英文摘要写作[1]市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件.pptx

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英文摘要写作,1/24,Abstract,Reading by many people-Advertise!,Summarize paper,Self-contained,Brief(100200words),No figures or references,2/24,一、英文摘要类型,指示性（概括性）摘要：多用于理论性较强论文，主要概括论文主要观点、研究范围、分析过程、内容梗概和结论，并不定量报道其详细内容，如详细数据等。,信息性（报道性）摘要：多用于试验性和技术性较强论文，主要报道论文研究结果、数据和结论。,3/24,一、英文摘要类型,Prof.Feng型摘要：,1）background info；,2）the subject matter,3)research methods;,4)findings/results;5)suggestion and proposed conclusion.,6)No first person allowed,4/24,二、英文摘要特点,语言特点：准确、简练、明了,结构特点：,背景与目标,内容与方法,结果、结论与前景,句子结构特点：,句首传递信息关键点句子多,被动语句多，定语、补语多,5/24,三、英文摘要惯用句型,惯用于摘要开头部分：,the results of,A simple method for cases of,the approach for,an attempt to(do),1.(In this paper,theis conducted/discussed.),is(are),presented,described(through),reported(under),discussed(along with),analyzed,6/24,2.The chief,aim,purpose,object,objective,of,the present study,this investigation,the research,these studies,is(was/has been/will be),to obtain,to evaluate,to find out,to establish,to asses,7/24,3.The present study,The above study,This investigation,was(has been),designed,made,carried out,performed,attempted,with a view to,in order to,to,clarify,determine,establish,point out,demonstrate,8/24,4.Our studies,Their pioneer studies,These investigations,aim to,clarify,determine,establish,demonstrate,provide evidence for,bring out,9/24,惯用于摘要结尾部分,1.The studies have been performed,These pioneer studies attempted,The studies initiated in their laboratory,several studies which have been carried out,All further investigations,show,have shown,(have)demonstrated that,(have)suggested,(have)revealed,10/24,2.,The studies,The results,The tests,The researches,(have)shown,(have)suggested,illustrated,revealed,that,11/24,四、英文摘要翻译标准,要防止按汉字字面意思逐字逐句生搬硬译，即防止“中国式英语”；,领悟汉语中所隐含逻辑关系，利用适当关联词语对原文结构进行必要变动；,注意中英文差异，遵照并使用英文习惯使用方法。,12/24,五、英文摘要翻译要求,语法方面：,多使用,行为抽象名词与动词对应名词形式,，有利于用少语言表示更多信息；,用单个词代替词组。,句法方面：,利用长句多于短句，简单句多于复合句；,汉字摘要惯用无人称句，长句出现也较频繁，翻译时，不应以汉语自然句来硬译，须重新安排。,13/24,五、英文摘要翻译要求,时态方面：,普通现在时：用于介绍研究目标、内容、结果、结论等客观事实；,现在完成时：用来说明论文发展背景，表示已取得结果，已完成工作或项目；,普通过去时：用于说明某一详细项目标发展情况，介绍已进行研究、试验等。,14/24,五、英文摘要翻译要求,语态方面：被动,可防止提及文章作者或动作执行者；,突出摘要客观性；,突出要表示相关信息,尽可能不要混用各种语态，尤其不要在一个句子中混用语态。,缩略语,15/24,Avoid the use of“it”and“this”,example 1,The prediction were compared with the experimental results.,It was found that,(bad),The results showed that,(better),Comparison of the predicted and experimental results shows that,(best),16/24,Avoid the use of“it”and“this”,example 2,It is obvious that the electric current had little effect on the convective heat transfer coefficient but is caused large changes in Table 1.,(bad),The data in Table 1 shows that,(good),17/24,so,resulted in a comparatively short precooling period,Do not use excessively long sentences,example 3,This is because of a,high dc current,or,a low ambient temperature,the precooling period was comparatively short,and,the thermal penetration region,would therefore be,so,the natural convection,would be,neglected.,A,which is equivalent to,was,and,was,thin,18/24,example 4,本文经过试验方法对中温辐射条件下受体温度测量，利用能量守恒方程及斯蒂芬-波尔茨曼定律经过和黑体黑度比较将实际物体黑度计算出来，从而得出中温辐射时物体黑度是随温度升高而增大规律，并对试验进行模拟，得出了实际物体在中温条件下函数关系，并粗略对误差进行分析和改进。,19/24,本文经过试验方法对中温辐射条件下,受体温度测量，,This article through the experimental method to the warm radiation condition under the acceptor temperature determination.,This paper,under the media temperature of thermal radiation,an actual substance temperature was measured experimentally.,20/24,利用能量守恒方程及斯蒂芬-波尔茨曼定,律经过和黑体黑度比较将实际物体黑度,度计算出来，,Defends the horizontal equation as well as Stefan-Boltzmann law;using the energy,the Boltzmann law through calculates with the blackbody blackness comparison actual object blackness.,Comparison of the blackbody and actual substance shows the emittance,which is based on conservation of energy and Stefan-Boltzmann law.,21/24,从而得出中温辐射时物体黑度是随温度,升高而增大规律，,When obtains the warm radiation object blackness is a rule which increases along with the temperature ascension.,The result was obtained that the emittance of actual substance increases with increasing temperature.,22/24,并对试验进行模拟，得出了实际物体在中温,条件下函数关系，并粗略对误差进行分析和,改进。,And to tested carries on has drawn up and has obtained the actual object and at the beginning of slightly carries on the analysis under warm condition function to the error,the appraisal and same improvements.,With experimental simulation,the studies showed that the emittance is the function of temperature.And the experimental error and improvement method was analyzed also.,23/24,Exercise:,Translate an assigned Chinese abstract!,24/24,