Unit-2-1翻译市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件.pptx

,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单句练习：,He wrestled with the crossword clue for ages before light finally dawned.,The workers and the employers look at difficulties in quite a different light.,They quickly lighted Kerosene flares to signal the SOS.,This veteran of two world wars traveled light through life and left little behind.,段落练习：,Problem with Educational System,There are 39 universities and colleges offering degree courses in Geography,but I have never seen any good jobs for Geography graduates advertised.Or am I alone in suspecting that they will return to teach Geography to another set of students,who in turn will teach more Geography undergraduates?Only ten universities currently offer degree courses in Aeronautical Engineering,which perhaps is just as well,in view of the speed with which the aircraft industry has been dispensing with excess personnel.On the other hand,hospital casualty departments throughout the country are having to close down because of the lack of doctors.The reason?University medical school can only find places for half of those who apply.It seems to me that time is ripe for the Department of Employment and the Department of Education to get together with the universities and produce a revised educational system that will make a more economic use of the wealth of talent,application and industry currently being wasted on diplomas and degrees that no one wants to know about.,1/24,标准：总体、主观,等级划分：A,+,A,A,-,B,+,B,B,-,C,+,C,C,-,D,F,符号,保留/上交,2/24,错误类型：,了解错误：一词多义、熟词生义、望文生义,语法结构、文化背景、逻辑联络,表示不妥：用词不妥、语句不顺、欧化严重,3/24,He wrestled with the crossword clue,for ages,before light finally dawned,.,天亮前，他对着字谜苦思冥想了很久，才豁然开朗。,他花了许多时间努力研究填字游戏线索直到渐渐有了眉目。,那字谜提醒，他琢磨了很长时间才恍然大悟。,The workers and the employers look at,difficulties,in quite a different light.,工人和雇主,用,截然不一样,角度,对待困难。,工人和雇主,是用,绝对不一样,眼光来,对待,这些,难题,。,工人和雇主对困难看法,很不,相同。,工人和雇主对困难看法,不大,相同。,4/24,They quickly lighted,Kerosene flares,to signal the,SOS,.,他们快速点燃满是煤油,喇叭裤,，让火焰发出SOS求救信号。,他们很快点燃了煤油闪光装置，向SOS发射求救信号。,他们赶快点着煤油灯，发出求救信号。,This veteran of two world wars,traveled light through life,and left little behind.,这些,身经两次世界大战老兵们一生处处奔走，最终什么也没留下。,这位身经两次世界大战老兵一生轻装上阵，几乎没有留下什么。,无牵无挂地度过了余生，流给后人东西廖若星辰。,油尽灯枯了。,这位身经两次世界大战老兵过了一辈子简单生活，身后也没留下什么。,5/24,Problem with Educational System,教育体系/体制/制度问题,短文翻译一定要从,总体上,把握，透彻了解全文后再下笔。,There are 39 universities and colleges offering degree courses in Geography,but I have never,seen,any good jobs for Geography graduates,advertised,.,当前全国有39所大学开设地理学位课程，但我从没看到过广告上有招聘地理专业大学毕业生好工作。,Or am I alone in suspecting,that they will return to teach Geography to another set of students,who,in turn,will teach more Geography undergraduates?,莫非只有我一个人在猜测，他们将回到学校教另一批学生地理，而这些学生又将接下去教更多学生地理？,6/24,Only ten universities currently offer degree courses in Aeronautical Engineering,which perhaps,is just as well,in view of the speed with which the aircraft industry,has been dispensing with,excess personnel.,现在只有10所大学开设航天工程学位课程，考虑到飞机制造业一直在快速地裁员，这么做没有什么不好。