高考语法复习形容词和副词.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,形容词和副词,熟读深思,朗读下列句子，看看形容词可,作哪些成分,。,(1)This is an,interesting,book.,这是一本新书。(),(2)This book is,interesting,.,这本书很有趣。(),(3)I find the book,interesting,.,我觉得这本书很有趣。(),(4)I have something,important,to tell,you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。,(),表语,定语,宾补,后置定语,归纳：,形容词常用来作,定语,修饰,名词,和,(不定)代词，,还可以作,表语,和,宾补,。,The young should take good care of the old.,2.句中划线副词在句中作_，看看,可,修饰哪些词,。,(1)Its raining,heavily,.雨下得很大。,(),(2)Youre,quite,right.你非常正确。,(),修饰形容词,修饰动词,状语,(3)Dont speak,too,fast.,不要说得太快。(),(4)Your coat is,just,behind the door.,你的上衣正好在门外。(),(5),Luckily,he was saved.,幸运的是，他得救了。(),修饰句子,修饰另一副词,修饰介词短语,归纳：,副词常用来修饰：,动词、形容词、副词、介词短语,以及,句子,。,3.常见的形容词,词尾有哪些,？,常见的,形容词词尾,有：,1.-ous：,2,.-able：,3.-al：,4,.-ful：,5.-ish：,6,.-ive：,7.-less:,8,.-y：,9.-an/ian:,10,.-ant/-ent:,continu,ous,obvi,ous,danger,ous,valu,able,，reason,able,，comfort,able,nation,al,season,al,offici,al,harm,ful,help,ful,care,ful,fool,ish,，self,ish,red,d,ish,，green,ish,act,ive,pass,ive,expens,ive,aim,less,use,less,care,less,harm,less,help,less,greed,y,，luck,y,wind,y,snow,y,sun,n,y,Americ,an,Africa,n,Asia,n,import,ant,dist,ant,pati,ent,1)The elephant is biggest _(live)thing,on the land.,2)The solder was badly _(injure).,-,ing,/-ed,构成的形容词,:,freez,ing,liv,ing,dy,ing,；,limit,ed,injure,d,liv,ing,injure,d,注：,有些动词（,使动词,）后面既可以加,-ing,又可以加,-ed,变成,形容词,，意义和用法不同。,Eg.1)We are _ (surprise)to see you here.,2)He reacted with _(surprise)speed.,3)She looked at me with a _(surprise),expression.,surpris,ing,(令人惊讶的;惊人的;出人意外的),surprise,d,（人）感到惊讶的,Please give more examples of this kind of words.,surprise,d,surpris,ing,surprise,d,excited,exciting,satisfied,satisfying,disappointed,disappointing,interested,interesting,exhausted,exhausting,moved,moving,terrified,terrifying,astonished,astonishing,worried,worrying,horrified,horrifying,frightened,frightening,pleased,pleasing,5.1)His class was so _(live)and,interesting that every students liked it.,2)This is a _(dead)disease.,3)His _(week)pay is 300$.,注意：,有些以,-ly,结尾的是,形容词,：,friendly,lively,lovely,lonely,orderly,yearly，monthly,weekly,daily,hourly,deadly,likely,week,ly,live,ly,dead,ly,6.,副词多以_结尾，但表,程度、频率,等的副词例外。,如:,-ly,very、almost、quite、just、too、often,7.形容词、副词的,比较级和最高级:,规则变化：,1)high,2)large,3)big,4)happy,5)early,6)pretty,7)dangerous,expensive,A 加上,-er和-est：,small-_,new-_,B 以重读闭音节结尾的，,双写末尾字母，,加上,-er,和-est,：,big-_,thin-_,C 以-e结尾，直接加,-r和-st：,large-_,nice-_,smaller-smallest,newer-newest,bigger-biggest,thinner-thinnest,larger-largest,nicer-nicest,8.形容词、副词的,比较级和最高级:,规则变化：,D 辅音字母加-y结尾的，,-y变-i,，加-er和-est：,easy-_,heavy-_,E,两个以上音节,的词，在前面加,more,和,most,。,dangerous-_,expensive-_,easier-easiest,heavier-heaviest,more -most,more -most,注：,副词的,单音节,变化同形容词；,双音节（含）以上,，在前面加,-more,和,-most,。,但有少数形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,是,不规则的，必须熟记，,如：,good-_,bad-_,better-best,worse-worst,9.,不规则,形容词和副词比较级与最高级(1),bad-_ adj.坏的，低劣的,badly-_,adv.很坏地，恶劣地,good-_ adj.好,well-_,adj.良好的，健康的 adv.好,little-,_,adj.少量的，不足的,many-,_,adj.许多的,much-,_,adj.大量的，许多的,worse-worst,worse-worst,better-,best,better-best,less-,least,more most,more-,most,far-,_,adj.遥远的（指距离）,far-,_,adj.进一步的,（指程度）,old-,_,adj.老的（指人、物）,old-,_,adj.