EH热式气体质量流量计basic.pptx

Click to add Content Title,22.12.2003,测量原理,产品系列,安装和操作,2020/3/10,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二层,第三层,第四层,第五层,Slide,#,t-switch/t-trend,应用,气体的物理基础,E+H China,Slide,1,P,ro,line,t-mass,热式气体质量流量计,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,2,全球热式质量流量计市场份额,从,2004,到,2005,销售增加了,$3.6M,E+H -0.4%,市场份额,E+H,增加,+1.6%,台数,Kurz,11%,FCI(Fluid Components,International LLC),14%,Sierra,（,美国思雅乐）,24%,E+H,6.9%,Others,27.6%,ABB,7.3%,1,1,Z,p,T,1,T,2,T,3,Z 1,比理想气体膨胀,当理想气体受到压缩时，真实气体因子来说明这个偏差,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,16,真实气体因子,-Z,真实气体因子与下列有关,:,气体,压力和温度,1 bar a,5 bar a,10 bar a,20 bar a,40 bar a,Air 20 C,0.9997,0.9986,0.9972,0.9944,0.9889,Air 100 C,1.0001,1.0007,1.0013,1.0027,1.0053,CO2 20 C,0.9945,0.9727,0.9453,0.8906,-,CO2 100 C,0.9978,0.9892,0.9785,0.9570,0.9140,He 20 C,1.0002,1.0012,1.0024,1.0048,1.0096,He 100 C,1.0002,1.0009,1.0019,1.0038,1.0076,Ammonia 100C,0.9959,0.9797,0.9593,0.9187,0.8374,Chlorine 100 C,0.9939,0.9697,0.9395,0.8789,-,Argon 20 C,0.9993,0.9966,0.9933,0.9866,0.9731,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,17,气体潮湿的影响,250,260,270,280,290,300,310,-45,-40,-35,-30,-25,-20,-15,-10,-5,0,5,参考流量,t-mass,显示,露点,露点,Kg/hr,从,自然空气,变成,干燥的,空气,Reference Flow,只要湿气不冷凝，影响不大。,用,t-mass,流量计作试验测量,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,18,例如,:,压力和温度对,CO,2,的影响,当过程压力增加时,气体特有的冷却效应也增加,这就需要补偿,.,为了精确测量就要乘以修正系数,.,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,19,体积或质量流量测量,?,例如,:,压缩空气,体积,温度,压力,密度,质量,1 m,3,/min,20 C,1 bar,1.2 kg/m3,1.2 kg/min,0,183 m,3,/min,100 C,7 bar,6.5 kg/m3,1.2 kg/min,0,148 m,3,/min,20 C,6,8 bar,8.1 kg/m3,1.2 kg/min,到用户,Counter,1,Counter,2,从压缩机,吸入空气,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,20,标准,/,规格化条件下的体积,1 m,1 m,1 m,P=1013 mbar,T=0 C,例子,:,Air=1.293 kg,Hydrogen=0.089 kg,Chlorine gas=3.220 kg,规格化条件下的体积,在标准（规定）工况下气体体积的质量。,也可以认为气体的特定质量单位。,标准条件,Reference Conditions,最常见的是,0C,和,1013 mbar a,在美国是,:1013 mbar 15C,1 Nm3,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,21,质量流计算,体积测量,稳定的工况,直接转化成质量,不稳定的工况,用压力，温度和体积计算质量,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,22,0%,10%,20%,30%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%,90%,100%,1980,1997,2005,质量流量计,在线压力和温度补偿的体积测量,固定压力和温度的体积流量计,纯体积流量计,气体测量的趋势,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,23,内容,热消散（冷却）质量流量计的物理原理,热式质量流量计的基本设计,流量传感器器的概念和设计,制造工艺的限制和影响,有关气体的性质和影响因素,过程条件,(,压力和温度,),的影响,此技术的优缺点,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,24,传感器有两个,PT100,的热电阻组成，一个测量管道内气体的温度，另一个由电流进行加热，保持这两个热电阻之间的温度差恒定。,当气体流经热电阻，就会有冷却效应。当流量增加，冷却效应就增加，为保持两个热电阻的温度差恒定所需的传感器功率就增加。,加在加热电阻上的功率与质量流量成正比,测量原理,-,热传导原理,(,金氏定律,),质量流量,=,密度,.,流速,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,25,热传感器,(PT100),2 x RTD,=PT100(100R 0C),可靠的结构设计,对气体温度更加敏感,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,26,Proline t-mass 65,F/I,热式质量流量计,焊接式传感器,无密封圈,带有,S-DAT,模块 存储标定数据,在现场可进行更换,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,27,热消散（冷却）,流量,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,28,热消散（冷却）,+,+,+,+,+,+,+,流量,传感器加热以保持固定的温差。