汉语把字句和得字句的英译市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,汉语“把”字句英译,汉译英,第1页,国家语委,年公布,中国语言生活情况汇报,，“把”字句在全部特殊句型里出现频率最高。,第2页,“把”字句本质一：强动词结果和影响,谁,把,某人（某物）,怎么样,主,语,介,词,介,宾,动,词,（,产生结果或影响,）,例句：,爱因斯坦曾经把一张,100,美元现金看成书签。,第3页,“,把”字句本质二：介词,“,把”将宾语前置,吃药,把药吃了。,扭伤了脚,把脚扭伤了,。,送给她一张画,把一张画送给她。,第4页,“把”字句本质三：语用上强调功效,他丢了钱,Vs,他把钱丢了,丢了多少,怎样丢,第5页,“把”字句本质四：宾语确实定性,介词“把”,宾语,普通是,确定,，,即是说,已经知道是某人或物,。,如：,请把,那,本书拿来。,（,不能说：,请把一本书拿来。）,而应说：,请,拿,一本书来。,第6页,把“字”句与动宾式区分：,介词“把”宾语是,确定,，,而“动宾式”宾语,既能够是确定,，,也能够是不确定,。,如：,把,那,三个人叫来。,Fetch the three guys here,please.,叫,那,三个人来。,Fetch the three guys here,please.,叫,三个人,来。,Fetch three guys here,please.,第7页,考一考：,1.,我把,书,交给了她。,I gave her,a,book.,I,gave,her,the,book.,2.,我们把,椅子,借给了他们。,We lent them,chairs,.,We,lent,them,the,chairs.,3.,他快速把,球,扔给了另一个男孩。,He quickly threw,a ball,to another boy.,He quickly,threw,the,ball to another boy.,(),(),(),第8页,考一考：,1.,I,gave,her,a book,.,我,给,了她,一本书,。,2.We,lent,them,chairs,.,我们,借,了,些椅子,给他们。,3.He,quickly,threw,a ball,to another boy.,他快速,扔,了,个球,给另一个男孩。,第9页,“,把”字句译法：,英语没有“把”字句，也没有与“把”字相近介词；,依据汉语原句意思选择动词习惯表示法来翻译“把”字句。,第10页,译法一：含“致使”到,程度把字句，译成,V+to,（程度）,（,1,）他盛情,把我感动得流下了眼泪,His hospitality,moved me to tears.,第11页,译法二：带双宾语把字句，也译成英语双宾语句,这类把字句谓语通常为“交给”、“给”、“递给”、“送给”、“告诉”等。,经过“把”字把表示物直接宾语前置。,（,3,）我把自行车借给了他。,I lent him the bicycle.,I lent the bicycle,to him,.,(4),他们把消息告诉了,他们全部碰到,每一个人。,They told the news,to everybody,they met,.,第12页,译法三：处置式把字句，译成英语“动宾”或“动宾补”结构。,（,5,）她哭着说：“丈夫，我不曾有半点儿污，怎样,把我休,了？”（,水浒传,）。,“Husband!”she swept,“I have never wronged you in the slightest.How can you,discard me,?”,第13页,(6),这对年轻人刚,把这套房重新装修了,。,The young couple have just,had the old apartment redecorated,.,第14页,译法四：无主句“把”字句，翻译成祈使句或被动句。,（,7,）春节前，,把房子里里外外清扫一遍,。,（,8,）,把老板吓得半死,。,Give the house a thorough cleaning,before the Spring Festival.,The boss was frightened to death,.,第15页,译法五：表示“把,.,看作,”,把字句，借用,take/regard/consider ab.as.,等翻译,（,9,）不应该把马克思主义理论,当成死教条,(dogma),。,We should not,regard,Marxist theory,as,lifeless dogma.,第16页,（,10,）邻居们总是错,把我看成,我双胞胎妹妹。,The neighbors always,mistake,me,for,my twin sister.,第17页,译法六：句子过长，能够分成两句或从句来翻译,（,11,）我别无选择，只好把我写“吃意大利面条艺术”译文交了上去。,I,had no choice but,to trun in the paper entitled,The Art of Eating Spaghetti,.,第18页,(12),他要把绿豆培养成养老孩子。