小学英语阅读理解详细讲解与练习.doc

教学内容小学英语阅读试题的技巧与方法一、阅读信息文中找。 小学阶段的阅读试题答案，基本都能在所给的阅读文中找到所需信息。学生只需带着问题或关键词以寻读的方式，快速在文章中寻找所需信息，切记不可任凭自己的想象，随心所欲的回答。如本班有位同学在做一道阅读填空：Tim and his friend in the sea.没有通过寻找关键词，在文章中寻找的方式，而是根据自己的猜测写出play.二、寻找信息的顺序性。一篇阅读文章之后的若干试题，通常依据自上而下的顺序出题。（当然也有个别例外）第一道题所需信息通常在文中的首段，学生只需在文章的第一部分寻找，第二题的信息，则无需从文章的开始浏览，只要从第一个信息之后寻读即可，后面的题依次往下寻找。最后一道题的信息，基本在文章的末段。了解了寻找信息的顺序性，学生无需花费较多的时间一遍又一遍通读全文，增加信息量，干扰阅读理解，影响做题速度。三、如何快速寻找所需信息 在那到一篇阅读试题时，大部分学生首先会不自觉地通读全文，甚至因思考文中的生词而花费较多的时间，然后再回到试题时，头脑中关于文章的信息已所剩无几。正确的方法是，首先仔细阅读试题，圈出试题中的关键词。如何识别关键词，需要老师在平时的阅读教学中指导、判断。比如：am, is, are , do, did, can, to, of 等虚词通常不可能是关键词，而名词、动词、副词通常为关键词。填空试题：We kites and butterflies in spring. 在看到这道题时，首先引导学生猜测并分析关键词，有同学找出kites， butterflies， spring三个关键词。到底哪个能够更好地帮助我们快速找到所需信息呢？比较这三个单词，单词 kites， butterflies之前是所缺信息，一般不可能是首选单词，这时可以快速浏览后面的试题，会发现第二题有单词summer，第三题有单词autumn，第四题有单词winter，这几个单词帮助我们确定spring是第一关键词，而且后面三道题的第一关键词依次是summer，autumn and winter.根据此信息，仔细阅读每段的首句，快速确定与spring有关的段落，其他段落不必阅读。那么，学生会很快找到文章的第二段与spring有关。然后再根据第二关键词kites， butterflies寻找所需信息，带着这两个关键词，在文章的第二段中，找出含有此单词的句子，并做下划线注释，We can fly kites, We can catch butterflies . 缩小寻找范围之后，再判断那个是所需单词，由于kites之前有 can fly 两个单词，到底哪一个才是正确的答案呢？这时我们可以判断那个单词离kites最近，最终确定单词fly 。然后试读句子：We fly kites.省略单词can，不影响正确表达，仍然通顺。对于阅读文中的问答题，方法基本相同。首先找出问题中的关键词，然后带着关键词在文章中寻找答案。试题Where are Tim and his friends?通常疑问词都是关键词，通过疑问词Where，知道所需信息是地点，同时根据另一关键词Tim, friends,能过快速在文中找到：Tim and his friends are at the beach. At the beach 是地点单词，即我们所需的信息。四、判断正误。 对于阅读试题中的判断正误题，相对比较简单，但学生的出错率仍然较大，究其原因，学生不懂判断的方法，通常是读完试题之后，凭着自己对阅读文章的大致印象判断。事实上判断试题与选择、填空的做题方法基本一致，仍需找出试题中的关键词，带着关键词，在文中寻找所需信息，然后仔细判断是否与文中信息一致，如一致则正确，反之错误。试题：Mary is sick, Mother takes her to the doctor. 首先在试题中寻找关键词：Mary，sick, Mother，doctor.带着这些关键词，在文章中寻找。由于这是阅读文章的第一个试题，所以我们将答案定位于文章的首段，文中：Mother says: “Mary, Lets go to the doctor for a check.” “Doctor?” says Mary, “Im not sick, Why do I need to see the doctor?”此题与文中not sick信息不一致，所以不正确。最后一题：The doctor gives Mary a shot, It does not hurt at all.由于是最后一题，信息基本在文章的末断，我们只需将信息定位于文章的末断或上一试题信息之后，同样带着关键词shot寻找。文中 Mary takes a shot, It does not hurt much.试题中：not hurt at all与 not hurt much不相符，所以错误。阅读理解1：选择正确的答案，把编号写在前面的括号里There are seven days in a week . They are Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday . Sunday is the first day of the week . In Sunday , I am playing cards with my friends . Monday is the second . We are walking to school . Tuesday is the third . I often do my homework . Wednesday is the fourth . We are flying kites in the park . Thursday is the fifth . We do my math . Friday is the sixth . We are working hard at school . Saturday is the seventh . We are having fun together . ( )1、There are days in a week . A、six B、 five C、seven ( )2、What is the first day of a week ? .A、Monday B、Saturday C、Sunday ( ) 3、What am I doing in Tuesday ? .A、do my homework . B、fly kites . C、do my math . ( )4、The fifth day of a week is .A、Friday B、Thursday C、Wednesday ( )5、In Saturday , we are . A、doing my homework B、flying kites C、having fun together阅读理解2：判断下列句子意思与短文是否相符，用“T”或“F”表示My FamilyI have a happy family. My father is a police officer. He is tall. He likes to play basketball and checkers. My mother is a teacher. She likes to watch TV and read books. I am a student. I am a boy. I like to play on the computer. I am shorter than my father and my mother. We like to eat noodles. We like to go for a walk after supper. We are a happy family. ( ) 26. My father is a police officer. ( ) 27. My father is short. ( ) 28.My father likes to play football and checkers. ( ) 29.My mother is a teacher. ( ) 30.My mother likes to watch TV and read books. ( )31.I am a student. I am a girl. ( )32.I like to play on the computer. ( ) 33.I am taller than my mother. ( ) 34.We like to eat soup. ( ) 35.We are a happy family.