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干那项工作之前,你至少也该先告诉我一声。
leave (left, left) v. 离开;出发;未拿,未带 e.g.It’s time for us to leave. 我们该走了。
I’ve left my gloves on the bus. 我把手套落在公车上了。
短语:1. leave A for B 离开A地去B地leave 为瞬间动词,若跟时间段需用 be away。
e.g. He left three days ago. 他是三天前走的。
He has been away for three days. 他走三天了。
2. leave behind 不带走、遗留 e.g.Don’t leave me behind. 带我一起走。
3.leave off 中断、停止 e.g.We leave off (work) at 5. 我们5点收工。
4. leave sb. alone 把某人单独留下
e.g.The little boy is often left alone at home. 那个男孩常被单独留在家。
5.leave for 出发去某地
left adj. & n.左边的;激进的 leg n.腿 lemonade n. 柠檬汁.
lend (lent, lent) v. 出租;借给 短语: lend sth. to sb.= lend sb.sth.
e.g.Could you please lend your pen to me?= Could you please lend me your pen?
近义词辨析:lend / borrow / keep
lend 是指说话人把东西借给别人用,常用lend sth. to sb. ;borrow 指说话人
向别人借东西供自己用,常用borrow sth. from sb.; 而keep 表示借用多久。
e.g.How long will you keep the book? 这本书你将借多久?
less adj.更小的;较小的 lesson n. 课;课时
let (let, let) v. 允许;让;
短语:1.let sb. down 使… 失望或沮丧 2. let…in 让……进来,放进
近义词辨析:let’s / let us
let’s 是 let us 的缩写,包括听话人在内,往往用来邀请、建议对方一起做某事,附加问句往往使用shall we.
e.g.Let’s go home right now, shall we? 咱们现在就回家,好吗?
Let us 往往用来请求听话人许可自己做某事,不包括听话人在内,附加问句往往使用will you. e.g.Let us go home, will you? 让我们回家吧,好吗?
letter n.字母;书信
level n.水平线;水平面; (这一水平的学生在语法上会有很多问题。)
e.g. Students at this level tend to have a lot of problems with grammar.
librarian n.图书管理人员 library n.藏书;图书馆 license n.(=licence) 执照,许可证
lie n. & v. (lied,lied) (lying) 说谎 e.g. He’s lying. 他在说谎。 短语:lie to sb. about sth.
v. (lay,lain) (lying) 躺,平卧 e.g.Don’t lie in bed all morning. 别一上午都躺在床上。
短语: lie down 躺一会,躺下
近义词辨析:lie / lay
lie 表示“说谎” e.g. He lied about his age to join the army. 他为了参军谎报了年龄。
lay (laid,laid) (laying) 表示“放在某个面上”
e.g. She laid her dress on the bed to keep it neat. 她把连衣裙放在床上以保持平整。
n. 谎言 短语:1.be full of lies 一派胡言 2.tell a lie 说谎
life [U].生命 短语:the origins of life on earth 地球上生命的起源
[U] 生物,活物 e.g.Is there life on Mars? 火星上有生物吗?
[U] 生活 e.g.He doesn’t want much from life. 他对生活所求不多。
[C] 性命 (lives) e.g.Three lives were lost in the accident. 事故中有三人丧生。
[C] 一生,终身,终生 e.g.She lived her whole life in the country. 她在农村度过一生。
lift v. 举起;提高
n. 电梯 短语:1.take the lift 搭电梯 2.give sb. a lift 搭顺风车
light adj.& n &.v. 轻便的;自然光,光亮; 点燃,照亮 (lighted/lit; lighted/lit)
短语:light bulb 电灯泡 lighting n. 光线
like v. 喜欢;喜爱;
句型:1. How do you like/find…?你觉得……怎么样?
e.g.How do you like going shopping with us?你觉得和我们一起去买东西怎么样?