,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,29,热消散（冷却）,+,+,+,+,+,+,+,流量,当气体分子流过加热的铂金丝时带走热量。,带走的热量取决于分子数量（与流速和压力有关）和气体的性质（比热，热导率等）。,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,30,热消散（冷却）,+,+,+,+,+,+,+,+,+,流量,传感器驱动电路在,PT100,上加上更多的功率以保持高于气体温度的温度差。,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,31,典型的流量特性,非线性的流量特性,低流量时很高的灵敏度,在整个流量量程段通常需要几点校验,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,32,典型的流量特性,?,压力,温度,流速,气体性质,:,-,热导率,-,比热,-,粘度,-,湿度,传导表面条件,如,.,污染,冷凝,随着压力和温度,的变化而变化,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,33,压力和温度的影响,气体的热性质会随着压力和温度的变化而变化,不同气体的影响也不一样,:,如空气受温度的影响大一些而,CO,2,则受压力的影响更大些,温度可动态补偿,即实时测量气体的温度并实时校正气体的性质,若压力稳定的话可以在面板上输入一设定值,若压力变化很大的话,如,5 bar,则用压力变送器的,mA,输出,/,PROFIBUS,/,Modbus RS485,作为它的输入,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,34,压力和温度的影响,以下示列生动地展现空气受压力和温度地影响,.,若压力和温度改变得不大的话,空气受此影响不大,.,否则的话,则由于热性质的改变而需要修正其偏差,.,APPLICATOR,软件能用来估算可能的影响,.,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,35,应用范围,Air,Oxygen O,2,NitrogenN,2,Carbon DioxideCO,2,ArgonAr,Methane,(,甲烷）,CH,4,建议用在,t-mass,说明书的范围内,Biogas,(,沼气）,Natural gas,HydrogenH,2,HeliumHe,Butane,(,丁烷,),CH,3,CH,2,Propane,(,丙烷,),C,3,H,8,必须小心从事,:,检查下列,:,压力,温度,组分,潮湿,流量,用户期望值,其它气体,:,如氯化氨,对于没在上列的请求专家支持,!,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,36,潮湿影响,潮湿气体会在传感器上增加冷却效应,只要避免冷凝的话,这种影响就会减少到最低,全年季节改变而引起的湿度改变会增减输出高达,7%,.,假设传感器上有冷凝,输出会明显地上升,.,只要没有冷凝发生，湿气的影响可以忽略不计。,旧的传感器对于任何液相其读数都会增大。,测量误差总是负的（仪表读数高）而且很难量化误差多少。,运用以下露点计算冷凝的影响,若过程温度小于露点,=,冷凝考虑过程压力,!,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,37,传感器上的冷凝物,+,+,+,+,流量,+,+,+,+,+,+,+,+,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,38,气体混合物,只要混合气体的组分保持恒定,就可用热式质量流量计,.,若混合气体的组分改变,就会出现测量的不确定性,.,对于质量流量速率的影响可用,Applicator,来计算,.,若几个组分具有相同的性质,则仪表的性能不会发生很大影响,如空气和氮气,.,若改变氢气和氦气气体组分,就会极大地改变混合气体地性质并导致极大地测量误差,.,查阅,Applicator,!,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,39,与空气比较的其它气体,在某一固定的过程条件下与空气比较,由于各不相同地热性质下列气体流量量程不同,:,Air 100%,Argon 262%,Biogas/Natural Gas,94%,CO,2,159%,O,2,106%,N,2,100%,H,2,1%,FT010BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,40,优势,单点质量流量测量,宽的量程比,100:1,可测很低的流速,忽略不计的压损,(5 bar),会影响主要的测量信号,对于氨气这类气体进行补偿特别有用,利用电流输入和绝压压力变送器,注意：,大多数应用中压力的变化很小，不需要进行补偿，例如：,Compressed Air 0.5 bar,也可通过,Profibus DP,或者,Modbus RS 485,FT030BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,69,t-mass 65,支持的标准气体,Air,Ammonia,Argon,Butane,Carbon Dioxide,Carbon Monoxide,Chlorine,Ethane,(,乙烷,),Ethylene,(,乙烯,),Helium 4,Hydrogen(normal),Hydrogen Chloride,Hydrogen Sulphide,Krypton,(,氪,),Methane,Neon,（氖）,Neon,Nitrogen,Oxygen,Propane,Xenon,(,氙,),FT030BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,70,气体混合物,运行在,”,自动的,”,气体引擎模型上,.,输入气体组分从,1,8,从,20,种单一气体中选,1,8,种气体,总的组分必须是,100.00,(,百分摩尔,%),FT030BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,71,混合气的例子,:,压缩天然气,沼气,81.470 Mole%,氮气,13.940 Mole%,Ethane 02.900 Mole%,Carbon Dioxide 00.990 Mole%,Propane 00.500 Mole%,Butane 00.150 Mole%,Helium 00.050 