阅读理解3：选择正确的答案，把编号写在前面的括号里。It is a sunny day this Sunday. I usually go shopping with my mother on Sunday. Sometimes I climb mountains. Thats fun. But not this Sunday. Because the weather report says its going to rain next Sunday. I cant climb mountains in the rain. I cant go shopping either. So I want to read books at home. ( ) 1 What is the weather like this Sunday? A .It is Sunday. B .It is fine. C .It is rainy. ( ) 2 What do you do on Sunday? A .I climb hills. B .I go hiking. C .I read books. ( ) 3 Can you climb mountains this Sunday? A .Yes, I can. B .No, I cant. C .No, Im not. ( ) 4 Do you go shopping on Sunday? A .Yes, I am. B .Yes, I do. C .No, Im not. ( ) 5 What do you want to do next Sunday? A I want to read books. B I want to watch TV. C I want to go shopping.阅读理解4：根据短文内容选择合适的答案，将编号填在括号里： Last holiday, I took a big trip with my aunt. We went to Australia by plane. It was in August. We left Beijing on Aug 3rd. It was winter in Australia. But in Beijing, it was summer. I like there, because I like playing with snow. I went ice-skating there and took many pictures. I bought many presents for my friends, too. I was excited , but I was tired, too. I should relax to go back to school. ( )1. Whom did I go on a big trip with? A. My parents. B. My aunt. ( )2. When was my last trip? A. It was in summer. B. It was in winter. ( )3. What did I do in Australia? A. I went ice-skating and bought presents. B. I played football and ate good food. ( )4. How did I go there? A. I went by subway. B. I went by plane. ( )5. How did I feel in the end ? A.I was excited, but so tired. B.I was so bored.阅读理解5：判断下列句子是否符合短文意思,如符合请打,否则打.Today is February 3rd. The weather is windy and cold. I get many cards today. Theyre birthday cards. Theyre from my friends. Can you guess why? I wear my new red coat and blue jeans. Theyre very pretty. My mother take me to the zoo.I can see many animals. Im very happy today. ( ) 1.My birthday is February 3rd. ( ) 2.Its windy and snowy today. ( ) 3.I can see many trees at the zoo. ( ) 4.I have a new coat. Its blue. ( ) 5.I have many birthday cards.阅读理解6：判断下列句子意思与短文意思是否相符，用“T”或“F”表示。 Zoom and Zip are good friends. They are planning a trip(旅游). Zip is going to sunny Australia(澳大利亚)! Its so warm there. He can swim all day. He has a new bathing suit(游泳衣) and sunglasses(太阳镜). But Zoom doesnt like swimming. He likes skating. So he is going to Canada, Its winter there now. He can skate all day. He has winter coats(冬衣) and some new ice skates(滑冰鞋). ( )1.The season in Australia and Canada is the same. ( )2.Zoom and Zip are going to Canada. ( )3. Zoom likes swimming. ( )4.Zip has a new bathing suit and sunglasses. ( )5.Zoom can swim all day in Canada. ( )6.Its warm in Australia. ( )7.Zoom can skate all day in Canada.阅读理解7：判断短文后面的句子是否正确。 