2. look like 看起来像。 e.g.It looks like snowing. 看起来像是在下雪。
line n.线;线条 lion n.狮子;狮子座;勇猛的人
list n. 名单;目录 listen v. 听;倾听 短语:listen to 听
little adj. 小的;少的;n. 少许,一会儿,adv. 很少
litter v. & n.废物;垃圾
live v. 活着;居住 短语:live on .靠吃……生存。e.g.Sheep live on grass.羊以草为生。
lively adj. 活跃的;生动的 local adj. 当地的,地方的
lock n. & v. 锁;船闸 London n.伦敦
lonely adj.孤独的;寂寞的 long adj.长的;久的
look v. .看望;打量;
短语 : 1. look after 照看,照顾。
e.g. My friend looked after my cat while I was on holiday.
在我去度假的时候,我的朋友照料我的猫。
2. look at 看。 e.g. May I have a look at it please? 请让我看一看好吗?
3. look for 寻找。e.g. Mother is looking for her gloves. 母亲在找她的手套。
4.look up 查(字典),查找。(阅读时,不要老是查字典。)
e.g. While reading, do not look up the new words in the dictionary all the time.
5.look back on 回顾
e.g.She always looks back on his childhood. 她总是回顾童年。
6. look down on sb / sth. 鄙视,看不起 (她瞧不起没上过大学的人。)
e.g.She looks down on people who’ve never been to university.
7.look forward to sth. / doing sth. 期待
e.g.We’re so much looking forward to seeing you again. 我们非常盼望再见到你。
8.look into 调查,观察
e.g. A working party has been set up to look into the problem. 已成立工作组调查该问题。
9. look out 留心 e.g.Look out for pickpockets. 小心扒手。
10. look over 检查 e.g.We must look over the house before we decide to rent it.
我们必须先察看一下这所房子再决定租不租。
11.look round 参观、游览 e.g. Shall we look round the cathedral this afternoon?
我们今天下午参观大教堂好吗?
12. look through 仔细检查〔审查〕(某物); 粗略地翻阅,细审…
e.g. She looked through her notes before the exam. 考前她匆匆看了一眼笔记。
13. look like 像… 的样子 e.g. It looks like salt and it is salt. 看着像盐也的确是盐。
14. look ahead 向前看,展望未来
lookout n. 守望,远景
lose (lost, lost) v. 丧失;丢失
短语:1. lose one’s life 丧生 e.g.He lost his life in an accident. 他在车祸中丧生。
2. lose touch with sb./ sth. 失去联系 e.g.I’ve lost my touch with all my old friends.
我和所有的老朋友都失去了联系。
3. lose one’s way 迷路 e.g.We lost our way in the dark. 我们在黑暗中迷路了。
4. lose oneself in sth. 专心致志于某事 e.g.I soon lost myself in the film. 电影很快吸引了我。
5. lose heart 泄气,丧失信心
e.g. Don’t lose your heart, you’re the best! 别泄气,你是最棒的!
lot n. 大量;很多
loud adj. & adv. 大声的;喧闹的
e.g. loud voices,screams,laughs 洪亮的嗓音、喊声、笑声
Speak louder, I can’t hear you. 大点声说,我听不见。
近义词辨析:loud / loudly / aloud
loud 指说话声、笑声等; loudly 强调声音高,喧闹,不悦耳;
aloud 只是为人听见而发音。
e.g. Someone knocked loudly at the door. 有人大声敲门。
He called aloud for help. 他高声喊叫求救。
love v. & n.爱;喜爱 lovely adj. 美丽的;可爱的
low adj. & adv. 低的;矮的 luck n.运气;造化
luckily adv. 交好运地;幸运地 lucky adj. 交好运的;幸运的
lunch n. 午餐 lyric n. (常用复数形式)歌词,抒情词句
M
machine n. 机器;机械
mad adj. 神经错乱的;疯狂的
短语:1. go mad with sth. 因某事而发狂。
e.g. Hearing the good news, he almost went mad with joy. 听到那个好消息,他欣喜若狂。
2. be mad about 对……入迷。 (绝大多数青年学生对流行音乐着迷。)
e.g. Most of the young students are mad about pop music.
