初中英语状语从句详细讲解与练习精华版.ppt

Welcome to our class1状语从句1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.让步状语从句6.目的状语从句7.结果状语从句8.方式状语从句9.比较状语从句2 1.状语定义:合句中由从句担任状语，称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语、定语或状语，或是整个句子2.当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。分类如下：3时间地点条件让步原因目的结果比较方式状语从句4一.时间状语从句1.注意时态一致.一般情况下:主句 是将来时的时候,从句 用一般现在时1.表示同时性，即主从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。5引导词可分为两部分aswhilewhenwheneverbeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonaseverytimenexttimethefirst/timethemomenttheminute/instantlyimmediatelydirectly(一就)6as引导的时间状语从句,可以表达“正当”，“一边一边”，“随着”等意思。1.表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.2.表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。Justashewasspeakingtherewasaloudexplosion.3.表示两个动作同时发生。Helensangasongasshewashed.4.表示“随着.”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果。Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.1.as,while,when的区别7while:持续性动词 进行时1.一般或现在情况2.将来情况V一般现在时或现在进行时3.过去情况e.g.IlikelisteningtomusicwhileIamdoingmyhomework.e.g.Imgoingtothepostoffice.-Whileyouarethere,canyougetsomestampsforme?e.g.IhurtmyshouldwhileIwasdoinggym.8When:1.当的时候When I was young,I went to town myself.When he receives the letter,hell tell us.9before引导的时间状语从句1.常译为“在之前”，2.表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。1.Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.2.Itwillnotbelongbeforeyouregretforwhatyouvedone.after引导的时间状语从句1.常译为“在之后”，2.表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。1.Afteryouuseplasticbags,youmustntthrowthemabout.用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。10TheAmricanWarlastedfouryears_theNorthwonintheend.A.AfterB.beforeC.whenD.thenB11since引导的时间状语从句1.常译为“自从”，2.主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。1.我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。Wehaventseeneachothersinceweparted.常用句型：It has been(is)+时间段+since从句 “自从有多长时间了”2.自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。Ithasbeen(is)sixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.12before,after,since1.Hehadleftthetowntheday_shearrived.2.Itwasnotlong_helefthishometown.3.Iplayedfootball_I(had)finishedmyhomework4.PleasetellherIllcome_Idosomeshopping.5.Itwillnotbelong_wemeateachotheragain.6.It_(be)twoyearssincewe_(begin)tousethismachine.beforeafterbeforebeforeafteris/has beenbegan13until/till引导的时间状语从句1.常译为“直到时”，2.表示主句动作发生在从句之前。当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。1：我会待在这里，直到你回来。Ill stay here until you come back.当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句常用否定形式。notuntil“直到才”，这时until可用before替换。Hedidntgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.2.他直到做完作业才睡觉。141._heheardthis,hegotveryangry.2.ImetLucy_Iwaswalkingalongtheriver.3._achild,helivedinthecountryside.A.whenB.whileC.as对比训练 1ABC151.We were about to leave_ it began to rain.2.She thought I was talking about her son,_,in fact,I was talking about my son.3.Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang.A.when B.while C.as D.during对比训练 2 ABA16as soon as引导的时间状语从句1.译为“一就”，2.表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。1.他一回来我就告诉他这件事。Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashecomesback.2.相当于as soon as 用法的词或短语还有：immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant等.2.Ill give him your message the minute he arrives.1.Directly I had done it,I knew I had made a mistake.171.It cost me 20 yuan to get to the Quanzhou Museum yesterday.Well,it was a waste of money to take a taxi _ you could have gone by bus as well.(11泉州市质检）A.when B.while C.unless D.because2.You never really know whether you could handle failure _ you come face to face with it.(11厦门市质检）A.until B.after C.when D.while183Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break she got to her office（10四川）Asince Bthat Cwhen Duntil4.John thinks it wont be long he is ready。for his new job.（10陕西）A.when B.after C.before D.sinceA5.How can you expect to learn anything you never listen？(06山东31)A.in case B.even ifC.unless D.when196.She had just finished her homework_ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday(09福建33).A.when B.while C.after D.since7.You cant borrow books from the school library _ you get your student card.