,On the other hand,hospital casualty departments,throughout the country have to close down because of the lack of doctors.,另首先，因为缺乏医生，全国各地医院事故急症部门不得不纷纷关门。,The reason?University medical school can only,find places,for half of those,who apply,.,理由呢？/原因何在？因为大学医学院只能为申请入学二分之一学生提供名额。,7/24,It seems to me that time is ripe for the Department of Employment and the Department of Education to get together with the universities and produce a revised educational system that will make a more,economic,use of the wealth,of,talent,application and industry,currently being wasted on diplomas and degrees,that no one wants to know about,.,这个教育系统将会更经济地利用那些现在正在被浪费在没人想知道文凭和学位上才能、勤奋和刻苦财富。,这个教育系统将更为经济地充分利用那些现在被浪费在没人想要了解文凭和学位上大量才华、专心以及勤奋时机成熟了。,在我看来，时机已经成熟，就业部和教育部应该与各大学携起手来，改革我们教育制度，使之更珍惜地使用学校人才资源，学生刻苦、勤奋精神。而现在这些人才和努力都浪费在无人感兴趣文凭和学位上。,8/24,归化和异化domestication and foreignization,美国学者L.Venuti(1995),德国学者Schleiermacher(1813),一个是让读者靠近作者，另一个是让作者靠近读者。,假如让读者靠近作者语境，他就能感受到异国情调,。,9/24,Thetranslatorcaneitherleavethewriterinpeace,asmuchaspossibleandbringthereadertohim,or,hecanleavethereaderinpeaceasmuchaspossible andbring the writertohim.,Bringthereadertotheoriginaltextwould,correspondtorequiringhimto processthetranslationincontextoftheoriginal;,Thetranslatorthustriesto transportthereadertoitslocation,which,inall,reality,isforeigntohim.(Schleiermacher,1838:219,astranslatedin Wilss,1982:33),10/24,归化(domesticatingtranslation),把一个文化中异质成份转化为另一个文化中人们所熟知内容。也就是说，用译语文化来替换源语文化内容。归化译法有利于译语文化读者了解，不过它在某种程度上牺牲了源语文化所附载信息。,严复、林纾、梁启超,傅雷,神似,论、钱钟书,化境,说,奈达（,Nida,）,11/24,异化(foreignizingtranslation),把一个文化及语言中信息以近乎保持其原来面目标方式传递给另一个文化及语言。它赋予译语全新语言成份与新奇别致表示方式，这种译法有利于两种异质文化和语言相互交流和渗透，推进它们相互融合,韦努蒂（,L.Venuti,）,鲁迅（1984:301）先生所称“洋气”，“保留原作风姿”,刘重德（1998）“欧化”,刘英凯（1994）指出归化翻译一些失误,孙致礼（）认为21世纪中国文学翻译将由归化走向异化，异化翻译将成为21世纪主流,12/24,归化例子：(assimilation),Homer sometimes nods.,智着千虑，必有一失,Take French leave,不辞而别,It was another one of those Catch-22 situations.Youre damned if you do and youre damned if you dont.,这真是又一个左右为难尴尬局面，做也倒霉，不做也倒霉。,13/24,异化例子,Money is time.,时间就是金钱,倾国倾城：,Her beauty was such as to overthrow cities and ruin States,.,Crocodile tears 鳄鱼眼泪,Silicon valley 硅谷,Hot dog 热狗,Olive-branch,橄榄枝,14/24,Unit Two,Equivalence between English and Chinese at Word Level (p.48),Word-for-word equivalence,One word with multiple equivalents of the same meaning,One word with several equivalents of different meanings,Equivalents interwoven with one another,Words without corresponding equivalents,15/24,Method of Discriminating the Meaning of a Given Word,1.According to word formation,英语：compounding,e.g.airsick,wholesale,breakthrough,affixation,e.g.disagree,strengthen,triangle,conversion e.g.He is to chair the meeting.,以及clipping,abbreviation,back formation,汉语：合成,附加,以及重合、缩略,16/24,3.According to the context and collocation,By part of speech,e.g.Workers can fish.,Time flies.,In Britain we drive on the left side of the road,not the,right,side.,在英国，车辆靠路左侧行驶而不是靠,右,恻行驶。,He hopes to be absolutely,right,about essentials.,他希望在实际问题上绝对,正确无误,。