Mole%,FT030BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,72,精度指标,65F,传感器,:1.5%of reading for 100 to 20%of full scale 0.3%o.f.s for 20 to 1%o.f.s,65I sensor:1.5%of reading plus 0.5%of full scale,FT030BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,73,Proline t-mass,范围,测量范围,标定范围,受制造商标定装置的限制,用空气在,1 bar,和,23 C,标定,有赖于仪表尺寸,有效的准确度,外延范围,受速度和不同温度所限,编程范围,按照过程要求缩放测量量程,但必须在外延范围之内,FT030BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,74,t-mass 65I/F,标定范围,由于标定装置容量的限制而决定,t-mass,标定的范围,标定在,24C,接近真空的条件下完成,限制有赖于所要标定仪表的尺寸,因此,t-mass,精度指标有赖于标定范围,因为标定的气体是空气所以指标是以空气做依据的,.,FT030BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,75,标定范围外的应用软件,若流量计用在标定的参考条件之外,测量范围就会改变,用,E+H APPLICATOR,来计算范围,.,如下所示,:,管径,Gas,Process P,Temperature,Max.Flow,DN,Bar a,C,kg/h,50,Air,1,24,910,50,Air,3,24,3300,50,CO2,1,24,1300,50,CO2,3,24,3950,50,Methane,1,24,795,50,Methane,3,24,1500,FT030BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,76,外延流量范围,t-mass 65,具有外延流量范围能力,:,容许流量测量超出流量标定的范围,.,受下列限制,:,最大流速,或,传感器的差值温度,T,3 C,这些流量极限值决定于管径,气体类型,过程压力和温度,.,当超出极限值使用时就会出现过程误差,.,流量外延用户可以把它编成出错信息或注意信息,FT030BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,77,外延流量范围,对外延流量范围不保证其精度,温度不超出,.3 K,或最大流速不超过,136,米,/,秒,.,标定范围,外延范围,FT030BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,78,流量极限,如果满足下列条件就会出现过程误差,:,超出最大流速或,传感器的温差小于最小极小值,(min.,T,3C),在这种情况下,“,所测的最大流量太高了,”,在这种条件下不能进行测量,!,选择大的尺寸或减小流速,FT030BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,79,外延流量范围定径,1 bar,24C=,最大外延流量是,1108 kg/h,极限,:Mach 0.4,10 bar,24C=,最大外延流量是,4300 kg/h,极限,:,T 100 mm)?,Depends on accuracy expectations Always insertion,Depending on price,6.,What is the most accurate t-mass sensor?,F sensorAlways insertion,I sensor with special,calibration,Application Information Proline t-mass 65,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,137,Information:,A Prowirl 73,set for Carbon Dioxide gas,with HART pressure input was used as a reference to test the gas engine calculations of the new t-mass65.The Proline t-mass was calibrated on air and then,via the keyboard,programmed for the same gas.,Carbon Dioxide Feed to Brewery,Process Specs:,Gas:Carbon Dioxide,Pressure:8 bar g.,Temperature:32 C,Flow Range:1000 Kg/hr,Line size:80mm(3”),Instrument:,Model:Proline t-mass 65F,Location,Scottish Courage Brewery UK,Application Information Proline t-mass 65,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,138,Detailed application information,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,139,应用,-,使用的行业和范围,行业 所测范围,压缩空气,保温和通风,饮料,/,啤酒,-CO,2,&N,2,空分系统,气体生产,-,氩气,氮气,氧气,CO2,氦气,污水处理,-,沼气,压缩空气,垃圾处理厂,钢铁制造,-,氩气,氮气,氧气,制药,-,氮气，空气,其他,-,气体检漏，能源测量,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,140,应用,-,注意事项,为了保证准确测量和重复性，必须满足以下条件：,1.,测量气体的成分不能变化太大,否则引起混合气体的比热容和热导率的变化,影响测量精度,.,2.,测量气体必须是干净的气体,有灰尘或其它杂质会粘附在测量电阻上,影响测量,.,3.,测量气体的工作的温度和压力变化不能太大,否则气体的比热容会发生变化,.,4.,最重要的是测量气体须经干燥处理,不能含有水分,否则电路板会受潮损坏,同时严重影响测量,.,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,141,应用,-,安装实例,1,：马鞍山钢铁公司三钢厂,优点,:,稳定的小流量的测量,免维护,.,仪表:,AT-70F,DN15,Flange