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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,专题十一连词和状语从句,1/31,-,2,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,在句中连接单词、短语、从句或者句子词为连词。依据句子结构特点,连词通常分为并列连词和隶属连词。,1,.,并列连词按照在句中作用可分为:表并列关系连词(and,as well as,both.and.,not only.but also.,neither.nor.等)、表转折关系连词(but,yet,however,while等)、表选择关系连词(or,either.or.等)、表因果关系连词(for,so等)。,(,江苏,)It is so cold that you can,t go outside,unless,fully covered in thick clothes.,天如此冷,你不能外出,除非你全身穿上厚衣服。,2/31,-,3,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,(,浙江镇海中学高二期中考,)Change those beliefs,and,a new pattern will be created.,改变这些信念,那么就会产生新模式。,I was glad to meet Jenny again,but,I didn,t want to spend all day with her.,再次见到珍妮我很高兴,不过我不想整天和她在一起。,2,.,引导名词性从句或状语从句隶属连词主要有:that,whether,if,as,when,while,till,until,since,after,before,because,though,although,so.that,where等。,(,山东,)I don,t really like the author,although,I have to admit his books are very exciting.,我实在不喜欢这位作者,尽管我不得不认可他写书很激感人心。,3/31,-,4,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,1,.when,while,as,都可译为“当时候”,但侧重点有所不一样。,当主句动作是瞬时、从句动作是延续时,三者都能够用。,as,强调主、从句动作同时或几乎同时发生。,while,从句谓语动词必须是延续性动词,不能是非延续性动词。,She sang,as,we walked.I listened carefully,while,she was singing,and we felt happy,when,we got home.,我们一边走她一边唱,她唱时候我认真地听,到家时候我们感觉很高兴。,4/31,-,5,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,2,.until,和not.until,until,要与延续性动词连用;not.until 要与非延续性动词连用。,(,浙江镇海中学高二期中考,)Jane completed her last novel,Persuasion,in 1816,but it was,not,published,until,after her death.,Jane,在1816年完成了她最终一部小说劝导,不过这本书在她逝世后才出版。,3,.since,意为“自从以来”,其后面所用动词不一样,该动词所表示动作连续时间计算方法也不一样。,It is two years,since,he joined the army.(,他从军两年了。),It is two years,since,he smoked.(,他戒烟两年了。),5/31,-,6,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,4,.,特殊时间状语从句引导词,the moment,the minute,the instant,the second;no sooner.than.;hardly.when.,等以及表示瞬间directly,immediately等词,表示“一就”,相当于as soon as。no sooner.than.,hardly.when.结构中no sooner和hardly引导句子通惯用过去完成时,而than和when引导句子通常要用普通过去时;另外,no sooner和hardly位于句首时,句子应用部分倒装语序。,Tell him the news,the,minute,you meet Tom.,你一见到汤姆就告诉他这个消息吧。,Hardly,had I got home,when,it began to rain.,我刚到家就开始下雨了。,6/31,-,7,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,5,.by the time,也能够引导时间状语从句,意为“到时为止”,主句普通用完成时。,By,the,time,he was fourteen,Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself.(,从句为普通过去时,主句要用过去完成时),到十四岁时候,爱因斯坦已经自学完高等数学了。,6,.,几组固定形式,(1)It will be+,一段时间+before.多久之后才,(2)It is+,一段时间+since.自从以来已经有多长时间了。,(3)be about to do.when.;be doing.when.;on the point of doing.when.,正在/要做这时,7/31,-,8,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,It will be two days,before,he returns.,要过两天他才回来。,It is three years,since,I came here.,我来这里三年了。,I was doing my homework,when,my cousin came.,我正在做作业,这时候我表弟来了。,I was about to go out/on the point of going out,when,the phone rang.,我正要出去,这时电话响了。,8/31,-,9,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,惯用句型:,so+,形容词/副词+that从句,so+,形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句,so+many/much/little/few+,名词+that从句,such+a/an+,形容词+单数可数名词+that从句,such+,形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句,(,北京,)Natalie,s school was,so,damaged,that,she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.,Natalie,原来学校受损那么严重,以至于她不得不暂时在Brooklyn一个学校读书。,It is,such,fine weather,that,we all want to go out for a walk.,天气这么好,以至于我们都想出去散步。,9/31,-,10,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,1,.because,为惯用词,其语气最重,且说明是直接原因,用往返答why引导问句。,2,.as,since,和now that语气较弱,惯用来表示一些显而易见或对方知道原因。since译为“既然,鉴于”时不可用as替换。,(,山东,)Mark needs to learn Chinese,since,his company is opening a branch in Beijing.,马克有必要学习汉语了,因为他企业正在北京开设分支机构。,As,it,s raining,you,d better take a taxi.,下雨了,你最好坐出租车。,Since,everybody is here,let,s begin.,既然大家都在,那我们就开始吧。,10/31,-,11,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,引导让步状语从句连词有:though,although,while,even if/though,however,no matter how,no matter what,no matter who等。