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高三英语一轮复习 资料 人教 必修1 Unit 3
必修1 Unit 3 Celebration
Part 1 Important Words
1. graduation n、 毕业
graduate vi、 n、 毕业,毕业生
graduate from 毕业于
graduation ceremony 毕业典礼
2. scholarship n、 奖学金
On full scholarship 全额奖学金
3. 传统中国节日:
The Chinese New Year= the Spring Festival 春节
The Lantern Festival 元宵节
The Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
The Tomb Sweeping Day 清明节
The Chinese Valentines Day 七夕
The Mid Autumn Festival 中秋节
The Double Ninth Festival 重阳节
4. occasion n、 时机,场合
On this/that occasion 在此时、那时
On the occasion of 值此、、、、、、之际
On no occasion/account 决不
On occasion(s)= at times/ from time to time/ now and then/ once in a while/ between times/ occasionally 偶尔,不时
Occasional adj、
Occasion n、 时机,场合
Eg、 1、 Her wedding was quite an occasion the grand hall was her family, relatives and friends、
2. This is not an occasion for laughter, you must take things seriously、
总结:抽象地点名词: situation,case, circumstance, environment, atmosphere, point, position, stage, condition, project、、、、、、
5. traditional adj、 传统得
tradition n、 传统
by tradition 按照传统
近义词:conventional
反义词:alternative
6. lunar adj、 solar adj、
7. power n、 权利, 控制力, 影响力,电力
e into/to power 开始掌权
be in power 当权
have power over sth、 对、、、、、、有控制力
be in one’s power/out of/ beyond one’s power 在某人能力范围内/超出某人能力范围
do everything in one’s power to do sth、= try one’s best to do sth、 竭尽全力做某事
power off 关机,关闭电源
powerful adj、 强大得,权力大得,(药)有效得
powerless adj、 无力得,无能得,无权利得,虚弱得
power
权力,政权,职权,影响力,电源,电力
energy
能源,精力
strength
力量,力气,长处优势
force
物理中得力,强调力所产生得实际效果,武力,暴力
8. destroy vt、 破坏,毁坏
destruction n、 破坏,毁坏
destroyer n、 破坏者
destructive adj、 破坏性得,毁灭性得
destroy
彻底,完全毁坏,无法修复
ruin
与destroy意思相近,但多指希望中得美好事物被
毁坏
damage
损坏,可重新修好使用
9. burn down 烧毁
burn out 烧尽,熄灭,耗尽精力(exhaust)
burn sb、 up 惹怒某人(annoy sb、)
burn sth、up 烧光
10. decorate vt、 装饰,布置
decoration n、 装饰,装饰品
decorative adj、 装饰性得
decorate、、、with、、、 用、、、装饰、、、
be decorated with、、、
11. boil vt、 Vi、 煮沸,沸腾
boiling adj、 滚烫得,酷热得
boiling point 沸点
boiled adj、 煮熟得
boiling water 正在沸腾得水
boiled water 开水
12. serve vt、 端上,为、、、服务
serve sb、为某人服务
serve the people heart and soul 全心全意为人民服务
serve as=act as= work as= function as 充当、、、
serve in the army 从军服役
in/out of service 在服役/已退役
at one’s service 听从某人吩咐,调遣
servant n、 仆人
注意:serve for sb(错) serve sb(正确)
13. sticky adj、 粘性得
stick vt、 n、 stuck stuck
stick out 伸出
stick to 坚持(insist on/ persist in)
stick to one’s stand 坚持某人得立场
stick to the point 紧扣主题
stick together 团结一致
stick up 竖起
be stuck/trapped/caught in 被困于、、、中
sticker n、 贴纸
strike (struck, struck) v、碰;撞;(钟)报时;
(疾病、灾难等)侵袭;突然想到;罢工
14. alcohol n、 酒,酒精
alcoholism n、 酗酒
alcoholic n、 adj、 酒精得,酒鬼
alcoholic drinks 酒精饮料
15. reception n、 招待,接待
receive vt、 接收,招待,接待
receptionist n、 接待员
receipt n、 收据,发票
on the receiving end 遭受, 承受
be well received 受欢迎
16. retire vi、 退休
retirement n、
take early retirement 提前退休
retirement age 退休年龄
retire from 退休
retired adj、 已经退休得
retiring adj、 即将退休得
retiree n、 退休者
17. salary n、 薪水
salary
年薪,月薪
wage
周薪,日薪
bonus
奖金,分红
allowance
津贴
ine
收入总称
18. apply vt、 申请,应用
apply to sb、 for sth、 向某人申请某物
A apply to B A适用于B
apply A to B 将A应用到B上
致力于、、、 : devote/mit/apply/dedicate oneself to sth、/doing sth、
be mitted/devoted/dedicated/applied to doing
application n、 申请,应用
applicant n、 申请者,求职者
application form 申请表
household appliance 家用电器
19. opportunity n、 机会
take/grasp/seize the opportunity to do sth、 抓住机会做某事
at the earliest opportunity 一有机会就
chance n、 机会 by chance/accident by design/ on purpose
20. teenager n、 青少年
infant/baby
婴儿
infantry
child
童年
childhood
teenager/adolescent
青少年
teenage years/adolescence
youth
青年
youth
adult
成年
adulthood
21. depend on 依靠依赖,取决于
