unit4culturalencounters.pptx

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Text I U 4,Cultural Encounters,1/88,A question,English is now being most widely used throughout the world.,Do you like or dislike it?Why?,2/88,Brain storm,Can you think of examples of borrowed Chinese words or expressions from English or vice versa?,3/88,Similarities of C_E,嗤之以鼻,turn up ones nose at,乱七八糟,at sixes and sevens,Walls have ears,隔墙有耳,Eat like a bird,胃口小,Strike while the iron is hot,趁热打铁,kill two birds with one stone,一箭双雕,4/88,Similarities of C_E,Have ones hand full,很忙,Blow ones own horn,自吹自擂,There is truth in wine.,酒后吐真言,wolf in sheeps clothing,披着羊皮狼,Waste ones breath,白费口舌,5/88,Culture shock,is the personal disorientation a person may feel when experiencing an unfamiliar way,of,life due to immigration or a visit to a new country,or to a move between social environments,6/88,Five stages of cultural shock,the honeymoon stage,The depression stage,The regression stage,The recovery state,The reverse stage,7/88,1.,2.difficulty,3.home is the best,4.difference,5.uncomfortable with home culture,8/88,Susan Bassnett,(born 1945)is a,translation theorist,and scholar of,comparative literature,.,She served as pro-vice-chancellor at the,University of Warwick,for ten years and taught in its Centre for Translation and Comparative Cultural Studies,（,closed in,）,.,9/88,Representative works,Translation Studies,(1980),Comparative Literature,(1993),Knives and Angels:Women Writers in Latin America,The Translator as Write,r,Exchanging Lives:Poems and Translations,().,10/88,Whats the purpose of writing?,To elucidate the international and intercultural understanding due to the expansion of English.,11/88,Structural analysis,Part I:1-3,Part II:4-7,Part III:8,12/88,Part I:1-3,We live in an era of easy access to the outside world,and there are problems with this cultural revolution.,13/88,We live in an age of the world(para.1),The age we are living in provides us with convenient ways to reach any part of the world.,14/88,Mockingly adv.,(of behavior,an expression,etc.)showing that you think sb./sth.is ridiculous,嘲弄,(,contemptuous,),a mocking smile,Her voice was faintly mocking.,15/88,Himalayas n.,16/88,Himalayas n.,Himalayas Range,Himalayan Mountains,Mount Everest(8844ms),The boundaries between China(Tibet)/Nepal,17/88,Oasis n.,1.an area in the desert where there is water and where plants grow,When the final day,I ran to the haven of the small back porch and sat alone,shuddering,as tears welled up from my heart.,18/88,Oasis n.,2 a pleasant place or period of time in the middle of sth.unpleasant or difficult,(,haven,),an oasis of calm,a green oasis in the heart of the city,19/88,Every one,it seems,provided,of course,they can afford to do(1),Provided(that):providing(that),这些机器只要及时上油，就会运转很好,The machines will run well,provided,that,they are greased in time.,20/88,Every one,it seems,provided,of course,they can afford to do(1),It seems that everyone is able to get in touch with anyone else if s/he can afford to.,21/88,Global adj.,（,globe,）,global corporation,跨国企业,times,环球时代,from the,global,perspective,全局角度,A global tree,球状树,22/88,Essential adj.,Very necessary,大学学会自学非常主要。,It is essential that college students(should)learn to teach themselves.,23/88,Stepping stone,A means that helps you to progress towards achieving sth.Esp.in your work,农家子弟想经过教育提升生活质量。,Students from the remote countryside are intent on using education as a stepping stone to a better life.,24/88,Misgiving n.,c.n.,usu.pl,u.n.feelings of doubt or anxiety about what might happen,or about whether or not sth.is the right thing to do,I had grave,misgivings about,making the trip.,25/88,Misgiving n.,他不安地望着眼前这奇怪人。,He looked with misgiving at the strange man in front of him.,26/88,Most fundamental is the profound relationship at our peril.(3),What is most important is the deep and strongly-felt relationship between language and culture that forms,the core of the society,which would be dangerous to ignore.,27/88,Part II 4-7,Languages are so culturally-related,we often find what we can say in one language cannot be expressed at all in another.As a result,translators negotiated the boundaries between languages and came up with compromises.,28/88,Label v.(-ll-),1 to fix a label on sth.or write information on sth.,We carefully labeled each item with the contents and the date.,该产品上贴有“中国制造”标签。,The product was labeled Made in China.,29/88,Label v.(-ll-),2 to describe sb./sth.in a particular way,esp.unfairly,label sb./sth.(as)sth.|label sb./sth.+noun,同事们把他叫做背叛者。,He was labelled(as)a traitor by his former colleagues.,30/88,Label v.(-ll-),2 to describe sb./sth.in a particular way,esp.unfairly,label sb./sth.