,I must answer that phone,but Ill be,right,back.,我得去接电话，,马上,就回来。,He exercised his legal,right,as Prime Minister to halt the investigation.,他行使了首相法定,权力,去阻止这场调查。,The ship,righted,itself after the big wave had passed.,大浪过后，船又,平稳,了。,Jackson tried his best to,right,his son from the charge of robbery.,杰克逊尽力,为,他儿子被指控抢劫,申冤,。,17/24,By collocation,raise,raise,a monument 树碑,raise vegetables 种植蔬菜,raise poultry 喂养家禽,raise a family 养家,raise fears 引发恐惧,raise a barrier 撤除障碍,raise the dead 使死者回生/起死回生,raise a fleet 集结一支舰队,18/24,solid,solid,geometry 立体几何,a solid citizen 可靠公民,solid silver 纯银,a solid house 坚固房子,two solid hours 足足两个小时,a solid book 内容充实书,a solid word 不带连字符号词,a solid vote 一致选票,19/24,By context,He is the,last,man to come.,他是最以后。,He is the,last,man to do it.,他决不会干那事。,He is the,last,man to consult.,根本不宜找他商议。,He is the,last,person for such a job.,他最不配干这个工作。,He should be the,last,to blame.,怎么也不该怪他。,This is the,last,place where I expected to meet you.,我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。,20/24,London Transport Company,runs,extra trains during the rush-hour.,伦敦运输企业在交通高峰时间,开,加班列车。,Election campaigns in Britain,run,for three weeks.,英国选举活动,连续,三周。,The lease on my house has only a year to,run,.,我那房子租期只有一年了。,(连续),The dyes in this fabric are guaranteed not to,run,in washing.,这种织物所用染料确保不会在洗涤时,渗化/褪色,。,The foreword of the book,runs,for six pages.,这本书序言,长,达6页。,Urban unemployment is,running,at 15 percent.,当前，城市失业率,保持,在15%。,The party is,running,two candidates in the next election.,该党将在下界选举中,提出,两名候选人。,21/24,辨析词义,1.分轻重,Though he felt his,anger,mounting,he kept perfect control of himself.,他尽管越来越,生气,，但还是很好地控制住自己。,He flew into a,rage,when he learned that his son had again failed in the examination.,他得知儿子又一次考试不及格时，,大发雷霆,。,Mad with,fury,he pounded his fists on the wall and beat his breast.,他,气得发疯,，用拳头又砸墙又捶胸。,Reports of child abuse aroused public,indignation,.,一些关于虐待儿童报道引发了,公愤,。,22/24,2.论褒贬,How was the,perfect,crime found out?,Where did you get that,perfect,gemstone?,那个不露蛛丝马迹罪行是怎样查明？,你是从什么地方弄到那颗完美无暇宝石？,An,aggressive,young man can go far in this firm.,Aggressive,nations threaten world peace.,在这个企业里，主动进取年轻人大有前途。,侵略成性国家威胁世界和平。,They,incited,him to go into further investigation.,The soldier was shot for,inciting,his comrades to rise against their officers.,他们勉励他再作深入调查。,那个士兵因煽动同伙反叛长官而被枪决。,Those who do not remember the past are condemned to,relive,it.,凡是忘记故去人注定要重蹈覆辙。,23/24,According to different branches of learning and specialties,参考教材,The nucleus is the information center of the,cell,.,细胞核是,细胞,信息中枢。(In biology),In the center of the spacious workshop stood a,cell,with packets of block anodes.,在宽大车间中央有一个装有一组组阳极板,电解槽,。(In metallurgy),When the ends of a copper wire are joined to a device called an electric,cell,a steady stream of electricity flows through the wire.,当把一根铜丝两端连接到一个叫做,电池,电器上时，就会有稳定电流流过铜丝。(In electricity),When a,cell,value is changed,the values in all affected cells are recalculated automatically.,当某一,单元,值改变时，全部受影响值将被自动地重新计算。(In computer science),24/24,