depend on/upon sb、 /sth 依赖某人,指望某事
rely on/ sb、 to do/ doing sth、 依靠某人做某事
count on/ it that
(lean / rest on 依靠)
It/That (all) depends、视情况而定
dependence /reliance n、 依靠,依赖
dependent/ reliant adj、 依赖于人得
dependable/reliable adj、 可靠得,可依赖得
be dependent on 依赖于、、、、、、
be independent of 独立于、、、、、、
22. On time 准时
in time 及时,迟早
at times 有时
at a time 每次,一次
at one time 曾经一度
at no time 绝不=under no circumstances=in no case=in no sense=by no means=on no account=in no way
in no time 立刻,马上
by the time 到、、、时候
at any time 随时
23. congratulate vt、 庆祝
celebrate + an occasion, a victory, a holiday, a birthday、、、
in celebration of
congratulate sb、 on sth、/doing sth、
n、 congratulation
congratulations to sb、 on sth、/doing
24. bride ----bridegroom
best man-----bridesmaid
25. entrance-----exit 入口,出口
enter------exit
at the entrance of 在、、、得入口处
entry n、 进入
26. invitation n、 邀请,请柬
invite sb、 to do sth、
invite sb、 to some place
adj、 inviting 诱人得
27. even if/even though 尽管,即使(引导让步状语从句)
even so 尽管如此
28. attend vt、 vi、
attend school/class/church/wedding/funeral、、、 上学,上课,做礼拜,出席婚礼,葬礼、、、、
attend on sb、 照料,关照
attend to sb、/sth、 照顾某人,处理某事
attend
出席典礼仪式,上学,听报告
join
加入组织,团体,党派,俱乐部,
成为其中一员
Join in
参加游戏,活动,讨论
Take part in
参加群众性活动,运动及战争,
以主人翁态度参加并发挥作用
29. contribute (to)为、、、做贡献,投稿,捐赠,促进、导致
30. contribute to sth、/doing 为、、、做贡献,投稿,捐赠,促进、导致
contribute sth、 to sth、/doing 向、、、捐赠、、、
make contributions/ a contribution to 为、、、做贡献
31. link vt、 n、 连接
Link A with/to B、 be linked to、、、、
Connect A with/to B、
bine A with B
Associate A with B
Join A to B
32. seriously adv、 严肃地,认真地
take sth、 seriously 认真严肃地对待、、、
serious adj、 严肃得,严重得
n、 Seriousness
33、 put up 竖起,建造,张贴,举起,为、、、 提供食宿
put down 记下,写下,镇压平定
Put aside 储存,保留,把、、、放在一边
Put away 放好,收好
Put out 扑灭,出版
Put off 推迟 (delay)
Put forward 提出,拨快
Put through 接通电话
Put up with 忍受 (bear/ stand/ tolerate)
put together 齐心协力
33. breast=chest n、 胸部
34. Swallow n、 燕子 vt、 吞咽
35. carry on 继续
carry on doing 继续做某事
carry on with 继续,继承
carry out 实施,实行 (conduct)
carry away 拿走,掠走,吸引住某人
carry off 夺走,赢得
carry through 完成,渡过难关
carry back将……送/带回原地;使某人记起
go on to do/doing
continue to do/doing
36. production n、 生产,制造,产量
produce vt、 生产,制造,取出
product n、 产品
productive adj、 多产得
productivity n、 生产力
manufacture vt、 生产,制造
producer/manufacturer n、 生产商,制造商
37. as well 也
as well as 和(就远原则)
with/along with/together with/A rather than B
38. unfortunately adv、 不幸地
fortune n、 ---- misfortune
fortunate-----unfortunate adj、
make a fortune 发财致富
seek one’s fortune 碰运气
39. mess n、 混乱,脏乱
messy adj、 混乱得
make a mess of sth、 把、、、弄得一团糟
in a mess 混乱,一团糟
chaos n、 unrest disorder
Part 2 Important Phrases &
Sentence Patterns
1. take an active part in 积极参加
take part in 参加
2. as well表示“也,又,而且”,相当于too/also,用于肯定句中,用于句尾。
A few of my good friends came as well、
as well as意为“既……又;也,又”,可连接两个并列成分,强调其前面得内容,因此连接并列主语时,谓语应与前边得主语保持人称和数得一致。
My confidence as well as my school grades has improved through the activity、
may/might as well do sth、=had better do sth、表示“最好做某事;做……倒也无妨”。
The deadline of the project is around the corner ,so we might as well get some help、
经典句型
1、 On this day,the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest、
据说这一天得月亮是最大最亮得。
(1)Sb、/Sth、 is/was said to do/to be …
据说某人/某物要做某事/是……
Sb、 /Sth、 is /was said to be doing …
据说某人/某物正在做某事
Sb、/Sth、 is /was said to have done…
据说某人/某物已经做了某事
(2)上面句式可转化为 It is /was said that …据说……
(3)相似句式:It is thought/ believed /hoped / reported /supposed / considered that…
It is well-known that…众所周知
2、 If a friend gets an invitation to a wedding,you can go with him/her,even if you don’t receive an invitation yourself、
如果一个朋友收到婚礼得请帖,即使您本人没有收到请帖,也可以和她/她一起去。
