米,C.,小米,1.There are some,glaciers,moving down the mountain valleys.,A,glacier,is a river of ice.,A,雪山,B,树枝,C,冰河,D,冰,2.Please give me your,recipe,for this cake,，,so I can make it too.,A.a dish B.directions for cooking,C.a meal D.directions to your house,3.Nowadays more and more people care about the exploitation(,开采,)of the natural,resources,such as oil.,A.,商品,B.,现象,C.,资源,D.,污染,4.Many volunteers visited the,“,left-behind”children,whose parents are working in cities before Childrens Day.,A.,留守儿童,B.,孤儿,C.,残疾儿童,l,eft-,behind,1.Studying abroad brings a heavy,burden,to the family.For most Chinese parents,the cost of studying abroad is very high.But is it worth it?,A.,任务,B.,负担,C.,责任,D.,义务,2.Did you ever hear someone speak of,a cat nap,?A cat nap is a short sleep.People take it when there is a lot to do and there isnt enough time for a full-length sleep.,A.,休息,B.,小睡,C.,睡觉,D.,做梦,3.If you know how much the,postage,is for your letter,you can buy stamps at any window.In some post offices,you can buy stamps from machines.Stamps are sold at many different prices,from one cent to many dollars.,A.,邮票,B.,邮戳,C.,邮筒,D.,邮资,post,4.It is not only drivers who cause accidents,however.People on foot,pedestrians,and bicycle riders often cause accidents,too.Pedestrians sometimes walk out into the street without looking.You should always look on both sides before stepping into the street.,The word“pedestrians”in the paragraph means_ in Chinese.,A.,行人,B.,徒步,C.,徒步竞走,D.,常散步的人,1.Miss Baker was awaked by a great noise.Their ship hit something and stopped.So much water filled the ships cabin that all the people were,in a fluster,A.,慌乱中,B.,兴奋中,C.,迷茫中,D.,从容中,2.Now there are many houses around the lake.people often use,chemicals,in their gardens.They use other chemicals inside their houses for cleaning or,killing insects(,昆虫,).There are also many business-men.Businessmen use chemicals in their machines or shops.,“Chemical”in the story means_.,A.,化学家,B,污染品,C,药品,D.,化学制品,3.,Ten ways to cheer up,Feeling a little,blue,?Here are ten fast and easy ways to smile.,Play outside Leave your house and go outside,because sun and fresh air are good for you.,Exercise When you exercise,your brain lets out a chemical.This chemical makes you feel happier.,What does the word“blue”in the first sentence mean?,A.happy B.sad C.pleased D.tired,Once you have a good idea,the next step is organization.Think through your paper before you start.Write an,outline,.You need to know what your main points are before you start your first paragraph.Use 24 main points,one paragraph each.,A.,外形,B.,提纲,C.,中心,D.,总结,Lets have another try!,About one in three Americans has a problem with sleep.Many of these people cannot fall asleep.The name of this problem is,insomnia,.Some people say,“I didnt sleep all night.”But thats not really true.They may sleep lightly and wake up several times.In the morning,they only remember the times they were awake,so they think they were awake all night.,江西省,2010,年中考真题,78.What does“insomnia”mean in this passage?,A.No sleep B.Bad sleep,C.Slow sleep D.Sleep with my dreams,B,C,D,A,75.What does the phrase“apart from”in Paragraph 3,mean?,A.except B.as for C.as well as D.besides,As she grew older,she accepted who she was.,Still,she wanted to find the missing piece of the puzzle.After finding out the place of her birthparents,Ida went to Korea in 2008.When she first arrived,she was surprised to see so many people who looked like her.However,apart from,her looks,not much could be shared with others.She knew little about the culture,food,especially the language.Beijing in Korea wasnt always easy for her.,江西省,2011,年中考真题,B,C,D,A,At once,Lion pushed his strong shoulder against the rocks to keep them from moving any further.“Ill just run over here to get something to stop the rocks,”shouted Jackal as he ran away to safety.Lion stayed,leaning,against the unmoving rocks for quite a long time before he realized that Jackal had tricked him yet again!,江西省,2012,年中考真题,70.What does the underlined word”,leaning”,mean?,A.supporting B.sleeping C.running D.sitting,B,C,D,A,江西省,2013,年中考真题,But not everyone thinks rickshaws are a good thing.The local government want to,ban,rickshaws.They believe it is wrong for one man to pull another person when there is a modern transport in the city.However,there is a problem with this plan.Many of the rickshaw drivers come from the countryside.The only job they can find in Kolkata is pulling a rickshaw.If the city bans rickshaws,these men wont have a job.So for the moment,the people of Kolkata still go by rickshaw.,79.What does the underlined word“ban”mean?,A.make B.increase C.forbid D.collect,Homework,1.Go over what we learned today.,2.Finish additional exercises.,