年长的（仅指人）,不规则,形容词和副词比较级与最高级(2),farther farthest,further furthest,older-oldest,elder-eldest,Exercise:,1.You are driving too _(fast).Can you drive a,bit _(slow)?,2.The melon the Smiths served at dinner would,have tasted _(good)if it had been put in the,fridge for a little while.,more slowly,better,fast,3.Speaking of all the songs he has written,I think this is probably his _(well-know)one.,4.Of the two coats,Id choose the _(cheap),to spare some money for a book.,5.Work gets done _(easy)when,people do it together,and the rewards are,_(high)too.,higher,best-known,cheaper,more easily,2.(2011)He must be _(mental),disabled.,修饰分词形容词,作状语,用副词形式,故填mentally。,mentally,I am _(grate)to you for your help.,grateful,考点一：,当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时,就需要,词性转换,。,我们可据以下顺利解题：,(1)作定语、表语或补足语用_形式;,(2)修饰动词、形容词、另一副词或句子,作状语,用_形式。,归纳总结：,副词,形容词,1.He failed his maths examination because of his _(care)work.,在名词前作定语,要用形容词;由failed.可知,要填表示否定意义的careless(粗心大意的),意义才通顺。,careless,考点二：,2.“How much is a dish of plain ice cream?”he asked.Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit_(patience).“Thirty five cents”,she said_(rude).(深圳),im,patient,rudely,有时不但要注意,词性转换,而且还要考虑用表示,相反意义的前缀或后缀,其逻辑意义才通顺。,注意：,高考链接,1、,His teacher took a deep drink,smiled _ (warm),and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.(2010年广东),2、“But such a small thing couldnt,_,(possible)destroy a village.”,(2013年广东),3、_(lucky),he didnt pass the exam.,warmly,Unluckily,possibly,adj.,adv.,1.+ly,2.le ly,3.辅音+y ily,1、(2012年)It might have made it a little _(hard)for everybody because it meant they had to turn around,解析：,作宾补依然是要用形容词，所以词类不用转换，可考虑,比较级,；句中a little常用来修饰比较级，表示“更难一点”，故填harder。,harder,考点三：,2.(2010)The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be _(sweet).,在be后作表语,用形容词,而括号中所给的sweet本身就是形容词,因此无需词性转化,可想到用其比较级;由语境可知,这是省略了than the water的隐性比较级,故填sweeter。意思是“什么也不会比这水更甜”即“这水是世界上最甜的”,比较级形式表示最高级含义。,sweeter,小结：解题技巧：,1,、,要不要,词性转换；,(作定语修饰名词、作表语和宾补用,形容词,；修饰动词、形容词、副词、以及句子用,副词,）,2、,要不要,加表示,否定或相反意义,的前缀或后缀,3、,要不要,填该词的,比较级或最高级。,(un-、ir-、in-、im-、il-、-less)。,小结：,1.,形容词常用作,定语,修饰：,名词,和,不定代词，,还可以作,表语,和,宾补,。,2.,副词常用作,状语,修饰：,动词、形容,词、副词、介词短语,以及,句子,。,3.,形容词的,常用词尾,。,4.,形容词、副词的,比较级,和,最高级,及,其运用。,1,.Mary felt _(please),because there were many empty seats in the room.(2012年),2,.We ought to eat _(health).(2011),3,.All the gardeners are trying their best to make our school _(beauty).,4,.She is one of my _(good)friends.,5,.,We all find him _(friend).(2011),6.“That would be a very _ _ (reason)thing to do in a big city,but it could destroy a small village like ours,”Nick said.(2013),health,ily,近5年广东的高考题或模拟题:,more,beautiful,friend,ly,please,d,best,reason,able,6,.,All the children felt _ when they heard the _ news.(discourage)(2008),7,.,I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time._ (fortune),I was late for the heavy traffic jam.,8,.,I am much _ (thin)now.,9,.,I wont buy it because the price of this dress is _ (reason).,10,.,No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was _(extreme)heavy.,discourage,d,discourag,ing,Un,f,ortun,ately,thin,ner,un,reason,able,extreme,ly,11,.,This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _(nature)course.(2008,),12,.The man was ordered to pay 3,500 for the cost of the trip,which was 10_ expensive than the normal prize which only cost 2,000.,13,.,Once a habit is formed,it is difficult,and sometimes 34 _ (possible),to get rid of.(2010惠州三模),natural,more,impossible,名师指津,P182,1.熟背形容词、副词的固定结构、句型。,Thank you for listening.,