Amy: What day is it today?Tom: Its Monday. HmmI like Monday.Amy: What do you have today?Tom: We have math, science and art. What about you?Amy: We have English and P.E. What do you have tomorrow?Tom: We have art and P.E. tomorrow.Amy: Oh, great. ( ) 1. Tom has math, science and art on Monday. ( ) 2. Tom has art and P.E. on Monday. ( ) 3. Amy has English and P.E. today. ( ) 4. Tomorrow is Tuesday. ( ) 5. Tom doesnt like Mondays. 阅读理解8：根据短文内容，判断正误。对的在括号内填“ T ”, 错的填“ F ”. Jim is an English boy. He comes to China with his father and mother. They come here to work. Jim comes here to study. He is in No.5 Middle School. He gets up early every day. He isnt late for school. He studies hard. He can read English well. He often helps us with our English, and we often help him with his Chinese. After class he likes playing football, swimming, running, jumping and riding. He makes many friends here. We are glad to stay with him. On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house, mend something or do the shopping. He likes Chinese food very much.。He likes living here. He likes Chinese students very much. We all like him, too.( )1. He gets up late every day. ( )2. He often teaches us English. ( )3. After class , he likes singing and playing basketball. ( )4. On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house. ( )5. He doesnt like Chinese food.阅读理解9：判断下列句子的正误，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。Liu Tao: Hi, Mike. Nice to see you. Mike: Nice to see you, too. Liu Tao. Liu Tao: What day is it today? Mike: Its Thursday. What lessons do you have in this morning? Liu Tao: We have Maths, Chinese, Art, and Science. Mike: Oh, I like PE very much. But we dont have PE today. Liu Tao: We have PE and Computer Studies this afternoon. Mike: Great! Do you like PE? Liu Tao: No, I dont. I like English very much. Tomorrow we will have an English lesson in the morning. Mike: Its time for class. Lets go! ( )1. Liu Tao has PE in the afternoon. ( )2. Liu Tao has six lessons today. ( )3. Liu Tao doesnt like English. ( )4. Liu Tao will have English lesson on Friday morning. 阅读理解10： 阅读短文，回答问题。 Four Good FriendsMary, Nancy, Ron and Kate are good friends. Marys favorite number is 3 and her favorite country is France. 16 is Nancys number, and America is her favorite country. Ron likes Japan very much. 30 is his favorite number. Whose favorite number is 60? Oh, it is Kate. Kates father works in Chinese food very much and they also like Chinese people. Kates lucky number is 6. All of them hope that one day they can travel the world together. 1. Whats Marys favorite number? _.2. Whats Nancys favorite country?_.3. Whats Kates fathers job? _.4. Does Kate like Chinese food? _.阅读理解11:阅读下面短文，根据问题回答问题。Look!This is a picture of Mr.Brownt family. The man in a biack coat is Mr.Brown.The woman near him is Mrs.Brown,The little girl in a red coat is Sue. The tall boy behind her is Jim,her brother.The family is now in China.Tomorrow is Childrens Day.MR brown wants to buy some presents for his children. Sue wants a new skirt,but Jim wants a new bike. How happy they are! 1.Whose picture is this? _. 2.Wheres the family now? _. 3.Who is the little girl in a red coat? _. 4.What presents do Mr Browns children want to buy? _.