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*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Astronomy:the science of the stars,Book 3 Unit 4,1/83,晨背佳作 积累素材,话题词汇,1.universe,n,.,宇宙,2.space,n,.,太空,3.spaceship/spacecraft,n,.,宇宙飞船,4.astronaut,n,.,宇航员,5.orbit,n,.,轨道,6.star,n,.,恒星,7.have a great effect on,对,有很大影响,8.make a great difference,起很大作用；产生很大影响,2/83,9.change one,s life,改变某人生活,10.benefit from,得益于，从,获益,3/83,话题佳作,伴随科技发展，人类对外层空间探索越来越深入。你们班据此展开了一次讨论，请依据表格中内容写一篇讨论稿，并谈谈你观点和想法。,支持,(,多数学生,),1.探索太空是中国人一直以来梦想；,2.有利于未来中国参加国际竞争。,反对,(,部分学生,),1.探索太空需要大量金钱，增加国家负担；,2.中国是一个发展中国家，应努力处理其它社会问题。,你观点和感想,4/83,佳作观赏,A survey about the exploration of outer space is conducted in our class.,Different students have different opinions.,The majority are in favor of space exploration because,the Chinese people have been dreaming of going into outer space for a long time,.It will help China to take part in the international competition in the future.,However,，,some students argue against it.,In their opinion,，,space exploration increases the economic burden.,In addition,，,as a developing country,，,China should try to solve other social problems.,Personally,，,it,s necessary to explore space.As a student,，,I will study hard,so that I can make a great contribution to our country,.,5/83,名师点睛,本文结构清楚：第一段引出话题；第二段说明不一样学生对太空探索两种截然不一样观点；第三段：总结自己观点。特色以下：,巧用被动语态引出话题；利用现在完成进行时表示中国人民一直以来梦想；利用含有目标状语从句复合句总结自己观点。写作过程中使用过渡和衔接词汇，如,however,，,in their opinion,，,in addition,，,personally,等，确保行文连贯，过渡自然。,6/83,基础排查点拨关键点,语篇训练提升能力,内容索引,教材升华综合利用,7/83,基础排查点拨关键点,8/83,A,.,写作必记单词,1.theory,n,.,学说；理论,theory,在理论上,2.unlike prep.,与,不一样；不像,is unlike sb.to do sth.,做某事不符合某人特点,重点单词,1,in,It,9/83,3.,adj,.,有害,(1),n,.&,v,t,.,伤害，损害,(2)be,to,对,有害,do sb.,(,do harm,sb.),伤害某人；对某人有害,There is no harm,.,做,没有坏处。,(3)If we know that gossip can be,(harm),，,then why do so,many of us do it,？,(,浙江,),harmful,harm,harmful,harm,to,in doing,harmful,10/83,4.exist,v,i,.,生存；存在,(1),n,.,生存；存在,(2)come,existence,产生；成立；开始存在,(3)There exists a good way to solve the,(exist)problem in,geography.,(4)It can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still,(,存在,).(,全国,),(5)It,(,存在于,)milk in great amount.(,四川,),existence,into,existing,in existence,exists in,11/83,5.puzzle,vt,.&,vi,.(,使,),迷惑；,(,使,),为难；,n,.,谜；难题,(1)His last paintings are perhaps the most,，,which even,all the artists.(puzzle),(2)He had a,(puzzle)look on his face.,(3)The firemen were in a puzzle about the cause of the fire.,(,同义句转换,),The firemen,the cause of the fire.,6.,adj,.,温和；文雅,puzzling,puzzle,puzzled,were puzzled about,gentle,12/83,7.pull,n,.&,vt,.,拉,(,力,),；拖；牵引力,pull,停车；停顿,pull,穿上,pull,推倒；拆掉,pull,进站；停靠,pull,康复,pull,停靠在路边,up,on,down,in,through,over,13/83,B.,阅读识记单词,8.astronomy,n,.,_,9.system,n,.,_,10.religion,n,.,_,religious,adj,.,_,11.billion,n,.&pron.&,adj,.,12.globe,n,.,_,global,adj,.,_,天文学,系统；体系；制度,宗教；宗教信仰,宗教,万亿；十亿,球体；地球仪；地球,全球性，全世界,14/83,globe,作,“,地球，世界,”,解时习惯与不定冠词连用。,all over the globe,全世界,使用方法点拨,15/83,13.,adj,.,猛烈；激烈；强暴,n,.,暴力,14.atmosphere,n,.,表示,“,大气,”,、,“,大气层,”,或,“,空气,”,时是不可数名词，它习惯与定冠词连用。,使用方法点拨,violent,violence,大气层；气氛,16/83,15.fundamental,adj,.,_,16.chain,n,.,_,17.multiply,vi,.&,vt,.,_,(1)Five,(multiply)by eight is forty.,(2)If you multiply 7,15,，,you will get 105.(,填介词,),18.gravity,n,.,_,19.satellite,n,.,_,20.physicist,n,.,_,n,.,物理学,adj,.,身体；物理,基本；基础,链子；连锁；锁链,乘；增加,multiplied,by,万有引力；重力,卫星；人造卫星,物理学家,physics,physical,17/83,21.extinct adj.,_,extinction,n,.,_,22.,n,.,气候,climate,与,weather,，都可指天气，但前者指一个地方长久较为固定气候状态，包含阴晴、干湿、风雨等情况在内，可用不定冠词修饰；而后者指某特定日子天气情况，不可用不定冠词修饰。,使用方法点拨,灭绝；绝种,灭绝,climate,18/83,23.crash,v,i,.&,v,t,.,_,24.float,vt,.&,vi,.,_,(,n,.),_,25.exhaust,v,t,.,(1),adj,.,感到筋疲力尽,adj,.,令人疲劳,(2)We were exhausted after the journey.(,同义句转换,),We,after the journey.,碰撞；坠落,(,使,),浮动；,(,使,),漂浮,漂浮物,用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽,exhausted,exhausting,exhausted ourselves,19/83,exhaust,是及物动词，其意不是,“,筋疲力尽,”,而是,“,使筋疲力尽,”,，表示某人自己筋疲力尽时，通常要带反身代词作宾语，或用被动形式,(,实为系表结构,),。