,1,.though,although,引导让步状语从句时都不能和but连用,但能够同yet(still)连用。,(,天津,),Although/Though,small,the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.,尽管这个企业很小,但它在30多个国家里有大约1000个购置者。,11/31,-,12,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,2,.while,引导让步状语从句时意为“尽管,即使”,多用于句首。,(,四川,),While,the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now,taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.,即使迄今为止,在不一样时段挤出牛奶对人类影响还没有得到检测,但那些晚上难以入睡人仍被提议服用褪黑激素药品。,3,.as/though,引导让步从句时,从句要采取倒装语序。,Child,as/though,he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.,他尽管是个孩子,但他知道怎样做是正确。,Young,as/though,he is,he is expert in this field.,他即使年轻,但在这个领域是教授。,12/31,-,13,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,4,.whether.or not,意为“不论(是否)”。,Whether,you believe it,or,not,it is true.,不论你信不信,这是真。,5,.however+,形容词/副词=no matter how+形容词/副词.,意为“不论多么”。,(,辽宁,)One can always manage to do more things,no,matter,how,full one,s schedule is in life.,一个人总是能够设法做更多事情,不论在生活中时间表安排得有多满。,13/31,-,14,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,6,.wh-ever,等一系列连词既可引导让步状语从句相当于no matter wh-,也可引导名词性从句。,No,matter,what,happened,he would not mind.=Whatever happened,he would not mind.,不论发生什么,他都不介意。,14/31,-,15,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,条件状语从句通常分为两大类:真实条件句和虚拟条件句。引导条件状语从句连词有:if,unless/if.not,as long as/so long as,as far as/so far as,provided/providing(that),on condition that等。,1,.,条件状语从句中假如主句是未来时,条件状语从句用普通现在时。假如条件状语从句中出现过去时,则为虚拟条件句,那么主句要用对应虚拟语气形式。,If,he had listened carefully,he would have done it better.,假如他认真听讲话,他会做得更加好些。,15/31,-,16,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,2,.unless,相当于if.not,在虚拟条件句中可用if.not,但不能用unless。,(10,浙江,),Unless,she reached the station before the express did,many,many lives would be lost.,除非她赶在快车前抵达车站,不然很多人将丢掉性命(性命难保)。,If,she were,not,too silly,she would understand it.,要不是她太笨话,她就了解了。,16/31,-,17,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,地点状语从句多用where和wherever引导。,(,安徽,),Where,he once felt like giving up,he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.,他现在有决心要在自己曾经想要放弃地方向前推进,坚持到底。,17/31,-,18,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,目标状语从句惯用连词(短语)有so that(方便),in order that(方便),in case等。,1,.so that/in order that,引导目标状语从句中惯用情态动词can,could等。in order that 引导目标状语从句能够放在主句之前或之后,而so that引导目标状语从句只能放在主句之后。,(,浙江考试院高三抽测,)Take action today,so,that/in,order,that,you won,t miss your opportunity next time.,今天就行动起来,这么下次机会来时你就不会错过了。,18/31,-,19,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,2,.in case,所引导状语从句中,谓语能够用虚拟语气,形式为“should+动词原形”,也能够不用虚拟语气。,You may leave the key at home,in,case,one of us should think of/thinks of coming back.,你能够把钥匙留在家里,以免我们中有些人想起要回来。,19/31,-,20,-,考点二,考点三,考点四,考点五,考点六,考点一,考点八,考点七,考点九,方式状语从句常由as(按照),just as(正像),as if=as though(好像,好像;从句可用虚拟语气)等引导。,The old lady treats the boy,as,if,he were her own son.,老人对待这个男孩就像是自己儿子一样。,20/31,-,21,-,.,用适当连词填空,1,.(10,浙江改编,),Because,Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling,we felt the bicycle would work well as a symbol of the hotel,s green profile(,形象).,2,.(10,浙江改编,)Working at home allows workers to take care of annoying housework,while/when,still getting their jobs done.,解析:,分析前后两句逻辑关系可知,前一句是原因,后一句是结果。所以,两个分句是因果关系,故用,because,引导原因状语从句。,解析:,依据句子结构可知,空格后是一个省略时间状语从句,与前面,take,care,of,annoying,housework,同时发生并延续,while/when+doing,表示,“,当在干某事时,”,。,21/31,-,22,-,3,.(10,浙江改编,)Respect your parents and teachers and value their opinions,even,if/though,they annoy you sometimes.,4,.(,北京改编,)I really enjoy listening to music,because,it helps me relax and takes me away from other cares of the day.,解析:,句意,:,要尊重师长,珍惜他们意见,即使有时他们让你很烦。依据句意填,even,if/though,引导让步状语从句。,解析:,句意,:,我真很喜欢听音乐,因为它有利于我放松心情,把我心事从日常其它忧愁中解放出来。主句和从句为因果关系,故用,because,。,22/31,-,23,-,5,.(,江苏改编,),While,some people are motivated by a need for success,others are motivated by a fear of failure.,6,.