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专题十三 阅读理解之人物传记、故事类
1.【2015·湖北卷】B
What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can（装罐）and preserve much of the food they consume.
Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that every has the ability to control what’s on their plate.
Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,”she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.
“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony （阳台）? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place to start.” “Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.”
Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.”
In addition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don’t take care of the earth, no will.”
55.The underlined word “prerequisite” (Pare. 1) is closest in meaning to “______”.
A. recipe B. substitute C. requirement D. challenge
56.Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?
A. They are used daily.
B. They are easy to grow.
C. They can grow very tall
D. They can be eaten uncooked
57.According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?
A. It can preserve their best flavor
B. It can promote her online sales
C. It can better her cooking skills
D. It can improve their nutrition
58.What is the“the bigger picture” (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?
A. The knowledge about good food
B. The way to live a grow-our-own life
C. The joy of getting in touch with foods
D. The responsibility to protect our earth
【考点定位】记叙文阅读
【名师点睛】记叙文体裁特点是：人不离事,事不离人。写人的文章事情是重点；记事的文章人物是关键。考生要注意抓住故事情节，理解文章脉络，重点关注作者重墨泼就的细节描写，领会作者的写作意图。同时还要把握人物的情绪起伏,要进入“角色”，客观做题。本文顺应当前社会生活潮流，介绍了园艺和食品保存大师Theresa Loe如何利用阳台、小院在喧嚣繁忙的大都市里过田园生活。
2.【2015·北京卷】A
The Boy Made It!
One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn’t have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.
Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.
He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter form the freezing wind and snow. If he didn’t, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him.
Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.
By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn’t lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could- he huddled(蜷缩) in his cave and slept.
The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldn’t find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.
Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls’ survival show. Man vs. Wild. That’s where he learned the tips that saved his life, In each episode(一期节目)of Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.
When Grylls heard about Nicholas’ amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.
56. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?
A. He got lost. B. He broke his skis.
C. He hurt his eyes D. He caught a cold
57. How did Nicholas keep himself warm?
A. He found a shelter. B. He lighted some branches.
C. He kept on skiing. D. He built a snow cave.
58. On Tuesday, Nicholas _____.
A. returned to his shelter safely
B. was saved by a searcher
C. got stuck in the snow
D. staved where he was
59. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he _____.
A. did the right things in the dangerous situation
B. watched Grylls’ TV program regularly
C. created some tips for survival
D. was very hard-working
【解析】
试题分析：本文讲的是一个小男孩在暴风雪中迷路，他不畏艰难，利用在电视中学到的野外生存知识逃脱困境的故事。
56. A 细节理解题。根据第一段第三行，Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone!”可知答案。说明在Nicholas迷路了。故选A。
57. D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段根据第四段第一行，Nicholas built a snow cave。以及to stay as warm as he could可知，Nicholas保持温暖的方式是建了一个雪洞。故选D。
58.B 细节理解题。根据第六段第三行，He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him。可知，星期二的时候，Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了。故选B。
59.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的，He was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyonehow hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive。”可知，Grylls这个人想表达一个小男孩能在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，A选项正好能表达此意思。故选A。
【考点定位】故事类阅读
【名师点睛】本文考查记叙文，讲的是“小孩在山里迷路，求生的过程”，做好一篇记叙文，要交代清楚人物和事件，就必须交代清楚记叙的要素，即：时间、地点、人物、事件的原因、经过和结果。弄清记叙文中的人称代词指代的对象，有利于更好地理解文意。线索是记叙文的纲，抓住线索，就能理顺文章内容，掌握文章结构，更好地理解文章的中心思想。记叙文以叙事为主，但有时也运用描写、说明和议论。尤其是要注意夹叙夹议类文章，它的题目往往设计为推理性和总结性题目。文中题目往往在文中能找到出处，把握好文中具体细节即可。
3.【2015·广东】A
Peter loved to shop used articles. Almost a month ago, he bought popular word game that used little pieces of wood with different letters on them. As he was purchasing it, the salesgirl said, “Uh, look, the game box haven’t even been opened yet. That might be worth some money. ”
Peter examined the box, and, sure enough, it was completely covered in factory-sealed plastic. And he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box.
“You should put that up for auction (拍卖) on the Internet, and see what happens.”the salesgirl said.
“Yes, you’re right. People like something rare.” Peter agreed, “I can’t imagine there being very many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years later.”
“Don’t forget to tell me if you sell it.” the salesgirl smiled.
“No problem.” Peter said.
After he got home, Peter went online to several auction websites looking for his game. But he couldn’t find it. Then he typed in the name of the word game and hit Search. The search result was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game. Over the years, the game had been produced using letters in different sizes and game boards in different colors. He also found some lists of game fans looking for various versions of the game. Peter emailed some of them, telling them what he had.
Two weeks later, Peter went back to the shop.
“Hello. Do you still remember the unopened word game?”
The salesgirl looked at him for a second, then recognized him and said, “Oh, hi!”
“I’ve got something for you,” Peter said. “I sold the game and made $1,000. Thank you for your suggestion.” He handed her three $ 100 bills.
“Wow!” the salesgirl cried out. “Thank you, I never expected it.”