3. be mad at 对……恼火。
e.g.The manager was mad at his speech. 经理对他所说的话很恼火。
madam/madame n. 夫人;女士 magazine n. 杂志;期刊
magic adj. & n. 魔法;巫术 mail n.邮件;邮包
main adj. 主要的;首要的 mainly adv. 主要地,首要地
make (made, made) v. 创造;做
近义词辨析: make / produce / do / let
1.make, produce, 作“生产、制造”讲时,二者可以互换。
e.g. They produce cars in the factory.(They make cars in the factory) 这家工厂生产轿车。
2. make 与do 二者表示不同的“做”,通常说做一个动作,用do来表示,而做一种以前并不存在的东西,则用make
e.g. --What are you doing? 你在做什么? --I’m cooking. 我在做饭。
3. make与let “让……”的意思。Let一词含有提出建议的意思,而make一词
则带有强制性,命令的意味。
e.g.Mum let me stay at home last night.昨晚妈妈让我呆在家里。
短语:1. make (good)use of 好好利用
e.g. We should make good use of the knowledge we have. 我们应该充分利用我们的知识。
2. make a contribution to 贡献给,捐赠 3.make a decision 做出决定
4.make a mistake 犯错误 5.make a telephone call (to )(给……)打电话
6. make a face 做鬼脸 7. make friends 交朋友
8. make sure 确保,确认 9. make up 组成,占。
e.g.Are all animal bodies made up of cells? 所有动物的身体都是细胞组成的吗?
10.make up for 祢补,补偿。
e.g.Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence. 勤能补拙。
11.make up one’s mind 下决心。e.g.We make up our mind to study hard. 我们决心好好学习。
12. be made of 由……组成。(看得出原料)
e.g.My table is made of wood. 我的桌子是木头制成的。
13. be made from由……组成。(看不出原料)
e.g.Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。
14. make noise 发出令人不愉快的声音
15.make one’s living 谋生 e.g.He makes his living by giving piano lessons. 他教授钢琴谋生。
man (pl. men) n. 人;成年男子 manage v. 组织;管理
manager n.经理;经纪人 manatee n. 海牛
mangrove n. 红树,红树林
manner n. 礼貌,风格,习惯
注意:作“礼貌,风格,习惯”解时,通常用复数:good/ bad manners 有/没有礼貌。
e.g. It’s bad manners to laugh at people. 嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。
作“方式、方法”及“态度”解时,常用单数;表示方式或方法时,用介词in。
e.g. I don’t like his manner. 我不喜欢她的态度。
He objected in a forceful manner. 他表示坚决反对。
many ( more, most) pron. & adj. 许多;大量的;
短语:1. a great/good many 非常多的,很多的。
e.g.A great many people took part in the match.许多人参加了比赛。
2.many a 许多(与单数名词连用,谓语动词也用单数)。
e.g.Many a man was killed in the traffic accident. 许多人死于车祸。
map n. 地图;路线图 March n.三月 mark n. & v.痕迹;污点;记号
market n.市场;集市; 短语:1. the money market 金融市场 2. the stock market 证券市场
marriage n.结婚;婚姻
marry v.结婚;嫁娶
短语:1.marry sb. 和某人结婚 e.g.John is going to marry Jane. 约翰将要和简结婚。
2. be/get married 结婚 e.g.They got married last month. 他们上个月结婚了。
3. be/get married to 跟某人结婚 e.g.He is going to get married to her. 他要和她结婚。
Mars n. 火星
master n. 主人;户主;v. 掌握 match v. & n. 与…匹配;竞赛;比赛
material n. 材料,物质,原料
e.g. We use high-quality raw material for our goods. 我们的产品是用优质原料制造的。
I have enough material to make two dresses. 我有够做两件连衣裙的料子。
maths n. 数学
matter n.物质;材料;麻烦,毛病
短语: 1. no matter 不论,不管 2. as a matter of fact 事实上,其实。
e.g. As a matter of fact, he didn’t care about death and life.
事实上,他根本没考虑生死问题。
may modal v. 表示;可能 May n.五月
maybe adv. 或许;大概 me pron. 我
meal n. 餐;饭食 mean (meant, meant) v. 意欲;打算
meaning n. 意思;含义 meat n. 肉;实质
medical adj. 医学的;内科的 短语: medical research 医学研究
medicine n.医学;药 短语: take the medicine 吃药
meet (met, met) v.碰见;相逢 meeting n. 聚会;相会
melon n.瓜;甜瓜 member n. 成员;会员
memorize v. 记忆,背诵 e.g.She can memorize facts quickly. 她能很快记住许多资料。
memory n. 记忆力;记性;
mend v.修补;修理; 近义词辨析:mend / repair
repair 多用于建筑、机器、车辆等。
mend 则一般用于衣服、鞋袜等小东西,偶尔也用于道路、门窗等。
e.g. My watch doesn’t work. Can you repair it for me? 我的手表不转了,你能帮我修修吗?
