福建省福州第四中学2025-2026学年高三英语第一学期期末复习检测模拟试题.doc

福建省福州第四中学2025-2026学年高三英语第一学期期末复习检测模拟试题
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第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1．People ________ with anyone who is always talking about how wonderful he is.
A．fall in B．keep company C．catch up D．get fed up
2．Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ______ a good researcher.
A．make B．turn
C．get D．grow
3．Never before ________ the famous museum was just a stone's thro away from their school, so out ________.
A．had they known; went all they B．they had known; went all they
C．had they known; they all went D．they had known; they all went
4．The company needs to _____ its outdated image to promote its newly-released product.
A．lay out B．call up
C．shake off D．give away
5．Many young people just can’t live without the Internet, they depend on for whatever information they need.
A．which B．when C．where D．what
6．Jack’s fellow workers often turn to him for help when trapped in trouble because he is a _____of ideas.
A．fountain B．session
C．diagram D．resource
7．Difficulties strengthen the mind, _____ labour does the body.
A．if B．as
C．for D．so
8．There will be an endless power of youth supporting the Chinese nation’s rejuvenation_______ the younger generation of the country has ideals , pursuits and shoulders.
A．as far as B．so long as
C．even if D．as if
9．Teachers in primary schools ______ influence the kids fall under should be role models.
A．whose B．who
C．where D．which
10．Why are some brands more popular than others ______ the products are of similar quality?
A．as though B．even if C．so that D．in case
11．How long do you suppose it is ________________ he arrived and began to work there？
A．when B．before
C．after D．since
12．The flat is good value for money because not only did they sell it to me at a cheap price, but they threw in some old furniture _________.
A．at their command B．for good measure
C．beyond my reach D．beneath their dignity
13．—The movie Till Death Do Us Part 《最爱》will be on at 8 pm．What about picking you up at 7pm?
—All right．I will have come back from work by then, and I you at home．
A．will be waiting for B．will wait for C．have been waiting for D．am waiting for
14．Throughout history, China never colonized any nation. _________ this peaceful tradition, it is committed to building a community with a shared future for mankind.
A．In line with B．In regard to
C．In harmony with D．In addition to
15．— You've got your flat furnished, haven't you?
— Yes, I ______ some used furniture and it was a real bargain.
A．will buy B．have bought
C．had bought D．bought
16．Della turned all of her pockets inside out only to find $ 1.87 buy Jim a present for Christmas.
A．with what to B．with that she can C．in which to D．with which to
17．— Someone wants you on the phone.
— ________ nobody knows I am here.
A．Although B．And
C．So D．But
18．---Can those___________ at the back of the classroom hear me?
---No problem.
A．seat B．sit
C．seated D．sat
19．Right now, lots of people search for products on the Internet but still buy them at stores. Internet shopping will really ____ when people are sure that it is safe.
A．set up B．set off C．take off D．take up
20．A new ________ bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago.
A．common B．usual
C．regular D．ordinary
第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
21．（6分）Physics could soon make it possible to replace those heavy glass lenses（镜头）on cameras with “metalenses” －materials engineered to focus light at a fraction（少量）of the weight and size of traditional lensing.
A team from Harvard University’s school of engineering has designed a metalens that can focus nearly the entire visible light. Previous metalenses could focus only narrow color wavelengths, or wavelengths outside the visible.
When light moves through glass, the different wavelengths that make up the light slow at different rates. This causes their paths through the glass to bend, so that they separate. Pass a beam of white light through a prism（棱镜）, and this effect will cause a rainbow to burst out the other end. This presents a challenge to lens makers; a single focusing element will project a picture that has colors from red to violet hitting different spots on the film.
So, modem camera lenses use many different glass elements to reverse that effect, pushing the different wavelengths of light back onto a single focal point, although that doesn’t work perfectly; many photographers know the pain of buying an expensive lens only to find a violet edge around the subjects in their photographs.