,使用方法点拨,20/83,1.,及时；终于；合拍子,time,按时；按时,no time,马上，马上,no time,决不,at,time,一次,at,time,曾经；一度,高频短语,2,in time,on,in,at,a,one,21/83,2.,产生；分娩,Sheila described the adventure of,giving birth to,Perri in a tiny town in,Trinidad where her husband was doing research fieldwork.,希拉描述了在特立尼达一个小镇生育佩里时冒险经历，当初她,丈夫在该小镇做野外调查。,3.,轮到某人,turn,依次；反过来；结果,turns,轮番,take,to do,/(at/,in)doing.,轮番做,give birth to,in ones turn,in,by,turns,22/83,4.,阻止；阻止,The laws protect everyone here from,(attack).,(1),同义短语：,stop.from,，,keep.from,。,(2),在主动语态中，,stop.from,和,prevent.from,中,from,可省略；但在被动语态中,from,不可省；,keep.from,不论是在主动语态还是被动语态中都不能省略,from,。,使用方法点拨,prevent.from,being attacked,23/83,5.,挡住,(,光线,),In the early 16th century,，,people thought that dirt on the skin was a,means to,block out,disease.,在,16,世纪早期，人们认为皮肤上脏东西是阻挡疾病一个方式。,6.,感到高兴；感到振奋,(1)In the author,s eyes,，,motorheads are,(cheer)and smart.,(,天津,),(2)Cathy didn,t expect any award but was still there to,_,(,为,喝彩,/,加油,)her friends and praise their accomplishments.,(,天津,),block out,cheer up,cheerful,cheer on,24/83,7.,既然,But,now that,information is being spread and monitored(,监控,)in,different ways,，,researchers are discovering new rules.,不过因为信息正以不一样方式传输和监测，所以研究人员正在研究新,规则。,(,全国,),8.,熟悉；掌握；了解,now that,get the hang of,25/83,9.,突发；暴发,break,打断；闯进,break,结束；散开；分解,break,瓦解，垮掉；出毛病；抛锚,break,闯进；突然,起来,10.,亲密注意；当心；提防,watch,监视；看管,keep a watch,注意,watch,受监视；被看管,break out,in,up,down,into,watch out for,over,on,under,26/83,1.,was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion,years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.,随即它会变成什么没有些人知道，直到,45,38,亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地,形成一个固体球状物。,经典句式,3,What it was to become,27/83,be to do,有五层意义：,(1),表示预定，意为,“,预定,”,，相当于,be going to do,。,(2),表示义务，意为,“,应该,”,，相当于,should,。,(3),表示可能，意为,“,会做,”,，相当于,can/could,。,(4),表示命运，意为,“,注定,”,(,通惯用于过去时，描述过去事实,),。,(5),用于,if.were to do,，引导对未来虚拟语气。,使用方法点拨,28/83,2.This produced a chain reaction,，,for life to develop.,这产生了连锁反应，使得生命发展成为可能。,3.But when I tried to step forward,，,I found I was carried,_,and fell over.,不过当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子跨度竟是,在地球上两倍，而且摔倒在地。,which made it possible,twice as far as,on the earth,29/83,倍数表示方式：,(1),倍数,as.as.,(2),倍数比较级,than,(3),倍数,the size/height/length/width.,of.,(4),倍数,what,从句,(5),倍数,that of.,使用方法点拨,30/83,4.walking,a bit of practice,.,既然重力已经改变了，看来走路也确实需要练一练了。,does need,now that gravity has changed,31/83,教材升华综合利用,32/83,.,教材与语法填空,The earth was just 1.,cloud of dust after the,“,Big Bang,”.,The earth exploded 2.,(loud)with fire and rock.They were in time to produce many things,，,which were 3.,_,(make)the earth,s atmosphere.As the earth cooled down,，,water began to appear on its surface.It allowed the earth to dissolve 4.,(harm)gases.Then life began to develop.,a,loudly,to make,harmful,33/83,Small plants multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen.This encouraged the 5.,(develop)of early shellfish and fish.Land animals such as insects,，,reptiles and dinosaurs 6.,_,(appear)after green plants appeared.Small clever animals spread all 7.,the earth.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,8.,prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.9.,life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can 10.,(solve).,development,appeared,over,which,Whether,be solved,34/83,.,教材与短文改错,Last month I paid a visit the moon with my friend.Before we left,，,I was told the force of gravity would change three time on our journey.Then we took up.As we left the earth,，,I became very heavily.,Gradually the weight lessen.When I was in space,，,it was disappeared.,We floated weightlessly around in the cabin and I cheered up.,to,times,off,heavy,lessened,35/83,When I was on the moon,，,I was surprising to find even walking needed a bit of practice now that gravity changed.The returning of the earth was very frightened.We were amazed to watch fire broke out on the outside of the ship.,surprised,to,frightening,break,36/83,.,教材与微写作,写作素材,(,关于恐龙,),1.,听说恐龙曾经是地球主人。