Please mend the road as quickly as possible. 请尽快把路修好。
mention n. & v 提及;说到
message n. 消息;音信
e.g.There is no message from him till now.直到现在还没有他的消息。
短语: 1. leave a message 留个口信。 2. send a message 发信息 3. get the message 明白,理解
metal n. & adj.金属;钢轨 method n. 方法;条理 metre n. 米;公尺
microwave n. & adj. 微波(的) 短语:microwave oven 微波炉
middle adj. & n. 中间的;中等的;中间、中央
近义词辨析:middle / center
middle “中间”,“中部”多指面;可适用于空间与时间。
e.g. In the middle of the park there is a spring. 在公园的中部有一眼泉水(不一定正中心)。
center “中心”多指点;只用于空间概念。
e.g. At the center of the park there is a spring 在公园的中心处有一眼泉水。
might v. & aux.许可 ;本该 mile n. 英里; milk n.奶;乳汁
million n. 百万 短语:millions of 数以百万计的
mind v. & n. 介意;意思;感情;
短语:1. change one’s mind 改变主意。
e.g. Why did he change his mind?Do you know? 他为什么改变了主意?你知道吗?
2. make up one’s mind 下决心。 3. mind + doing 用来客气地提出请求.
4. mind + sb’s + doing 用来提出询问征求对方意见。
5. come to one’s mind 出现于某人的脑海中,想起,记起。
e.g. Seeing the photo,the wonderful time they spent together came to his mind.
看到相片,他便想起了他们一起度过的好时光。
6. never mind 不要紧,没关系。 7.keep one’s mind on sth. 继续专心于某事
8. Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见,心不烦。
句式:Would you mind doing …? 做…你介意吗?
其否定形式为:Would you mind not doing sth?
Of course not./ Certainly not. / I’m sorry, but…
minepron., n. & v. 我的;矿井,矿石;采掘,采矿 minute n.分
mirror n. 镜子; 短语:look at oneself in the mirror 照镜子。
e.g. She looked at herself in the mirror again and again, she found she was old.
她一遍又一遍的照镜子,她发现自己老了。
Miss n.女士;小姐 miss v. 未达到,未碰见;思念,想念
mistake (mistook,mistaken) v. & n. 过失;误解;
短语:1. make a mistake 犯错误 2. there is no mistake 毫无疑问
e.g. There is no mistake that he has got the key. 毫无疑问他已经找到了钥匙。
3. by mistake 搞错,弄错 e.g.He took my schoolbag by mistake.他拿错了我的书包。
4.mistake A for B 把A误认为是B
model n. 模型;雏形 modern adj.近代的;现代的
mom (mum) n. 妈妈 moment n. 片刻;瞬间
Monday n. 星期一
money n. 金钱;货币;金额;
短语:1. make money 挣钱。e.g.He is good at making money.他很会挣钱。
2. save money 省钱。 (莉莉开始省钱了,因为她想买房子。)
e.g. Lily began to save money because she wants to buy a new house.
3. pocket money 零用钱。
e.g. Our monitor always has much pocket money. 我们班长总是有很多零花钱。
monitor n.监察人;班长 monkey n. 猴;淘气鬼
month n. 月 moon n. 月球;月亮
more adj., adv. & n. 更大的;大多数的;
短语: 1. more than 多于…… e.g.More than one person has helped him. 不止一人帮助过他。
2. no more (= not… any more) 不再 e.g.Time lost will no more return. 时间一去不复返。
3.no more than 不过,仅仅。
e.g.He had no more than one yuan with him. What could he buy his wife for her
birthday? 他身上只有一元钱,他能给他妻子买点什么生日礼物呢?
4.not more than 不超过;
e.g. He worked hard on and on,but the boss paid him not more than ten yuan a day.