(,安徽改编,),Though/Although/While,scientists have learned a lot about the universe,there is much we still don,t know.,解析:,从句子结构来看,两个分句为对比转折关系,应用,while,表示,“,然而,”,。句意,:,有些人渴望成功而产生动力,而另一些人却因害怕失败而产生动力。,解析:,句意,:,即使科学家们对宇宙有了很多了解,不过依然有许多东西我们不知道。句中逗号前后皆为句子,所以空格处应填连词,;,依据句意前后为让步关系,故填,Though/Although/While,引导让步状语从句,意为,“,即使,”,。,23/31,-,24,-,7,.(,重庆改编,)If you miss this chance,it may be years,before,you get another one.,8,.(,陕西改编,)I believe you will have a wonderful time here,once/if/when,you get to know everyone else.,解析:,句意,:,假如你错过这次机会,可能再过多年你才会得到另一次机会。此处考查句型,“it,may,be+,时间段,+before.”,表示,“,要过才,”,。,解析:,分析句子前后逻辑关系能够看出,“you,get,to,know,everyone,else”,是,“you,will,have,a,wonderful,time”,前提,所以句子后半部分应该是一个条件或者时间状语从句。所以空格处能够填,once/if/when,。句意,:,我相信一旦,/,假如,/,当你认识了这里其它全部人,你会过得开心。,24/31,-,25,-,9,.(,天津改编,)We need to get to the root of the problem,before,we can solve it.,10,.(,北京改编,)He is a shy man,but,he is not afraid of anything or anyone.,解析:,句意,:,在我们处理问题之前,我们必须搞清问题根源。依据句意可知,先搞清根源,再处理问题,所以用,before,引导时间状语从句。,解析:,句意,:,他是一个腼腆人,不过他不害怕任何事情或任何人。前后两句在内容上组成转折关系,所以填,but,。,25/31,-,26,-,.,完成句子,1,.,我认为她不会难过,不过以防万一我还是去抚慰她一下。,I don,t think she,ll be sad but I,ll go and comfort her,in,case,she is.,2,.,除非你努力学习,不然你别指望学到什么东西。,You can never expect to learn anything,unless,you study hard.,3,.,对银行而言,只要贷款能按时偿还就好,至于怎样偿还倒不主要。,How the loan is paid should be of little concern to the bank,as,long,as,it is paid on time.,26/31,-,27,-,4,.,联合国官员说还需要好几个星期甚至几个月才能达成协议。,The UN officials say it could be many weeks and even months,before,the deal is reached.,5,.,尽管电子邮件受到越来越多人欢迎,但我更愿意写信。,Although/Though/While,email is an increasingly popular means of communication,I prefer writing letters.,27/31,-,28,-,.,依据短文内容,用恰当词填空,I really love my job because I enjoy working with small children and like the challenges and awards from the job.I also think my work is important.There was a time 1.,when,I thought I would never have that sort of career.,I wasn,t an excellent student 2.,because,I didn,t do much schoolwork.In my final term I started thinking 3.,what,I might do and found I didn,t have much to offer.I just accepted that I wasn,t the type to have a career.,28/31,-,29,-,I then found myself a job,looking after two little girls.It wasn,t too bad at first.But the problems began 4.,when,I agreed to live with them 5.,so,I would be there if my boss had to go out for business in the evening.6.,If,I had to work extra hours one week,she,d give me time off the next week.But unfortunately,it didn,t go as planned.I was getting extremely tired and fed up,because I had too many late nights and early mornings with the children.,29/31,-,30,-,One Sunday,I was in the park with the children,and met Megan 7.,who/that,used to go to school with me.I told her about my situation.,She suggested that I should do a course and get a qualification(,资格证书)8.,if,I wanted to work with children.I didn,t think I would be accepted 9.,because,I didn,t take many exams at school.She persuaded me to phone the local college and they were really helpful.My experience counted for a lot and I took a part-time course.I had to leave my job with the family,and got work helping out at a kindergarten.,Now I,ve got a full-time job there.I shall always be thankful to Megan.10.,How,I wish I had known that earlier!,You could have a career,even if you aren,t the top of the class at school.,30/31,-,31,-,解析:,1,.,分析句子结构可知,time,后为定语从句。,There,was,a,time,when.“,曾有一段时期,”,。,2,.,依据句意,此处应用,because,引导原因状语从句。,3,.thinking,后是宾语从句,且从句中缺乏宾语。,4,.when,引导时间状语从句。,5,.,此处省略了,that,。句意,:,方便我老板晚上出去做生意时,我能在那里照看孩子。,6,.agree,后是作者与老板协议内容,:,假如我有一周加班话,下一周她就会让我对应地休息。依据句意可知,此处用,if,表示条件。,7,.,分析句子结构可知,Megan,后为定语从句,且从句中缺乏主语,故用关系代词,who/that,。,8,.,句意,:,她提议假如我想做能与孩子接触相关工作,我应该学习相关课程并取得资格证书。依据句意可知用,if,表示条件。,9,.,两个分句之间是因果关系,故用,because,连接。,10,.,此处用,how,组成感叹句。,31/31,
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