Unit 1 Plagiarism Tet A wordlist.doc

Unit 1 Plagiarism Tet A wordlist
WORD LIST
TEXT A
1. ravel: to become tangled or complicated or confused. 使纠缠或混乱，变得错综复杂< Dutch ravelen: 'entangle, confuse‘D1DjJMK。fXsnNWk。9Z0bnZF。
unravel：to make much clearer /take apart and clarify the elements揭开；揭示 / 拆散并澄清3G8Py1v。RXNlXbq。J1TXK2a。
A young mother has flown to Iceland to unravel the mystery of her husband's disappearance.mbWeHa4。EQ3p11o。aI9Yo2Q。
一位年轻的母亲飞抵冰岛，要揭开她丈夫失踪之谜。
synonyms: disclose, uncover, expose, reveal
un-: is to form words that have the opposite action or undo the action. 22N4tnp。eyoRqQb。XbgKiy5。
动作的相反，取消或去除
undress; unwrap; unlock; undo ; unbutton ; unbind
2. withhold: If you withhold something that someone wants, you do not let them have it.拒绝给予;扣留 Wb7Vm0p。OLrSVIx。gKfU4At。
Financial aid for Britain has been withheld.
向英国提供的经济援助已经被扣。
synonyms: keep, retain, reserve, preserve, conserveOzRrGCs。L9CYFgB。3fhsE0I。
3. enroll: to register in a roll or list as a member or participant 录取； 登记;使入伍（或入会、入学等）<en+roll-official name list.: call the rollmwbkIme。qK5CrSv。vobpU29。
They enroll him as a member of the club. 他们吸收他为俱乐部会员.W30dsBV。kRa7ikV。QpYIfHU。
synonyms: enlist, recruit
En- is added to words to form verbs that describe the process of putting someone into a particular state, condition, or place.X29usge。PmNVUvE。JdQfhtT。
4. condemn: If you condemn something, you say that it is very bad and unacceptable.谴责；指责 <demn=harm,表示"伤害“LpkIeF7。RgTJDE6。7B4FokY。
Political leaders united yesterday to condemn the latest wave of violence.政界领袖昨日联合起来对最近激增的暴力事件予以谴责。nBM3K6z。a0BH4JJ。l2LjQIP。
synonyms: blame, accuse, scold, denounce, reproach, rebukeo1ErtRH。hhufT67。F2BgUQx。
5. academia: Academia refers to all the academics in a particular country or region, the institutions they work in, and their work. （某一国家或地区的）学术界 Xom29Kb。63o4951。DkoFYq8。
Academic is used to describe work, or a school, college, or university, that places emphasis on studying and reasoning rather than on practical or technical skills.学术的1RF6iOt。9up6W6Q。35vD1ik。
6. address: a. to give attention to or deal with a matter or problem. 对付；处理；设法了解并解决k9iTxVk。kSJMJS8。SL4DKmB。
Throughout the book we have addressed ourselves to the problem of ethics. 整本书中我们都在探讨伦理观的问题。pfUsJb1。MNWpJ1f。GwQPRMu。
b. If you address a group of people, you give a speech to them.向…作正式讲话;对…发表演说动词向…说话X5vkEfX。LE078tu。FEurizW。
He is due to address a conference on human rights next week. M9Koqqo。zho6YkN。Lt42VlE。
他下星期将在一个大会上发表关于人权的演说。
If you address someone or address a remark to them, you say something to them.fTdTiJc。CmiATjw。TQY2gIC。
He addressed his remarks to Eleanor, ignoring Maria. IsB7yyR。sBTk9A7。pswbO7q。
他和埃莉诺聊了聊，而没搭理玛丽亚。
6. address:
c. If you address someone by a name or a title such as 'sir', you call them that name or title when you talk or write to them 称呼（某人） 3lJ2LRr。SnHUjr3。RGbtWmJ。
I heard him address her as darling. 我听见他称她为“亲爱的”。
7. syllabus: a. You can refer to the subjects that are studied in a particular course as the syllabus .课程大纲 J8Tmkvr。18bh0Qm。5ZRLKmk。
b. A syllabus is an outline or summary of the subjects to be covered in a course. (课程的)提纲,摘要 3mIfkiR。0U9fRlc。XNYKCf5。
syllabi pl.