(1)even if/though即使,尽管,引导让步状语从句,在从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。在主从句主语相同时也可采用省略结构。
(2) as if/though意为“好像”,引导方式状语从句或表语从句。当说话人陈述得不是事实时,从句用虚拟语气。
(3)even so即使如此;尽管这样
3、 At the bottom of the bed was the stocking,now full of all kinds of small presents and sweets、
床尾得长筒袜里现在已经装满了各种各样得小礼物和糖果。
句型:完全倒装
本句为完全倒装句,即把整个谓语提到主语前面。完全倒装得情况有:
(1)表示方位或时间得副词(如here,there,now,then,in,out等)位于句首作状语,谓语动词为go,e等表示位移得动态动词时,通常用全部倒装。
(2)表示方位得介词短语位于句首时,通常用全部倒装。
(3)有时为了保持句子平衡或强调表语,常将作表语得形容词、介词短语、动词-ed形式及动词-ing形式置于句首,形成完全倒装。
[易错点]
(1)如果主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语语序不变。如:
Away it went、/Here you are、/Down they flew、
它走了。/给您。/它们飞了下来。
(2)倒装句中,主语后置,这时要特别注意句子得主谓一致。如:
In front of the house were two wheat fields、
房前有两块麦田。
Between the lakes is a modern public library、
两湖之间有一座现代化公立图书馆。
4、 I put so much food in my mouth sometimes that it was hard to swallow、
有时,我把如此多得食物塞入口中以至于很难咽下去。
句型:主语+be+形容词+不定式
(1)在句型“主语+be+形容词+不定式”中,不定式作表语形容词得状语,并且和句子得主语构成逻辑上得动宾关系,此时不定式多用主动形式表示被动含义。
(2)该不定式中得动词必须是及物动词;动词为不及物动词时,需在动词后加上相应得介词。
(3)常见得此类形容词有easy,hard,difficult,interesting,heavy,pleasant,fortable,safe,dangerous,impossible等,该类形容词说明得是不定式得性质。
Part 3 Grammar The passive voice
Lead-in
n The book sells well in the book store、
n These books were sold to Jack last week、
n This fish tastes very delicious、
n This fish is being tasted by me、
一、英语动词有两种语态:
主动语态(the active voice)
被动语态(the passive voice)
主动语态:表示主语是动作得执行者
We planted the trees
主谓关系
被动语态:表示主语是动作得承受者
The trees were planted by us、
动宾关系
注意:后面能接宾语得动词才有被动语态。
二、被动语态得构成
n 一般现在时 is/are/am+done
n 一般过去时 were/was +done
n 一般将来时 will/shall be done
n 过去将来时 would/should+be done
n 现在进行时 is/am/are+done
n 过去进行时 was/were being done
n 现在完成时 have/has been done
n 过去完成时 had been done
n 将来完成时 will/shall have been done
n 过去将来完成时 would/should have been done
Eg、 (1) Three bridges ﻩ (build) since last year、
(2) More man-made satellites ﻩ
(send) up in the future、
(3) The lost boy (find) at the street corner last night、
(4) Flowers should ﻩﻩﻩ (water) everyday、
三、被动语态得用法:
(1)不知道谁是动作得执行者或没有必要知道时
Eg、 This new style of Mp5 was very popular among young people when it ﻩ (introduce) to the market、
(3) 当动作得执行者不是人时
Eg、 The number of death from heart disease
ﻩﻩﻩﻩ (reduce) greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables、
四、主动变被动得规则
n 1、 带双宾语结构得主动语态变被动语态
n My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday、
n The speaker showed us the amazing truth、
被动形式
n An interesting book was given to me (by my friend) on my birthday、
n I was given an interesting book (by my friend) on my birthday、
n We were shown the amazing truth by the speaker、
n The amazing truth was shown to us、
结构总结
n Sb gives______ 主动形式
n Sb be______ 被动形式1
n Sth be ________ 被动形式2
n 能用于此类结构得动词有bring, lend, offer, pass, sell, show, tell, hand 等。
2、宾语补足语变主语补足语
n We saw the boy fall off the bike、
n His boss makes him work all day long、
n I saw him playing the violin、
n His father caught him smoking in the washroom、
被动形式
n The boy was seen to fall off the bike、
n He is made (by his boss) to work all day long、
n He was seen playing the violin、
n He was seen smoking in the washroom、
结构总结
n Sb see________(主动)
n Sb be seen to _______(被动1)
n Sb see sb______(主动)
n Sb be seen ________(被动2)
n 能用于此类结构得动词有find, catch, notice, observe, hear 等。
3、短语动词变被动语态
n They took good care of their children、
n You should pay attention to your pronunciation and spelling、
被动形式
n Their children were taken good care of、
n Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to、
结构总结
n Sb laugh at sb
n Sb be______
n Sb make use of sth
n Sth be_________
n 能用于此类结构得词组有care for, take advantage of, put away, turn in 等。