A metalens takes a different approach to focusing light. Instead of using the reflection of glass, a metalens uses tiny structures, typically made of titanium dioxide（二氧化钛）, to bend wavelengths toward the metalens focal point. In the past, though, metalenses could bend just one wavelength at a time, or in more advanced cases, a narrow band of the visual light. The newly created metalens bends nearly the full.
Metalenses have other challenges to overcome before they can compete seriously with traditional glass. The most significant one: resolution（分辨率）, according to a journal article. None of the metalenses so far are particularly sharp compared with their best glass competitors. But, again, as the technology progresses, it could address that limitation. Metalenses might not land on store shelves anytime soon, but they are coming.
1、What do we know about the “metalenses” from Paragraph 1?
A．It’s small. B．It’s expensive.
C．It’s visible. D．It’s narrow.
2、Why is it tough in making lens?
A．Light is low at different rates.
B．Light path is bent when light travels.
C．An image has colors from red to violet.
D．White light will cause different colors.
3、What does the underlined word “reverse” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Change. B．Exchange.
C．Increase. D．Improve.
4、What’s unique in ways of focusing light for a new metalens?
A．It throws the glass light back.
B．It uses metals in the structure.
C．It nearly makes the visual light all bend.
D．It is more advanced and narrow.
22．（8分） The age of adulthood is by definition arbitrary. If everyone matured at the same, fixed rate, it wouldn’t be a human process. Indeed, maturation happens at varying speeds across different categories within the same individual, so I’d say I was easily old enough to vote at 16, but nobody should have given me a credit card until I was 32, and I’ve got the county court judgment to prove it.
However, we broadly agree that there’s a difference between a child and an adult, even if we might argue about the transition point. So the political theorist David Runciman’s view that six-year-olds should be allowed to vote goes against any standard argument about the age of civic responsibility. Nobody would say that a six-year-old could be held criminally responsible, could be sent to war, could be capable of consent, could be given responsibility for anything. So allowing them the vote—along with, unavoidably, seven-year-olds who are even sillier, if anything—is quite an amusing proposal.
Runciman’s argument is that this is the only way to rebalance political life, which is currently twisted in favor of the old, who don’t (he added) ever need to demonstrate mental capacity, even long after they’ve lost it.
The first part of his case is self-evident: pensions are protected while children’s centers are closed, concepts such as sovereignty(最高权威) are prioritized over the far more urgent business of the future: climate change. Nostalgia(怀念) for a past the young wouldn’t even recognize plays a central role, which is completely unfair.
Most of the arguments against giving six-year-olds a vote are that children would end up voting for something damaging and chaotic, if someone made unrealistic promises to them, which could never be realized. Well, it’s not children’s fault.
Having said that, children do tend towards the progressive, having a natural sense of justice (which kicks in at the age of six months, psychologists have shown, by creating scenes of great unfairness to babies, and making them cry) and an underdeveloped sense of self-interest. My kid, when he was six, made quite a forceful case against private property, on the basis that, since everybody needed a house, they shouldn’t cost money, because nobody would want anyone else not to have one. Also, food should be free. It was a kind of pre-Marx communism, where you limit the coverage of the market to only those things that you wouldn’t mind someone else not having.
On that particular day, when we were registered as voters, my kid was quite far to the left of me, but in the normal run of things, we’re united, which brings us to the point of the problem: children obey you on almost nothing, but they do seem to believe in your politics until they’re adolescent. So giving kids the vote is really just a way of giving parents extra votes. And what can stop us having even more children, once there’s so much enfranchisement(选举权) in it for us?
Now, if parents could be trusted to use their influence wisely, and hammer into children the politics it will take to assure a better future, then I wouldn’t necessarily have a problem with that, apart from, obviously, that culture is already wildly twisted towards parents, and I can imagine a few non-parents boiling with fierce anger. But that’s not worth talking about anyway, because parents can’t be trusted, otherwise we’d all already vote Green(绿党).
In short: no, six-year-olds should not get the vote; but while we’re here, if any votes come up in the near future, which will have an impact on the next five decades of British political life, alongside EU migrants, 16-year-olds certainly should be enfranchised.