version,流体:,Argon(,氩气,),0400 Nm3/h,压力,:68 bar,温度,:,常温,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,142,应用,-,安装实例,2,：张家港开发区污水厂,仪表:,DN200,插入式,流体:,压缩空气,1001500 m3/h,压力,:68 bar,使用原因,:,通过对进风量的测量，控制曝气池的氧含量,.,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,143,应用,-,安装实例,3,：福建漳州污水厂,优点,:,稳定的流量测量,安装简单，方便,仪表:,AT-70,DN200,插入式,流体:,压缩空气,1001500 m3/h,压力,:68 bar,2025/9/3 周三,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,144,过程参数,:,介质,:,二氧化碳,压力,:13.5 Bar g,温度,:,25 deg.,流量,:,0-1500 kg/h,仪表,:,型号,:,65F40,口径,/,材质,:,DN40/SS316L,Viton,密封,软件,/,总线,:,标准,用户,:,Bulmers,国家,:Clonmel,爱尔兰,PHOTO,工艺,:,苹果酒生产设备,发酵容器,CO2,测量,应用,-,安装实例,4,：,CO,2,测量,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,应用要求,:,流量范围大,-,量程比宽,应用环境,:,室外安装,天然气,仪表,:,T-Mass AT70F,优点,:,稳定的测量,相比涡街流量计 量程比更宽,行业,:,食品,用户,:,Coppers,酒厂,澳大利亚,应用,-,安装实例,5,：天然气测量,FT100APEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,146,特殊应用,潮湿和脏的沼气,氦气和氢气,垃圾气或煤层气,.,FT100APEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,147,潮湿和脏的,沼气,影响,气体成分,沼气的成分依赖于有机物的发酵,.,操作员密切注视着成分变化,.,所以这种影响可以被补偿,潮湿,只要能避免凝露,潮湿的影响就可忽略不计,.,若有凝露,流量就会高出实际值的,30.50%.,不可能知道确切的影响因此一定要避免凝露,饱和气体的温度下降气体就会冷凝,.,若管子是绝热的或甚至是加热的就会把凝露降低到最少或避免,.,FT100APEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,148,100,150,200,250,300,350,400,0,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,沼气,二氧化碳,2,温度,流量,Nm3/hr,o,C,管道尺寸,:8”(200mm),压力,:30%,所生产的压缩空气浪费掉,(,泄漏,损耗,).,一台典型的,200kw,压缩机每星期运行,5,天,每天,24,小时,则每年花费,$106,000.,7 bar,压力的压缩空气系统中有,3mm,的漏洞则每年花费,$2080.,把浪费从,30%,减到,15%,将每年节约,$16,000.,而一台流量计只不过花费,$6,000.,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,167,压缩空气,能量提示,生产,1,马力的压缩空气需消耗,7,马力的电能,(least efficient source of energy).,空气入口应该有冷却装置,查找泄漏点,(,通常有,40%,的损耗,!),测量生产和消费来控制使用,维持最低压降,(,减少,13.79KPa,的压差就能节约,1%,能量,),维持最低的系统压降,;,分散压缩机,干燥气体,(,有效地减少湿气,),有规律地改变压缩机过滤装置,恰当的管道尺寸,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,168,压缩空气,泄漏代价,加拿大工业能源节约管理,:,2002,年能效管理指导,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,169,Why Mass?,吸入,压缩,and blows out,通常的速率是,l/min,体积改变,7-14%,(,夏天,/,冬季,),FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,170,压缩空气,转换成工作环境,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,171,体积或质量测量,?,抽气机或自由空气,100 m,3,/min,20 C,1 bar,1.2 kg/m3,120 kg/min,体积,温度,压力,密度,质量,Counter,1,Counter,2,14.4 m,3,/min,20 C,7 bar,8.33 kg/m3,120 kg/min,18.4 m,3,/min,100 C,7 bar,6.5 kg/m3,120 kg/min,体积随压力和温度的改变而改变,质量则不变,!,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,172,Free Air Delivered,抽气机,or,Free Air Delivered,体积,温度,压力,密度,质量,1000 m,3,/hour,15 C,1.013 bar,1.14 kg/m3,1140 kg/hr,1000 m,3,/hour,26 C,0.98 bar,1.06 kg/m3,1060 kg/hr,1000 m,3,/hour,0 C,1.1 bar,1.31 kg/m3,1310 kg/hr,周围环境,?,夏季,冬季,?,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,173,压缩机房,M,主过程环,M,Paint Shop,Ring Main,SM,去干燥器工段,Non return or zone valve,目标速度,6 m/sec,M =,测量点,SM=,次测量点,M,Ring Main Distribution,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,174,压缩空气,铜矿,(,赞比亚,),FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,175,Typical Cost