,2.,恐龙在地球上,存活,了好多年。,3.,它们,生下,小恐龙，温暖,气候,使它们快速,繁殖,。,4.,不幸是，它们未能,阻止,自己消失。,5.,今后人类就开始统治这个地球。,提醒：,加蓝,部分用本单元词汇表示，而且请使用,It was said that.,等结构。,37/83,连句成篇,(,将以上句子连成一篇,50,词左右英语短文,),It was said that dinosaurs were once the masters of the earth.They,existed,on the earth for a long time.They,gave birth to,young babies and the warm,climate,helped them,multiply,quickly.Unfortunately,，,they couldn,t,prevent,themselves,from,disappearing and then it was the turn of the humans to control the earth.,38/83,语篇训练提升能力,.,阅读了解,.,七选五,.,完形填空,39/83,.,阅读了解,(,辽宁辽南协作体二模,),September 21,2050At a press conference today it was announced that the first tourist heading for Mars will be the 38yearold US businessman Patrick Clifford.He will leave the earth in the launching window of June 2052 and set his foot on the surface of Mars in November,，,together with the other 6 astronauts assigned for the mission to further explore the planet.,40/83,Patrick has now two years of training ahead of him to get ready for the trip.Not only will he spend five months in getting to Mars,，,but another 600 days there before he can go back home.Patrick was of course very excited,，,“,This has been my dream since I was four,，,and seeing the first man on Mars 20 years ago made me realize that it was possible.,”,To be able to pay the 1.3 billion for his ticket for the trip,，,Patrick sold his majority stake(,股份,)in the company his father had built.,“,I know that my father would have been proud of me if he had still been alive today,，,he knew what this means to me,，,”,says Patrick.,There is no risk,，,though,，,41/83,that you will find Patrick begging in your street corner when he comes back,，,but it is said that he was paid twice as much for his part of the company.,So,，,how is he going to spend his 600 days on the red planet?,“,Well,，,since I don,t have a job when I get back after selling the company,，,I have plenty of time to come up with a new business idea,，,”,he says and laughs.If he brings a shovel(,铁锹,),，,he can start building the first hotel there,，,but maybe he shouldn,t expect too many guests until someone can offer a cheaper ticket.,42/83,1.Patrick Clifford will go to Mars,.,A.on business B.for pleasure,C.to build a hotel D.to explore the planet,细节了解题。依据文章首句,“,September 21,2050At a press conference today it was announced that the first tourist heading for Mars will be the 38yearold US businessman Patrick Clifford.,”,可知他是抵达火星第一批游客，所以他去火星目标是旅游，所以答案是,B,。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,43/83,2.How long will Patrick Clifford be away before he comes back?,A.About five months.,B.About two years.,C.About 750 days.,D.About 600 days.,细节了解题。依据文章第二段第二句,“,Not only will he spend five months in getting to Mars,，,but another 600 days there before he can go back home.,”,可知是,5,30,600,750,，所以答案是,C,。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,44/83,3.The underlined part in Paragraph 3 means that,.,A.we needn,t worry about Patrick,s economic conditions,B.the trip will turn Patrick into a beggar,C.Patrick will get much money from the trip,D.it,s likely that Patrick will be very poor after he comes back,句意猜测题。这句话意思是：回来后，你不会看见他在街头乞讨。说明不要担心他经济情况，所以答案是,A,。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,45/83,4.What can be inferred from the passage?,A.A total of six people will go to Mars.,B.Patrick,s father felt excited at the news.,C.Patrick will spend all his money on the trip.,D.Patrick is an optimistic man.,推理判断题。从最终一段句子,“,.I have plenty of time to come up with a new business idea,，,he says and laughs.,”,可知他是乐观，所以答案是,D,。