(09上海32)A.before B.if C.while D.as20需要注意的几点:1.在时间(或条件)状语从句中,要注意时态一致.一般情况下,“主将从现”Whenhereceivestheletter,helltellus.1.When_again?Whenhe_,Illletyouknow.(NMET88)A.hecomes;comesB.willhecomes;willcomeC.hecomes;willcomeD.willhecome;comes21 牛刀小试(时间状语从句)1._ he was on holiday he caught a bad cold.A.Since B.While C.As D.During2._ the day went on,the weather got worse.A.When B.Since C.While D.As3.She will write to you as soon as she _ to Paris.A.Will get B.gets C.get D.got 221.Marymadecoffee_herguestswerefinishingtheirmeal.A.SothatB.althoughC.whileD.asif2.Tomwasabouttoclosethewindow_hisattentionwascaughtbyabird.A.WhenB.ifC.andD.till3.Johnthinksitwontbelong_heisreadyforhisnewjob.A.WhenB.beforeC.afterD.sinceCAB235.Someone called me up in the middle of the night,but they hung up _ I could answer the phone.A.As B.since C.until D.before6.It was a long time _ we met again.A.Before B.since C.for D.when7.A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story.A.when B.unless C.until D.after 248.Dont stop _ you meet with a word you dont understand.A.at the time B.each time C.while D.During9.-did you remember to give Alice the money you owe her?-Yes,_ I saw her,I remember it.A.while B.the instant C.suddenly D.soon10._ a baby turtle is hatched,it must be able to feed for itself.No sooner than B.No soonerC.So soon that D.As soon as 25261.表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句 2.常用的连接词是：because,as,since,now that,for,和considering that,seeing that 这七个连词都用于表示表示原因,但在语气上一个比一个弱。e.g.Hedidntcometoschoolbecausehewasill.c.f.Hemightbeill,forhedidntcometoschool.表示“直接”原因。表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。27because,since,as,for的区别:1.because直接原因，非推断语气最强回答why的问题。2.since通常放句首译为“既然”3.as不谈自明的原因，语气最弱。4.for放句中，引导后半句表原因,或补充推断的理由。281.because:因为,2.As:“由于”,表示较为明显的原因,语气弱As you request it,I will come.3.Since:”既然”表示对方已经知道的事实或理由Since everybody is here,lets begin.4.now that：因为,既然已,现在已经Now that Ive seen how he lives,I know why he needs so much money.291.Idancedinfrontofthepeople_Ilikedit.2.Youdbetterwearstrongshoes_welldoalotofwalking.3._hewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouthim.4._everybodyknowaboutit,Idontwanttotalkanymore.5.Hemustbeill,_heisabsentToday.6.Somepeoplebelievethat_oilisrunningout,thefateofthemotorindustryisuncertain.becauseasAsSinceforsince30牛刀小试(原因状语从句)1.Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.A.because B.though C.unless D.if2._ we have finished the book we shall start doing some exercises.A.For now B.since that C.Now that D.Since now3.-Why didnt he attend the meeting?-_ he thought it was unimportant.A.Since B.As C.Because D.For4.Unlike watching TV,reading is a highly active process _it requires attention as well as memory and imagination.A.for B.until C.but D.unless 31321.表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),oncondition(只要),once(一旦),incase(假使),providing/provided(that)等。e.g.a.WellcomeovertoseeyouonSaturdayifwehavetime.b.Weshouldservethepeopleas/solongaswelive.33引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if,unless(=ifnot除非),so/aslongas（只要）,incase（万一）,onconditionthat（条件是）,suppose/supposing（假设，如果）,providedthat（如果）341.Wewillbeabletogetthereontime,_ourcardoesntbreakdownontheroad.A.assoonasB.asfarasC.aslongasD.aswellas2.Intimeofseriousaccidents,_weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless3._youhavetriedit,youcantimaginehowpleasantitis.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When351.Thelittleboywontgotosleep_hismothertellshimastory.A.OrB.unlessC.butD.whether2.Theschoolrulesstatethatnochildshallbeallowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday,_accompaniedbyanadult.A.OnceB.whenC.ifD.unless3.-Ourholidaycostalotofmoney.-Didit?Well,thatdoesntmatter_youenjoyedyourselves.A.AslongasB.unlessC.assoonasD.thoughBDA362024/4/17 周三3738让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。常用引导词：though,although,evenif,eventhough,nomatter+疑问词(what/who/where/when/which/how)疑问词-ever(whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever)特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)，whetheror,whether()ornot39一、although/though,evenif,eventhough引导让步状语从句,不能和but连用Heisunhappy,though/althoughhehasalotofmoney.Although/thoughitwasraininghard,yettheywentonplayingfootball.Evenif/thoughitisraining,wewillgothere.