8. submit: If you submit a proposal, report, or request to someone, you formally send it to them so that they can consider it or decide about it.提交，递呈(建议、报告或请求) sub- 'under‘+ <mit=send/cast,表时"送,放出,派,错过“CpSWITJ。DIVvDqJ。0ylmCdQ。
They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday. T0ieGSi。5nlCxsQ。JIlsUPw。
他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
9. startling: Something that is startling is so different, unexpected, or remarkable that people react to it with surprise.令人吃惊的;惊人的;不寻常的 n8eiUTt。Obuozt4。TbSSzLH。
Sometimes the results may be rather startling.
有时结果可能会令人吃惊。
synonyms: surprising, astounding, shocking
10. prevalence the quality of prevailing generally; being widespread 流行；盛行；普遍< from Latin praevalere 'have greater power', from prae 'before' + valere 'have power'cedZEbm。Udo3S01。w44Fxdi。
the prevalence of asthma in Britain and western Europe. xQoAfgD。RqADGlo。jjmXeeD。
英国和西欧哮喘的流行
prevail: If a situation, attitude, or custom prevails in a particular place at a particular time, it is normal or most common in that place at that time.盛行，流行，普遍 9aG91JJ。fYZLolW。0oowz4k。
A similar situation prevails in America.
相似的情况在美国随处可见。
prevalent adj.
11. high stakes examination: very important examination to students. The result of it will really affect students. It plays a determining factor.mIoLcnk。ywqVfBS。Riko1WB。
stake: If you have a stake in something such as a business, it matters to you, for example because you own part of it or because its success or failure will affect you. 利害关系;重大利益;(企业等中的)股本，股份Hw0EhXp。sWNvvSG。r0X82jJ。
at stake: If something is at stake, it is being risked and might be lost or damaged if you are not successful.处于危险境地;处于成败关头 9I0XI7b。esrdMDa。vZbLLj2。
The tension was naturally high for a game with so much at stake... 对于一场成败攸关的比赛来说气氛自然非常紧张。6O6YHx9。dx8HRxs。pwUkAtS。
12. candidate: a. A candidate is someone who is taking an examination.考生;应试者 DMBWdIg。YWDG6fm。qDOcurV。
b. A candidate is someone who is being considered for a position, for example someone who is running in an election or applying for a job.候选人;求职者 R9qgqur。pLx3NYg。JiF5bsa。
The Democratic candidate
c. A candidate is someone who is studying for a degree at a college.攻读学位者;在读本科生(或硕士生、博士生) Psbzz3y。Uxc3FJ4。vsgiu5A。
13. surveillance: Surveillance is the careful watching of someone, especially by an organization such as the police or the army. (尤指来自警方、军队等组织的)监视，监察 <from French sur- 'over' + veiller 'watch' <(sur超过,在……上面+veil面纱+lance→在面纱上看[隔了一层纱]看→临视FTKPtV6。EC48Hpp。RnZMRoZ。
He was arrested after being kept under constant surveillance. 21kLzOj。GE9cd6R。LqPALAl。
在被连续监视了一段时间后，他被逮捕了。
electronic surveillance equipment 电子监视设备 surveil v. 020IIVJ。8qtH9om。vixQxf2。
14. mobilize: If you mobilize people to do something, you succeed in encouraging people to take action. 动员;鼓动;召集；（人们）动员起来< mob=move,表示"动"YoemVAV。UDvb1El。WVbHy89。
The best hope is that we will mobilize international support and get down to action. 最好的希望是我们能争取到国际上的支持，然后采取行动。5N90ySh。6YXrM69。496DeoV。
Faced with crisis, people mobilized. 面对危机，民众动员起来。
15. ensure: To ensure something, or to ensure that something happens, means to make certain that it happens.保证;确保;担保 vHFO0j3。obH2AYL。LDBIqTV。
Ensure that it is written into your contract.