,He was going to bring Mung Bean up to be a child,who could provide for her parents.,第19页,课堂练习,P96 Ex.12,含“致使”到,程度把字句，译成,V+to,（程度）,带双宾语把字句，译成英语双宾语句,处置式把字句，译成英语“动宾”或“动宾补”结构；,无主句“把”字句，翻译成祈使句或被动句；,表示“把,.,看作,”,把字句，,借用,take/regard/consider sb.as.,等翻译,句子过长，,能够分成两句或从句来翻译,第20页,课堂练习,P96 Ex.12,1.The young lady in the green suit begged me to,wear this rose,on my coat.,2.My joke,made him irritated,.,3.The heat of weather makes one unable to sit still.,4.I lent all my books to my classmates.Or I lent my classmates all my books.,5.Insert the earphone plug into the socket,the built-in loudspeaker would be automatically switched off for a single person to listen without bothering others.,动宾式,动宾补式,程度,双宾语,祈使句,第21页,6.Will you tell me about your plan for the summer vacation?,7.Many people,scraped and saved,to afford their children to go to college.,8.We tend to,think of,this,as,a modern problem,but it has existed for centuries.,9.One should,take difficulties on oneself,and leave what is easy to others.,10.He mistook Xiao Wang for his twin brother.,第22页,汉语“得”字句英译,汉译英,第23页,作为结构助词“得,”,字有两种基本使用方法,:,一个是位于动词之后，连接补语，表示能力或可能性；,论唱歌，谁能比得上他？,（,Who can match him in singing,？）,另一个是位于动词或形容词之后，连接补语，表示结果或程度。,他气得说不出话来。,（,He was too angry to speak.,）,汉语“得”字，可按照其语法功效，利用英语语法或句法伎俩翻译。,第24页,1,、使用情态动词翻译,这个东西晒不晒得？,Can,we dry it in the sun or not?,这车太贵了，但我们还是买得起。,The car is too expensive,but we still,can,afford it.,一、表示能力或可能性“得”字句,2,、使用,-able,-ible,后缀形容词翻译,这种肉吃得。,Meat of this kind is edible.,她舞跳得还过得去。,Her dancing is presentable.,第25页,3,、使用短语,to be able to,to be capable of,翻译,他看得出两个意思差异。,He was able to tell the difference between the thing meanings.,他能负担得起大事。,He is capable of great things.,一、表示能力或可能性“得”字句,第26页,1,、使用,so that,、,so as to,、,such that,等短语来翻译,差异小得没人能看得出来。,It is such a tiny difference that no one can perceive it.,二、表示程度或结果“得”字句,2,、使用,tooto,、,too for,、,enough to,、,enough for,等短语来翻译,他眼睛盯着地板，担心得答不上来。,Too nervous for a reply,he stared at the floor.,第27页,3,、利用英语中“系动词,+,形容词,/,介词短语”结构来翻译,他突然变得严厉了。,He suddenly fell grave.,二、表示程度或结果“得”字句,4,、利用英语中被动结构来翻译,他被打得遍体鳞伤。,He was beaten black and blue.,第28页,二、表示程度或结果“得”字句,5,、利用英语中“动词,+,副词,/,介词短语”结构来翻译,他不住企业，却总是来得早，走得晚。,Though he doesnt live in the company,hes always arriving early and leaving late.,雪下得很大。,Its snowing hard.,练习：,5.,你考得不错呀。,第29页,6,、利用英语中,till,、,until,引导状语从句来翻译,这个孩子被打得青一块紫一块。,The boy was beaten until he was black and blue.,他把我逗得要发疯了。,He provoked me till I felt quite frantic.,父亲往杯子里倒牛奶倒得太多，都溢出来了。,Dad poured too much milk in the glass until it welled over the lip.,二、表示程度或结果“得”字句,第30页,二、表示程度或结果“得”字句,7,、其它译法,你们笑得我怪不好意思。,You guys laughed and I felt rather embarrassed.,(,使用,and,连接并列结构翻译,),第31页,动词,+,介词,警察要求司机把事故描述得更详细一些。,The police asked the driver to describe the accident in great detail.,第32页,Thank you,！,第33页,