注意Though还可用作副词，意思为可是，然而，置于句末Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidnt,though.40though,although判断以下句子是否正确：Althoughheisrich,butheisnothappy.Althoughheisrich,yetheisnothappy.Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentsstilltreatusaschildren.要点归纳：though,although当“虽然”讲,都不能和but连用.但是他们都可以同yet(still)连用.everif,eventhoughevenif和eventhough表示“”即使Wellmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.41nomatter+疑问词疑问词-everNomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.替换：nomatterwhat=whatevernomatterwho=whoevernomatterwhen=whenevernomatterwhere=wherevernomatterwhich=whichevernomatterhow=however判断正误：Nomatterwhatyousayisofnousenow.Whateveryousayisofnousenow.归纳：nomatter+疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，而“疑问词+ever”则可以421._ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.A.While B.since C.Before D.Unless2.The workers are determined to go through with their railway project,_ the expenses have risen.A.as long as B.even though C.now that D.as though3.I really want the match,however much _.A.does it cost B.costs it C.will it cost D.it costs434._ we have finished the course,we shall start doing more revision work.A.For now B.Now that C.By now D.until5._,the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him.A.Wanting the job very much B.Although wanting the job badly C.Though he wanted the job very much D.He wanted the job badly441.Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,_theyaredifferentfromyourown.A.UntilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthough2.-Dad,Ivefinishedmyassignment.-Good,and_youplayorwatchTV,youmustntdisturbme.A.WheneverB.whetherC.whateverD.nomatterBB451._,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.HoweverlateisheB.HoweverheislateC.HoweverishelateD.howeverlateheis2.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnightssleep_muchworkyouhavetodo.A.HoweverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whateverDA4647引导目的状语从句的连词:inorderthat用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。sothata.较常用，一般用于主句后,有时可分开，so有时可省;从句中要有情态动词,否则,就成为下一种句型：b.无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。forfearthat;incase;lest(以免)等。48e.g.a.Wellsitnearerthefrontsothatwecanhearbetter.b.IshallwriteitdownlestIshouldforget.注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用soastodo或inordertodoe.g.Heranfastso thathemightarrivetherebeforetenoclock.Heranfastso as to arrivetherebeforetenoclock.49so that:以便,目的是in order that:以便 for fear thatLest 以防,惟恐in caseinorderthat句首句中sothat句中目的状语从句中谓语动词要用should+do501.Takeyourumbrellaincaseitshouldrain.2.Theyworkedharderthanusualinorderthattheycouldfinishtheworkaheadoftime.3.IshallwritedownyourtelephonenumbersothatImaynotforgetit.51Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor_youlockyourselfoutoneday.A.EversinceB.evenifC.soonafterD.incaseHestartedearly_hecouldgettherebeforenine.A.InorderthatB.becauseC.soastoD.inordertoDA5253结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由so,sothat,suchthat;sothat等引导。a.SoquicklydidherunthatIcouldntcatchupwithhim.b.Thebusbrokedownso thatwehadtowalkhome.c.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.d.Hegottothestationfinally,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.54so that,such that1.so+形容词/副词+that从句 2.so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数that从句 3.such+a/an形容词+可数名词单数+that从句 4.such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that 5.so+many/much/few/little+名词+thatSuch+a lot of/lots of+名词+that从句551.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldntgotosleeplastnight.2.Itissuchaninterestingnovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.3.Itissointerestinganovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.当So或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序Sointerestingisitthatallofuswanttoreadit.563.Mike is _boy that we all like him.So good a B.a good soC.A such good D.such good a4.He has _ little education that he cant teach _ little children.so;such B.too;such C.a;so D.very;so571.Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety_ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.A.AsB.thatC.whichD.whereB5859比较状语从句常由下列词语引导：asas,notso/asas,morethan,lessthan,themore+adj./adv.,themore+adj./adv.a.Heisnotso/ashealthyashisbrother.b.Theyjumpedupanddownashardastheycould.c.JohnislesscleverthanPeter.d.Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.e.ThejobisnotsodifficultasIthoughtitwouldbe.f.Sendforadoctorassoonas(itis)possible.60 注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where和as为例，能引导多种从句。1.You are to find it where you left it.（地点状语从句）2.Tell me the address where he lives.（定语从句，句中有先行词）3.I dont know where he came from.（宾语从句）4.Where he has gone is not known yet.（主语从句）5.This place is where they once hid.（表语从句）61 部分状语从句可用省略形式：even if,if,once,while,though,unless,when,as if etc.1.The flower his friends gave him will die unless(it is)watered every day.2.Even if(I am)invited,I wont go there.3.Once(you are)caught sleeping in class,youll be punished by your head-teacher.4.Though(he was)surprised to see us,he gave us a warm welcome.5.She wont speak to anyone unless(she is)asked to.6.When(it is)compared with the old one,our new house is really like a palace.7.These young man volunteered to go wherever(they are)needed.62“as”用于不同的状语从句中1.She sang as she worked.2.Smart as he is,he doesnt study hard.3.You must try to do as I did.4.She doesnt do her work as carefully as I.5.As she was late for class,she had to say sorry.631.Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.A.because B.so that C.even if D.as2.If things are left _ they are,the problems will never be settled,Im afraid.A.how B.as C.what D.where3.Careful surveys have pointed out that as many as 50 percent of the patients do not take drugs _ directed.A.like B.so C.which D.as4.I dare not go there _ my parents will see me.A.in case of B.for fear of C.in order that D.for fear that64同程度比较：As(so)as,thesameas,suchas表示倍数的三个句型：Aistimesas+形容词原级+asB.Aistimesthe+抽象名词ofB.Aistimes+形容词比较级+thanB.The+比较级,the+比较级,表示“越，越”Themoreyoutalked,thelessattentionhepaidtoyou.Thelongeryoustay,thebetteritwillbe.652.HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot_anativespeaker.AsfluentasB.morefluentthanC.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan3._booksyouread,_youwillfeel.Themany;thehappyB.themore;thehappierC.themost;thehappiestD.more;happierCB661.Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?（全国I卷）Idontmindwherewego_theressun,seaandbeach.A.asifB.aslongasC.nowthatD.inorderthat2.-Doyouhaveaminute?Ivegotsomethingtotellyou.-Ok,_youmakeitshort.（安徽卷）A.nowthatB.ifonlyC.solongasD.everytime673.Alltheneighboradmirethisfamily_theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.（安徽）A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that4.Nancyenjoyedherselfsomuch_shevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.（福建）A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where5._theInternetisofgreathelp.Idontthinkitsagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.（湖南）A.IfB.WhileC.BecauseD.As686.Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,_hiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.（山东卷）AthoughB.forC.butD.so7.Youdbetternotleavethemedicine_kidscangetatit.（山东卷）A.evenifB.whichC.whereD.sothat8._hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.（辽宁卷）A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.However9.Iusedtolovethatfilm_Iwasachild,butIdontfeelitthatwayanymore.（辽宁卷）A.onceB.whenC.sinceD.although6910.Asmallcarisbigenoughforafamilyofthree_youneedmorespaceforbaggage.(全国II)A.onceB.becauseC.ifD.unless11.Thereweresomechairsleftover_everyonehadsatdown.(四川卷)A.whenB.untilC.thatD.where12.Dontpromiseanything_youareonehundredpercentsure.（浙江卷）A.whetherB.afterC.howD.unless7013.DidyoureturnFredscall?（北京卷）Ididntneedto_Illseehimtomorrow.A.thoughB.unlessC.whenD.because14.Imsorryyouvebeenwaitingsolong,butitllstillbesometime_Briangetsback.（北京卷）A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after15.WellhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday_itrainsoritsverycold.（天津卷）A.sinceB.ifC.unlessD.until7116.-AreyoureadyforSpain？(上海卷)-Yes,Iwantthegirlstoexperiencethat_theyareyoung.A.whileB.untilC.ifD.before17._wellpreparedyouare,youstillneeda