+as+adj.,说一个小宝宝调皮，是不公平。,It is unfair to label a small baby as naughty.,31/88,Longing n.,c.n.,u.n.a strong feeling of wanting sth./sb.,a longing for,home,她强烈地想要再见他一面。,She was filled with,longing to see,him in person again.,32/88,Nostalgia n.,a feeling of sadness mixed with pleasure and affection when you think of happy times in the past,怀旧；思乡,a,sense/wave/pang of nostalgia,She is filled with nostalgia for her own college days.,33/88,Saudade n.,a kind of longing,34/88,Angst n.,un(from German):a feeling of anxiety and worry about a situation,or about your life,songs full of teenage angst,35/88,Angst n.,不停迁移副作用是混乱、焦虑、离婚和不幸孩子。,The flip side of relentless mobility is turmoil and,angst,broken marriages and unhappy children.,36/88,Despair u.n.,the feeling of having lost all hope,他感到了深深绝望。,A profound sense of overwhelmed him.,他绝望地放弃了挣扎。,He gave up the struggle,in,.,37/88,Despair n.,一个严厉字眼都能使她陷入绝望深渊。,One harsh word would send her into,the depths of despair,.,最终，他绝望地选择了卧轨。,Eventually,driven to despair,he threw himself under a train.,38/88,Despair n.,be the despair of sb.:,to make sb.worried or unhappy,because they cannot help,老师们对我书写绝望了。,My handwriting was the despair of my teachers.,39/88,Homesickness and nostalgia put togetherall the words(4),乡愁与思乡合在一起，就相当于葡萄牙语中一个无法翻译词汇，即使不能完全等同，这个词描述心理状态既不能说是绝望和焦虑,(,英语从德语中借鉴了这个词），也不是悲伤和后悔，它意思正是介于这几个词之间。,40/88,Head-on adj.,1 a,head-on crash/collision,2 people express strong views and deal with sth.in a direct way,管理层与工会存在直接反抗。,There was a,head-on confrontation,between management and unions.,41/88,Head-on adv.,The cars,crashed head-on,.,We hit the tree head-on.,to,tackle a problem head-on,(=without trying to avoid it),42/88,Lamb of God,Christians traditionally refer to Jesus as“lamb of God”.,43/88,Garden of Eden,44/88,Seven days of Genesis,1:light;light day&night,2:Let there be an expanse between the waters to separate water from water.,3.Let the water under the sky be gathered to one place,and let dry ground appear,Land&vegetation,45/88,Seven days of Genesis,4.Let there be lights in the expanse of the sky to separate the day from the night,and let them serve as signs to mark seasons and days and years,The sun,the moon,the stars,46/88,Seven days of Genesis,5:Let the water teem with living creatures,and let birds fly above the earth across the expanse of the sky(fish,birds),47/88,Seven days of Genesis,6:Let the land produce living creatures according to their kinds:livestock,creatures that move along the ground,and wild animals,each according to its kind.,48/88,Seven days of Genesis,6:Let us make man in our image,in our likeness,and let them rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air,over the livestock,over all the earth,and over all the creatures that move along the ground.,49/88,Jonah,A Hebrew prophet who disobeyed God.,Throw overboard during a storm,Swallowed by a whale,Later cast up on shore alive,50/88,Boundary vs.border,，,frontier,all words for a line that marks the edge of sth.and separates it from other areas or things.,border,the line that separates two countries or areas;the land near this line:a national park on the border between Kenya and Tanzania.,51/88,Boundary vs.border frontier,boundary,a line that marks the edges of an area of land and separates it from other areas:,The fence marked the boundary between my property and hers.,52/88,Boundary vs.border frontier,frontier,(BrE)the line that separates two countries or areas;the land near this line:,The river formed the frontier between the land of the Saxons and that of the Danes.,53/88,Boundary vs.border frontier,The point where you cross from one country to another is usu.called,the border.,In BrE it can also be called,the frontier,but this is often in a context of wildness,danger and uncertainty:The rebels control the frontier and the surrounding area.,54/88,Boundary vs.border frontier,The line on a map that shows,the border of,a country can be called the,boundary,but it is not used when you cross from one country to another:,After the war the national boundaries were redrawn.,55/88,Come up with vp.,no passive to find or produce an answer,a sum of money,etc,She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.,你明晚之前必须准备好钱。,You must come up with the money by tomorrow night.,56/88,Faced with unsurmountable linguistic problems,a compromise(5),When they were confronted with problems of language which could not be solved,the translators got over the barriers by making adjustments and trying to approximate in the light of the two cultures.,57/88,Regarding,concerning sb./sth.;about sb./sth.,他拒绝透露任何关于那个男人下落消息。