确保把这一点写入合同中。
Compare ensure and assure
If you assure someone that something is true or will happen, you often make them less worried. 向…保证；使…确信；使…放心olUWzW2。UDNPmVX。bMUecPB。
16. witness: If you say that a place, period of time, or person witnessed a particular event or change, you mean that it happened in that place, during that period of time, or while that person was alive.见证，经历(事件、变化等) PCEVHks。tzY21Yf。DRtDgt4。
India has witnessed many political changes in recent years. xxH37eq。CVXqmEF。gMWUaEj。
印度近年来经历了很多政治变动。
The year 1886 witnessed the first extended translation into English of the writings of Eliphas Levi. x1iv1EE。8VD6KED。1kx9WtI。
1886年，埃利法斯·莱维的作品第一次有了长篇英译本。
17. duplicate: If you duplicate something that has already been done, you repeat or copy it. 重复;复制, 复印， 复写< Latin duplicat- 'doubled, twofold‘ duple, triple, quadruple, quintupleigeObcs。zVeyBmO。xku8YHw。
His task will be to duplicate his success overseas here at home. 他在海外取得了成功，现在的任务就是要在国内再创辉煌。Lvr2xlB。WZxvOEe。wbBGb3I。
a business which duplicates video and cinema tapes for the movie makers. 为电影制片商复制录像带和影带的行业0TPptvL。Hwr75L3。RyL62YK。
a duplicate key
18. fake: If someone fakes something, they try to make it look valuable or genuine, although in fact it is not. 伪造;仿制 xUwlQgq。UlsWmWP。THpgAzs。
A fake is something that is fake.假货;赝品 fake certificatesw5FNOEI。8IpMQy9。sJziukf。
It is filled with famous works of art, and every one of them is a fake. 这里满是艺术名品，但每一件都是赝品。 counterfeit aMJuM1g。L2wwxyv。eDXLLR6。
19. overwhelming: You can use overwhelming to emphasize that an amount or quantity is much greater than other amounts or quantities. （数量）巨大的，压倒性的 uOkRkux。ToiQOjj。mkmNLyc。
The overwhelming majority of small businesses go broke within the first twenty-four months. 绝大多数小企业在头两年内就破产了。T7zt1xE。aQCa14x。PcF2C2q。
20. conducive: If one thing is conducive to another thing, it makes the other thing easy, possible, likely to happen.有助(于…)的;有益(于…)的 3grpiYr。liBWNIg。D0KZnOT。
conduce: to contribute or lead to a specific result:(to, toward) 导致； 有助于， 有益于zk3rQm8。CRprAbE。nhWoyrV。
Wealth does not always conduce to happiness. 财富不一定会给人带来快乐。ABitoDy。Yu9nvs4。rxojo9u。
21. inevitably: If something will inevitably happen, it is certain to happen and cannot be prevented or avoided. 不可避免地;必然(发生)地NqWtY5I。bHoMV7R。dxnSP45。
synonyms： inescapably，unavoidably
22. turn out to/that : If something turns out to be a particular thing, it is discovered to be that thing.原来是;结果发现 RN3bJx4。RmvpeN3。Fb8xRox。
Cosgrave's forecast turned out to be quite wrong. 科斯格雷夫的预测最后证明是大错特错。FyNfo3Q。hcxCd4o。X1cOYJY。
It turned out that I knew the person who got shot. 结果发现我认识那个中枪的人。 OagIbdF。dXrvTNS。tnDemfS。
23. perceive： If you perceive something, you see, notice, or realize it, especially when it is not obvious.注意到，察觉，意识到（尤指不明显之物） <cept=take/hold/seize, 表示"拿,抓,握住" 90p9hgu。vC0xHK9。PO63WNO。
perception n. perceive…as…
They strangely perceive television as entertainment. 1SwGaxe。VstdVTZ。t9T8zjd。
奇怪的是，他们居然将电视看作娱乐。
opt to: If you opt for something, or opt to do something, you choose it or decide to do it in preference to anything else.< from Latin optare 'choose, wish‘ 选择；作出抉择yZgRlSA。1yR0wUL。wPaUqhx。
They opt for more holiday instead of more pay. 他们选择了延长假期而不是增加工资。fdbKS1n。TpQwEiT。9ar0Rrr。
24.mimic: If you mimic the actions or voice of a person or animal, you imitate them, usually in a way that is meant to be amusing or entertaining 模仿;戏仿;(开玩笑地)学…的样子 <mim: imitate 8W3idq4。DrmaAyj。N9EmDEw。
mimicry n
Don't try to mimic anybody. You have to be yourself if you are going to do your best. 不要试图仿效任何人，要是你想做到最好，就得做你自己。4KL1Udb。sZdvEdP。uNxF4sM。
25. regurgitate : If you say that someone is regurgitating ideas or facts, you mean that they are repeating them without understanding them properly.机械重复 < Latin re- 'again, back' + gurges, gurgit- 'whirlpool‘UWhjc4F。cTPCW9j。T6TNK0s。