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,46/83,.,七选五,(,广东揭阳市模拟,),Creating a good study environment takes a little planning.It is well worth the time as the end result will be much productive study time.Many people fail to do this and wonder why they cannot concentrate.After a couple of times of studying the right way,，,most people will be surprised at how much they can actually enjoy studying.,1,答案,解析,G Read on to learn how to create a good study environment.,下文主要介绍了创造良好学习环境方法，故此处应为：往下读，学习怎样创建一个良好学习环境。故选,G,。,47/83,Know that concentration is the key.Reduce every possible distraction.Turn off the television and go in an area where you will not be interrupted by people.,2,If you are studying on your computer,，,don,t get distracted by emails and social networking sites.,答案,解析,C If you can,，,turn off your cell phone.,第二段主要讲述了学习时要集中注意力，不要分心，不被外界事物叨扰，所以选项中只有,C,项符合题意，即：假如能够，关闭手机。故选,C,。,48/83,3,If it is too dim(,暗,),，,your eyes will be strained and leave you tired and wanting to close your eyes.Sun is a light that naturally wakes you up and helps you think.,答案,解析,D Find a place that is proper to read.,由本段内容可知，假如学习时光线太暗会使眼睛疲劳，太阳光线是能够使你保持清醒，帮助你思索。故此处应为：找一个适当地方去阅读。故选,D,。,49/83,Choose a comfortable seat.,4,Now a couch can work just fine for this as long as you don,t find yourself laying flat after a few minutes.The whole point of studying is to be able to concentrate on the study matter and not on a sore back.,E It should have a good back support and a good feeling.,答案,解析,本段首句提到,“,Choose a comfortable seat,”,，学习时找一个舒适座位，可知此处包括到是关于座位问题，备选答案中符合题意只有选项,E,。,50/83,5,Now this is for the person who needs the background noise to tone out all the little noises of life going on.If you find yourself thinking about the song then maybe silence is better for you.,Keep something to drink and snack on close by to keep your blood sugar stable.Obviously sugary foods will give you a quick rush but you will also have a quick low afterward.,A.Learn more to make study environment different.,B.Turn on some music.,C.If you can,，,turn off your cell phone.,D.Find a place that is proper to read.,51/83,E.It should have a good back support and a good feeling.,F.Some people can study with lots of activities going on.,G.Read on to learn how to create a good study environment.,答案,解析,本段下文提到,“,Now this is for the person who needs the background noise to tone out all the little noises of life going on.,”,能够放点背景音乐来消除生活中噪音，故选,B,。,B Turn on some music.,52/83,.,完形填空,(,湖北汉阳一中模拟,),Run FreelyA Lesson About Courage,One afternoon,，,many years ago,，,I went to pick up my mother from work.I got there a little early so I,1,the car by the roadside and waited for her.,1.A.left B.started,C.stopped D.drove,leave,留下；,start,开始；,stop,停下；,drive,开车。依据文意因为,“,我,”,抵达那里时间有点早，所以我把车停在路边等她，所以答案是,C,。,答案,解析,53/83,As I looked,2,the car window,，,there was a small park where I saw a little boy,，,around one and a half to two years old,，,3,freely on the grass as his mother watched from a short,4,.,2.A.outside B.down,C.toward D.over,outside,在,外面；,down,向下；,toward,向，朝,；,over,超出。依据文意,“,我,”,经过车窗向外看，看到一小男孩在公园草坪上玩耍，所以答案是,A,。,答案,解析,54/83,As I looked,2,the car window,，,there was a small park where I saw a little boy,，,around one and a half to two years old,，,3,freely on the grass as his mother watched from a short,4,.,3.A.playing B.smiling,C.rolling D.running,play,玩；,smile,笑；,roll,卷；,run,跑。依据小男孩在草坪上自由地玩耍，可知答案是,D,。,答案,解析,55/83,As I looked,2,the car window,，,there was a small park where I saw a little boy,，,around one and a half to two years old,，,3,freely on the grass as his mother watched from a short,4,.,4.A.sight B.length,C.time D.distance,sight,视野；,length,长度；,time,时间；,distance,距离。依据文意小男孩在草坪上玩耍，他妈妈在离他有一段距离地方看着。,from a short distance,近距离地。,答案,解析,56/83,The boy had a big smile on his face,5,he had just been set free from a,6,.,5.A.even if B.
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