,He refused to divulge any information regarding the mans whereabouts.,58/88,Spectrum n.,1,光谱,A is formed by a ray of light passing through a,prism,.,Red and violet are,at opposite ends of the spectrum.,59/88,Spectrum n.,2 a range of sound waves or several other types of wave,the,electromagnetic/radio/sound spectrum,3 usu.sing a complete or,wide range,of related qualities,ideas,etc,a broad spectrum of,interests,60/88,Staple adj.,only before n forming a basic,large or important part of sth.,The staple crop is rice.,Jeans are a staple part of everyones wardrobe.,61/88,Mothers Pride,Mothers Pride,is a brand name for a variety of breads produced by,British Bakeries,62/88,White sliced toasties,白切片吐司,63/88,Negotiate cultural and linguistic differences(7),vt(formal)to successfully get over or past a difficult part on a path or route,Negotiate the boundaries,64/88,Hybrid n.&adj.,1 an animal or plant that has parents of different species or varieties,A mule is a hybrid of a male donkey and a female horse.,1964,年起，袁致力于,杂交水稻,研究。,In 1964,Yuan Longping started his research of hybrid rice.,65/88,Hybrid n.&adj.,2 hybrid(between/of A and B):sth.that is the product of mixing two or more different things;,Mixture,The music was a hybrid of Western pop and traditional folk song.,66/88,Hybrid n.&adj.,3 a vehicle that uses two different types of power,esp.petrol/gas or diesel and electricity,hybrid flowers,a hybrid language,a hybrid car/vehicle,67/88,This is an essentialhybrid world.(7),This is a fundamental skill in todays world,where different cultures interact.,68/88,Hence adv.for this reason,We suspect they are trying to hide sth.,the need,for an independent inquiry.,贸易不平衡在,年会再度上扬。所以需要很快采取一系列新政策行动。,The trade imbalance is likely to rise again in.Hence,a new set of policy actions will be required soon.,69/88,hence,days,weeks,etc.hence,(fml.)a number of days,etc.from now,The true consequences will only be known several years hence.,70/88,Unaware adj.(not before noun),not knowing or realizing that sth.is happening or that sth.exists,He was completely,unaware of,the whole affair.,She was,unaware that,I could see her.,71/88,世界上最遥远距离是我在你身边，而你不知道我爱你。,The remotest place in the world is that you are unaware that I love you while I am with you.,72/88,Enter into sth,(fml.)1 to take an active part in sth.,此情此景让他们开始投入。,They,entered into the spirit,of the occasion.,2 to begin to discuss or deal with sth.,这个阶段不要谈论细节。,Lets not details at this stage.,73/88,Enter into sth,3 no passive to form part of sth.or have an influence on sth.,不要让你个人情感影响到这个问题。,Your personal feelings shouldnt enter into this problem at all.,74/88,Enter into sth,4.enter into sth.(with sb.),：,to begin sth.or become involved in sth.,开始,to enter into an agreement/negotiations,75/88,To enter into another cultures shape language(7),To understand another nations particular way of thinking and use language appropriately,76/88,Millions of people are discovering how to bridge cultures(7),Lots of people are finding ways to interrelate different cultures.,77/88,Cut down on,to reduce the size,amount or number of sth.,法伦指出，长久性处理方法在于降低浪费，更有效地用水资源。,The long-term answer,according to Mr Falloon,is to,waste and use water more efficiently.,78/88,Millions of people are discovering how to to know English(7),数百万人正在探索怎样缩小文化之间差距，而以英语为母语社会却变越来越自满，而且开始删减外语课，因为他们误认为会说英语就足够了。,79/88,Part III:8,The author comes down on the complacency of the English-speaking world and points out the immense significance of intercultural understanding.,80/88,State of the art mobile phones,The most recent stage of development of a product,incorporating the newest ideas and the most up-to-date features,A,state-of-the-art,hospital/computer,81/88,Understand what lies in,under,and beyond thein many different ls(8),Understand the basic,the implied and the cultural meaning of each word spoken in many different ls,82/88,discussion,Can poems be translated?,83/88,杜甫,月夜,今夜鄜（,f,）州月，闺中只独看。,遥怜小儿女，未解忆长安。,香雾云鬟湿，清辉玉臂寒。,何时倚虚幌，双照泪痕干。,84/88,许渊冲,A Moonlit Night,On the moon over Fuzhou which shines bright,Alone you would gaze in your room tonight.,Im grieved to think our little children are,Too young to yearn for their father afar.,85/88,Your cloudlike hair is moist with dew,it seems;,Your jade-white arms would feel the cold moonbeams.,O when can we stand by the window-side,Watching the moon with our tear traces dried?,86/88,OnaMoonlightNight(A.D.756),章学清译,TonightthemooninFuzhoumustlook,drear,Viewedfromherboudoirbyherself,mydear.,Iwishmylittleoneswouldintheirturn,ForChanganlikethemotherfondlyyearn,87/88,Thefragrantmistsbedewher,cloudyhair,Herjadewhitearms,longchilledinlucentair.,Oh,whenshallwebestandingsidebyside,Againstgauzecurtainsinthemoon,tearsdried?,88/88,