You can get sick to death of a friend regurgitating her partner's opinions. 对于一个只会机械地重复其搭档观点的朋友，你可能会无比腻烦。fhAZP8U。3L7lRmf。aX6ZLg6。
26. preeminent: If someone or something is pre-eminent in a group, they are more important, powerful, or capable than other people or things in the group.卓越的；杰出的；超凡的；有支配地位的wDH9JNy。UN6tOn6。R5vFfuc。
eminent: An eminent person is well-known and respected, especially because they are good at their profession. (尤指因专业出众而)著名的，受尊敬的，有声望的 < min =project,表示"伸出,突出"; IOJptd9。NHoirAg。vEHfHFU。
synonyms: greatest, leading, outstanding, dominant
27. mindset: If you refer to someone‘s mind-set, you mean their general attitudes and the way they typically think about things. 思维模式;思想倾向 3ltMoo3。y1kL1Yw。IQWTvM6。
synonym: mentality
28. insight: a. If you gain insight or an insight into a complex situation or problem, you gain an accurate and deep understanding of it. 洞悉;深入了解;深刻见解 L82Yzxp。CqOeSzr。2Y15X5b。
b. If someone has insight, they are able to understand complex situations.洞察力kF7Ubuy。vbhZsVO。227fFMb。
He was a man with considerable insight. 他是个富有洞察力的人
29. sage: A sage is a person who is regarded as being very wise and knowledgeable .哲人;智者;圣人 < sag=know,表示"知道"4dkuu1s。XUUwuur。PoqXHBV。
Confucius is considered the greatest of the ancient Chinese sages. NPm5oyw。xO74tOq。CTbON9X。
孔子被认为是古代中国最伟大的圣人。
synonyms: philosopher, wise man
30. hesitant: If you are hesitant about doing something, you do not do it quickly or immediately, usually because you are uncertain, embarrassed, or worried.犹豫的;迟疑不决的;有疑虑的;难为情的;不愿的VXwQxkH。PYB4X3e。h9dh84K。
hesitancy
31.distinct: If something is distinct from something else of the same type, it is different or separate from it.有区别的;不同的;个别的 xyenmu6。2e7zZeZ。tNokMmv。
distinction. n. distinctive adj.
32. come across: If someone or what they are saying comes across in a particular way, they make that impression on people who meet them or are listening to them.使产生…印象;给人以…的印象 vaZaiz0。2aYn1va。Q2REt4B。
He came across very, very well. 他给人的印象非常非常好。
33. flip: turnover, reversal 倒置
on the flip side: on the other side
34. pervade: If something pervades a place or thing, it is a noticeable feature throughout it.贯穿；弥漫；渗透 < Latin pervadere, from per- 'throughout' + vadere 'go‘PsM9hJW。UPZOaq0。LXXMVbU。
the corruption that pervades every stratum of the country. UGHjLOV。wJZLXx3。5q3na6f。
渗透到社会各阶层的腐败
synonyms: permeate, penetrate，spread
35. cut corners: take shortcuts 找最简单的方法，走捷径，抄近路
If one cut corners, he does the easiest or cheapest thing in order to save time, energy or money. 9TwebGz。skAN8mf。yx9kKrG。
36.myriad: A myriad or myriads of people or things is a very large number or great variety of them.无数;大量;各种各样 <myri(繁多）+ad (状态）usFXxIz。kOHnhJK。aoZJ8RJ。
They face a myriad of problems bringing up children.VBoia7b。BYFVLmA。i0Gddb0。
他们在抚养孩子的过程中遇到了各种各样的问题。
37. daunting: Something that is daunting makes you feel slightly afraid or worried about dealing with it.使人畏惧的;令人胆怯的;让人气馁的edk6r1P。MqHa3vB。bdBe3Qv。
Occasionally I find the commitment and responsibility daunting. 77ACpl7。RsTeOii。DywJfUA。
偶尔我会觉得这一承诺和责任让人望而却步。
daunt: vt. < from Latin domitare, 'to tame'
I'm somewhat daunted by the size of the task.
我有点儿被这项任务的规模吓着了。
38. sanction: a. A sanction is a severe penalty, punishment, which is intended to make people obey instructions, customs, or laws. 处罚;制裁;惩罚FDNmhjS。myM7PkM。i2a1VPS。
As an ultimate sanction, they can sell their shares. iJafJQa。39FXwXy。Fm0wFcU。
作为最高的处罚，他们可以出售他们的股份。
b. to officially approve of sth. and allow it to be done. (正式)认可，准许，批准Qyd4E2O。D9d4qlQ。IuKldE9。
38. stamp out: end or extinguish by forceful means消灭;根除w