他不停地卖力工作,但老板每天至多付他十元钱。
5.more and more 越来越……
6.more or less 或多或少 (你所做的一切或多或少将对我们有帮助。)
e.g.What you have done will more or less be helpful to us.
7. the more…the more…越……越……
e.g.The more we pay, the more we gain. 付出的越多,得到的越多。
morning n. 早晨;上午
most adj. 最大的;大多数的; 短语:at (the) most 至多, 不超过。
mother n.母亲;妈妈 motorcycle n. 摩托车;
mountain n. 山岳;山 mouse n. (pl. mice) 鼠;懦夫 mouth n. 嘴;口
move v. 搬家;移动;使某人感动
e.g. The Blacks moved to Shanghai last month.上个月布莱克一家搬到了上海。
The story of their sufferings moved us deeply. 他们的苦难深深地打动了我们。
movement n. 移动;活动 movie n.电影;影片
Mr. (mister) n. 先生 Mrs. (mistress) n. 夫人;太太 Ms n. 女士
much adj. 多的;大量的 短语:1. too much 相当多(后面接不可数名词)
e.g.There is too much snow in Harbin in winter.在哈尔滨,冬天雪非常多。
2.much too 实在,太(后接形容词、副词)。
e.g. They are much too busy. Let’s go and help them. 他们实在太忙了,我们去帮助他们吧。
3.how much 多少。
e.g.How much milk does the little boy have a day? 这个小孩一天喝多少牛奶?
murder v. 谋杀;凶杀 museum n博物馆;博物院
music n.音乐;音乐作品 must modal v. 必须;必要
my pron. 我的 myself pron.我自己的
mysterious adj. 神秘的,不可思议的 mystery n. 神秘的事物,迷
N
neck n.颈项;脖子: 短语:neck and neck (在赛马,竞争或斗争中)双方势均力敌
need v. 需要; 必须 aux.v. 必须 n. 需要, 需求
短语:1. need do sth 需要做某事 (是情态动词)
eg. You look well, I think you needn’t see a doctoe. 你看起来不舒服,我认为你应该去看医生。
2 need to do sth 需要做某事 (是实意动词)
eg. We need to help the poor students go to college 我们应该帮助穷苦的学生念大学。
3 need doing sth 需要做某事(是实意动词,在这个句型中有被动的含义,且主语通常是物) eg.The flowers need watering / to be watered.花需要浇水了。
4 A friend in need is a friend indeed.
neither adj. 两者均不; 短语:1.neither…nor…在neither…nor 结构中谓语动词遵循就近原则。
即:谓语的单复数与最邻近的主语保持一致。
eg. Neither you nor your brother has given the right answer.
/ Neither your brother nor you have given the right answer. 不管你还是你弟弟都错了。
2 neither of …. 两者均不 eg.Neither of the twins is Chinese .双胞胎都不是中国人。
never adv. 从不;永不; 短语:never mind 别介意,没关系
next adj. adv. & n. 邻近的;隔壁的
短语:next to 挨着 eg. Peter sat next to me .比德挨着我坐。
no adv. & adj. 不;没有;
短语:1.no longer 不再. eg.I’m no longer a child.我已不再是一个孩子了。
2.no more than 不多于。 3. no more 不再
4. no sooner 刚…就… eg.No sooner said than done. 说了就做。 5.no way 不行,没门。
noise n噪音;声音;喧闹声. 短语:make noise 制造噪音
none pron. 没有人; 一个也没有; 一点儿也没有
近义词辨析:none / no one
no one 用于指人,不与of短语连用;none 用与指人或物,可与of短语连用,
eg. No one told us about that. 没人告诉我那件事。/None of them have arrived.他们中谁也没到。
north adj. adv. & n. 北的 ;北方的;北方;
短语:1.in the north 在……北部(内部):
eg. Shenyang is in the north of China .沈阳在中国的北方。
2. to the north 在……北方(不相接) eg. Japan is to the north of China.日本在中国的北面。
3.on the north 在……北方(相接) e.g.Jilin Province is on the north of Liaoning Province.
northern adj. 北部的;北方的
number n. 数;数码;
短语:1. a number of 许多 (许多学生都因为大雨而生病了.)
eg.A number of students are ill because of that heavy rain.
2. the
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