Breakdown,75%,Energy Cost,10%,Maintenance,15%,Capital,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,176,压缩空气泄漏代价,-,/year,压力 洞的大小,/,直径,(,mm,),1 2 3 4,2.5 bar(g),12045011443600,5 bar(g),20083018405100,7 bar(g),250103424236250,0,1000,2000,3000,4000,5000,6000,7000,8000,1,2,3,5,洞的直径,(,mm,),Cost in s per year,2.5 bar(g),5 bar(g),7 bar(g),基于每千瓦小时,4.5,英镑,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,177,减少浪费,降低压力,降低成本,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,51%,58%,65%,72%,79%,86%,93%,100%,功率消耗,压力,Bar,压力越高,生产成本越高,Pressure loss must be compensated by higher compressing pressure,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,178,The role of t-mass in a brewery,Purchased to Measure,Monitor weekly departmental air consumption profiles,Determine specific departmental consumption ratio by dividing air used by beer processed,Set departmental targets,Survey the site for leeks every 6 months.Identify,quantify,tag and fix them,Successes,Reduced air leaks considerably-see graph,23K/Yr(36K)saving for kegging department alone!,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,179,某一调查结果,K,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,180,Industry Quote,“If you dont measure it,you cant manage it!”,0,500,1000,1500,2000,2500,1,16,31,46,61,76,91,106,121,136,151,166,hours per week,demand l/s,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,181,请注意：,在决定尺寸时请注意要测量的是体积流量还是质量流量。,不正确的安装方式会导致附加的测量误差。,把流量计安装在无油无水的地方！,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,182,Air measurement in STP,s,The air delivered to the aeration basins amounts to one of the largest cost factors of a sewage treatment plant,If the free oxygen in the biological is to low the efficiency of the bacteria is reduced,worst case they are killed and the plant is down,To much oxygen in this process is a waste of money,STP=Sewage Treatment Plant,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,183,Typical conditions,The large quantities of air used in this application require large pipes,Because of large diameters and the restricted space it is not always possible to obey the required straight pipe lengths,Pressure loss would cost a lot of money due to the large flow rates,Massflow is ideal since the oxygen balance of the process is based on mass too,The air is delivered by fans or blowers at relatively low gauge pressure,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,184,Glenelg STP in South Australia,Air to aeration basins,Remote electronic,Ideal installation conditions but,.Spiral welded pipes create swirls that can lead to additional measuring errors,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,185,Subiaco STP in Subiaco(Western Australia),Pipe diameter 1650 mm,Air to aeration basins,Installation in custom flange,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proline T-mass,培训,Slide,186,Bolivar STP in Australia,Pipe diameter 500 mm,Installation BEFORE control valve,FT050BPEB,Endress+Hauser,气体热式质量流量计,Proli