26. Which of the following best describes Peter’s word game?
A. It was made around 40 years ago.
B. It had game boards in different sizes.
C. It was kept in a plastic bag with a seal.
D. It had little pieces of wood in different colors.
27. What did the salesgirl probably think of Peter’s word game?
A. Old and handy.
B. Rare and valuable.
C. Classic and attractive.
D. Colorful and interesting
28. Peter got the names of the game fans from _________.
A. an auction
B. the Internet
C. a game shop
D. the second-hand shop
29. What happened at the end of the story?
A. Peter gave the girl $300 as a reward.
B. The salesgirl became Peter’s friend.
C. Peter returned the word game for $ 1,000.
D. The salesgirl felt confused to see Peter again.
30. What is the main theme of the story?
A. It’s important to keep a promise.
B. It’s great to share in other people’s happiness.
C. We should be grateful for the help from others.
D. Something rare is worth a large amount of money.
【解析】
试题分析：本文叙述了Peter在听从了一位女销售员的建议，买了一个旧的游戏盒子，并到网上拍卖。结果他挣了1000美元。为了感激这位女销售员，他给了她300美元做为回报。
26. A细节理解题。根据“I can’t imagine there being very many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years later.”可知这个游戏盒子大约在40年前制造的。故选A。
27. B推理判断题。根据the salesgirl said,“Oh, look, the game box hasn’t even been opened yet. That might be worth some money.”可知这个女销售员认为这个游戏盒子没有打开过，可能值钱，有价值。故选B。
28. B推理判断题。根据The search result was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game…..He also found some lists of game fans looking for various versions of the game.可知Peter是从网上得知这个游戏爱好者的名字。故选B。
29. A 细节理解题。根据Peter said,“ I sold the game and made $1000.Thank you for your suggestion,”He handed her three $100 bills.可知Bill感谢这位女销售员的建议，给了她300美元作为回报。故选A。
30. C推理判断题。全文围绕着Peter听了女销售员的建议，买了这个游戏盒，赚了钱，为了表示感谢，他给了这位女销售员300美元作为回报。故推断这个故事的主题是我们应该感激别人的帮助。故选C。
【考点定位】故事类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文考查学生的细节理解能力和推理判断能力。考生需认真阅读短文，仔细审题，主要的是要理解全文的中心思想，让人们懂得学会感激别人的帮助。第30题，需要学生通过阅读全文，概括总结出，作者的意图。
4.【2015·陕西】B
When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life, she did what comes naturally. The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and, being a city animal, lost both her sheep and her sense of direction. Then she ran along the edge of cliff( 悬崖) and fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock into the sea.
Her owner Mike Holden panicked and celled the coastguard of Cornwall, who turned up in seconds . Six volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90-minute search.
Three days later, a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall. Mr. Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead. He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country.
For the next two weeks, the Holdens were heartbroken . Then, one day, the phone rang and Steve Tregear, the coastguard of Cornwall, asked Holder if he would like his dog bark.
A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. While he sounded the alarm, a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.
The dog had initially been knocked unconscious(失去知觉的)but had survived by drinking water from a fresh scream at the base of the cliff. She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge. “The dog was very thin and hungry,” Steve Tregear said , “It was a very dog. She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water,” he added.
It was ,as Mr. Holden admitted, “a minor miracle(奇迹)”.
50. The dog Jody fell down the cliff when she was
A. rescuing her owner B. caught in a hurricane
C. blocked by a rock D. running after a sheep
51. Who spotted Judy after the accident?
A. A birdwatcher B. A student from Leeds
C. Six volunteers D. The coastguard of Cornwall
52. What can we infer from the text?
A. People like to travel with their pets.
B. Judy was taken to the fields for hunting.
C. Luck plays a vital role in Judy's survival.
D. Holden cared little where Judy was buried.
53. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Miracle of the Coastguard. B. Surviving a Hurricane.
C. Dangers in the Wild D. Coming Back from the Dead.
【解析】
试题分析：文章介绍是叫Judy的狗在追赶一只羊的时候，从悬崖上掉下来。主人努力寻找几个小时无果，以为它已经死去就放弃了，结果几天后，意外得到消息，狗还活着。真是很幸运的事情。
50.细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子：The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields…,Then she ran along the edge of a cliff(悬崖) and fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock into the sea.可知叫Judy的狗在追赶一只羊的时候，从悬崖上掉下来。故选D。
51.细节理解题。根据文章第五段的句子：A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. 可知事故后是一个观鸟者看见了Judy，故选A。
52.细节理解题。根据文章第六段的句子：It was a very lucky dog. She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water.可知在Judy的事故中运气起着至关重要的作用。故选C。
53.主旨大意题。根据文章的内容可知介绍一只狗掉到悬崖下面死里逃生的经历，所以用Coming Back from the Dead比较合适。故选D。学优高考网
【考点定位】故事类阅读理解
【名师点睛】这是一篇故事类阅读理解。这种题材内容易懂而且有趣味性，是考生擅长的，这篇文章篇幅不长，难易度适中，考查细节题为主。通读全文后，可以带着问题到文章中找出信息句，分析信息句和题干，选项之间的关联，答案不难找出。
5.【2015·四川】B
Nothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability for a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country, just enough to grow food for the family. He planted vegetables, fruit trees and even kept bees for honey.
And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料). The Smell really burned the inside of your nose. When we complained about the terrible smell, Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops, and he was right. For example, just one of his cantaloupes filled the entire house with its sweet smell, and the taste was even sweeter.
As the vegetables started coming in, Dad threw himself into cooking. One day, armed with a basket of vegetables, he announced he was going to make stew(炖菜).Dad pulled out a pressure cooker and filled it up with cabbages, eggplants, potatoes, corns, onions and carrots. For about half an hour. the pressure built and the vegetables cooked. Finally, Dad turned off the stove, the pot began to cool and the pressure relief valve sprayed out a cloud of steam. If we thought Dad's pile of chicken manure was bad, this was 10 times worse. When Dad took off the lid, the smell nearly knocked us out.
Dad carried the pot out and we opened doors and windows to air out the house. Just how bad was it? The neighbors came out of their houses to see if we had a gas leak!
Determined, Dad filled our plates with steaming stew and passed them around. It didn’t look that ba
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