1、The author refers to his age of adulthood to prove that ___________.
A．people mature at different rates in various aspects
B．there’s a common standard for the age of adulthood
C．a credit card is more difficult to get than the vote
D．certain rights are granted at different stages of life
2、People reject David Runciman’s proposal because ___________.
A．they don’t think a child can grow into adulthood earlier
B．they are uncertain whether children can assume responsibility
C．they believe children are far from mature in many ways
D．they know the age to get the vote is not to be questioned
3、What is the base for David Runciman’s argument?
A．A cultural preference for the old.
B．The imbalance in political life.
C．Inequalities of opportunity.
D．Public ignorance of children’s abilities.
4、The author talks about his kid to indicate that ___________.
A．children are good-natured and like to help people in need
B．children are simple-minded and can fall for an adult’s trick
C．children are innocent and don’t want to be involved in politics
D．children are in favor of a just society and tend to be idealistic
5、The author thinks allowing children the vote may lead to ___________.
A．twisted culture B．misuse of rights
C．parents’ objections D．unusual maturation
6、What is the main point of the passage?
A．Allowing children the vote is not altogether absurd.
B．There is a difference between adults and children.
C．Parents should introduce politics to their children.
D．The definition of adulthood is quite controversial.
23．（8分）For months fish that live in dark caves in Mexico go without food. They have gone far longer- thousands of years-without light, evolving to lose their eyes and skin pigments（色素）.Now researchers have discovered these strange creatures have another oddity. They survive their food-scarce environment, the fish have evolved extreme ways of turning nutrients into energy. These features create symptoms like large blood sugar swings that, in humans, are predictors of type 2 diabetes. But in the fish these changes are adaptations, not a disease. These cave fish lead log and healthy lives.

Understanding how the fish remain healthy in spite of these symptoms may lead to new approaches for treating diabetes in people, says Cliff Tabin, a geneticist at Harvard Medical School. He and his colleagues are beginning to get clues about how cave fish survive the symptoms.
In humans and other mammals, one of the first signs of type 2 diabetes risk is poor control of Wood sugar (glucose). This happens because cells resist insulin, the hormone that signals cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream. If the problems continue, they progress into full-blown diabetes. The illness kills 3.4 million people worldwide every year, but current treatments often do not work.
The cave fish has, apparently, figured out another solution. The fish were washed from rivers into caves about a million years ago. It was a big change. Rivers were full of food but caves have only what is washed in by seasonal floods.
Because cave fish go many months without food, researchers assumed they evolved a metabolism(新陈代谢）that efficiently stores the calories in a similar way animals store fat before winter. To test that idea, they compared the cave fish with the river fish raised under same conditions in the lab. They found the cave fish do store more visceral fat than river fish. But the cave fish also had much larger, fatty livers, which resembled diabetes-linked fatty liver disease in humans. “But you don’t see destruction of the liver in these guys.” Tabin says. “It’s very curious.”
Cave fish researchers are now working to find out how the fish do it. “The only piece of total evidence is that the metabolic rate is lower in the cave fish than in their river fish relatives.” says Alex Keene of Florida Atlantic University. "There might be something about slow energy use in cells that protects against diabetes." he says, “Finding that something will, like fishing, require some patience.”
1、What interests researchers most in the cave fish is that .
A．they have evolved to lose their eyes and skin pigments
B．they have evolved ways of turning nutrients into energy
C．they have experienced no symptoms of diabetes in humans
D．they have survived from symptoms of diabetes in humans
2、It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that .
A．insulin disturbs the control of blood sugar
B．insulin takes in glucose from the bloodstream
C．insulin prevents the rise of blood sugar
D．insulin lends to progress into full-blown diabetes
3、Researchers study the metabolism in the cave fish mainly by .
A．testing the efficiency of storing fat inside them
B．comparing their fat amount with that in the river fish
C．comparing their fatty livers with those of humans
D．observing their livers storing fat with no destruction
4、It can be concluded that the features of the cave fish .
A．have enabled researchers to find out new ways