4、情态动词和be going to, be to, be sure to, used to, have to, had better等结构变被动
n Everyone must know this news、
n He used to buy two tickets at the weekend、
n You had better change this habit、
被动形式
n This news must be known by everyone、
n Two tickets used to be bought by him at the weekend、
n This habit had better be changed by you、
结构总结
n Sb have to do sth
n Sth have to _______
n Sb be going to do sth
n Sth be going to_______
5、当主句得谓语是say, believe, expect, think, know, write, consider, report 等时,被动语态有两种形式、
n People say he is a smart boy、
n People know paper was made in China first、
n People expect Jack to e back soon、
被动形式
n It is said that he is a smart boy、 (被动1)
n He is said to be a smart boy、(被动2)
n It is known that paper was made in China first、(被动1)
n Paper was known to be made in China first、(被动2)
n It is said that Jack e back soon、(被动1)
n Jack is expected to e back soon、 (被动2)
结构总结
n People consider that sb be (主动)
n It__________ that sb be(被动1)
n Sb __________ to be(被动2)
n People know that sb do sth (主动)
n It________that sb do sth(被动1)
n Sb __________to do sth(被动2)
三、通常不能用于被动语态得动词
n 1、 某些特定动词,例如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost 等, 不能用于被动语态。
n The key just fits the lock、
n The lock is fitted by the key、 (F)
n The box can hold all your clothes、
n All your clothes can be held by the box、(F)
2、不能用于被动语态得某些动词短语,如agree with, arrive at/in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, belong to等、
n Your story agrees with what we expected、
n What we expected is agreed with you’re your story、(F)
n I shook hands with the director outside、
n The director was shaken hands with outside、(F)
n The villagers suffered from a terrible flood、
n A flood was suffered from by the villagers、(F)
3、带同源宾语得及物动词不能用于被动语态,例如 die……death, dream…、dream, live…、life 等、
n She dreamed a bad dream last night、
n A bad dream was dreamed last night、(F)
n He died a heroic death、
n A heroic death was died by him、(F)
4、不及物动词无被动语态,常见得有appear, disappear, fail, fall, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand 等、
n Our difficulty will soon disappear、
n Our difficulty will soon be disappeared (F)
n The meeting lasted three hours、
n The meeting was lasted three hours (F)
n The boy fell from the horse、
n The boy was fallen from the horse、(F)
5、 感官动词和系动词(如look, seem, taste, feel, sound, prove等 )通常无被动语态,主语通常是事物。
Eg、 The material ﻩ (feel) very soft、
(改错) Felt very tired, he got home and went
to sleep without having supper、
练习题
n 1、 Shortly after he borrowed this book, he________(call) to London to continue his research、
n 2、 More efforts, as reported,________(make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform、
n 3、We won’t start the work until all the preparations___________(make)、
n 4、 The famous musician, as well as his students, ________(invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2019 Taipei Flower Expo、
n 5、 She_________(treat) at Walton Hospital, where her condition is described as “satisfactory”、
n 6、 I like the English songs and they __________(teach) many times on the radio、
n 7、 At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement__________(reach)、
n 8、 I got caught in the rain and my suit_________(ruin)、
n 9、 I found the lecture hard to follow because it________(start) when I arrived、
n 10、 It took a long time but eventually the dog________(stop) barking and the man was able to touch it、
n 11、 –What time is it ?
n -- I have no idea、 But just a minute, I ________(check) it for you、
n 12、 Whenever you _______ (buy) a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view、
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