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2015第一轮复习
【普陀区】
1、 Common
·常识 common practice
·常见病 common diease=ordinary diease
·对某人是常见现象 be common to sb
·和某人有共同语言/共同之处 have sth in common with sb
2、 Include
包括某人/某物 including sb/sth=sb/sth included
·exclude 排斥；排除
3、 true
·的确 It’s true that+句子
·符合于；适合于 be true of=be true for
·对某人来说听起来是真实的 ring true
·真实的；逼真的 be true to life
·实话告诉你 to tell you the truth=to be honest=honestly speaking
·实现 come true=realize=carry out
4、 work
1）当work解释为“作品”时，是可数名词
*一件艺术品 a work of art
两件艺术品 two works of art
2）当works解释为“工厂”时，单复数形式相同=plant
一家工厂 a works
~两家工厂 two works
3） 当work解释为“工作”时，是“不可数名词”
·开始工作 get down to work
·算出；解决；制定 work out
·理解 work out=make out=figure out
4、calm
·安静下来做某事 calm down to do sth
·安静/安顿下来做某事 settle down to do sth
·认真开始做某事 get down to doing sth
5、 ·身心健康 physical and mental health
·使某人身体强壮 make sb physically strong
·心理健康 psychological health
·身心发展 develop physically and mentally
·锻炼身体 take physical exercise
6、 characteristic（a）有特征的；有个性的
·characteristics （n）性格；特征；特色
·character （n）性格；人物；品格
·有……特征 characterize
*在性格上；在人物上 in character
7、 （1）prove 证明；证实（普通用语）
①当prove解释为“证明是；证实”，无被动语态
Prove+a=prove to be+a=turn out (to be)+a
②当prove解释为“证明；证实”，有被动语态
Prove+n/句子
（2） illustrate 证明‘证实（用插图或例子）
8、 很多
1）下列各组词修饰“可数名词”
a number of很多 the number of……的数量
a variety of 各种各样的 a great many=a good many 很多
2）修饰“不可数名词”
A great deal of大量的；很多 an amount of 很多
大量的 a large amount of=a huge amount of=huge amounts of
3）“可数”与“不可数”皆可
A lot of=lots of a quantity of
大量的 a large quantity of=large quantities of
Plenty of=sums of
9、 进球得分 score a goal
10、 Interest
·有趣的 n+of interest=interesting+n
·带着浓厚兴趣 with great interests
·为了……的利益 in the interest of=for the good/benefit of
·对……感兴趣 show/have/feel/take interest in
=be/become interested in
·对……失去兴趣 lose interst in
·唤起某人……的兴趣 arouse one’s interest in sth
☆众所周知 As is known to us all,interest in the best teacher.
11、 enter
·在……的入口处 （house room hall等） at the entrance of
At the entrance to+n/doing 在（cinema theatre park等公共场所）
·报名参加 enter for=sign up for
·进入大学 enter university
·进入 gain entry to+n/doing
12、face
·保全面子 save one’s face
·面临；面对 be faced with=face
*我们面对的问题 the problems facing us
=the problems that/which we are faced with
=the problems that/which we are face
·面向南方 face south=face to the south
·面带微笑 wearing/with a smile on one’s face
脸上有皱纹 with wrinkles in one’s face
·打在某人脸上 hit sb in the face
·当着某人的面 to one’s face
·给某人一个面子 give sb a face
·面对面 face to face
·失去信心做某事 lose face in doing sth=lose confidence in doing sth
13、 survive+n 从……中幸存下来（不加介词！）
survivor 幸存者；生存者
survival 幸存的；幸存；生存
14、 spread （spread spread） 传播（无被动！）
·spread=get round/around=get about
·阻止……的蔓延 prevent the spread of sth=prevent sth from spreading
15、 along
·与某人相处融洽 get along well with sb
·在某方面进展顺利 get along well with sth
·沿着 walk along the street
·一起 along with=together with
16、 question
·问某人问题 ask sb a question=ask a question of sb
·询问；质疑某人 put sb to the question
·就某事提问某人 question sb on sth
·不可能的 out of the question=impossible
·毫无问题的 out of question
16、·live
1）活的（a）（指物） 一条活鱼 a live fish
2）向……做现场直播 televise sth live to
·living（a）有生命的（既可指人也可指物） （n）谋生
*生物 living things
3） 生动活泼的（a） lively
4） 活着的人 people alive=living people
5） 靠……谋生 make a living by doing sth
6） 活捉某人 catch sb alive
7） 还活着 be alive
17、 benefit
1）benefit=do good to=be good for=be beneficial to=be of benefit to
2）从……得益 benefit from
3）使某人受益匪浅 benefit sb a lot
18、 mean
·在……很吝啬 be mean about
·绝不 by no means=at no time=in no case
=on no account=in no shape=under no circunstances
·打算做 mean to do sth=plan to do sth=intend to do sth
·本打算做某事 had meant to do sth=meant to have done sth
·用……的手段 by means of
*用和平手段 by peacuful means
·无意间伤害某人感情 Don’t mean to hurt sb
=Don’t mean to hurt one’s feelings
·【注】当means的单复数形式相同，手段；方法
·通讯手段 a means of communication
·已经尝试过各种手段 Every means has been tried
=All means have been tried
19、 Remember
·remember doing =remember having done 记得曾经做过
·forget doing =forget having done
·remember to do sth 记得去做某事
·代某人向某人问好remember sb to sb=pay/give/send one’s regards to sb
=extend one’s compliments to sb
20、 try
·try out 尝试；试用
·try on 试穿
·try sb 审判某人
*判处某人死刑 sentence sb to death
·try one’s luck（at sth） 碰运气
21、 ability
·在某方面有更好的才能 have a better/good ability in sth
·尽……所能 to the best of one’s ability
·本领高强的人 a man of great ability
22、 A）notice
·注意到某人做了某事 notice sb do sth
·注意到某人在做某事 notice sb doing sth
·注意到某人被做某事 notice sb done sth
·忽视 take no notice of=ignore （故意忽视）
·吸引某人的注意 escape one’s notice
·张贴布告 put up a notice
B）neglect （无意的）
废寝忘食 neglect one’s meal and sleep
23、 experience=go through=under go
·从……中体会到乐趣 experience a lot of fun in sth
24、 出版 come out=be published=be turn out=be brought out
25、 absorb=take in absorption(n)
·取其精华，弃其糟粕 absorb the good and get rid of the bad
·be absorbed in=absoeb oneself in
=be employed in=employ oneself in
=apply oneself to+n/doing
=be lost in=lose oneself in
=put one’s heart into doing sth
·干扰人体对……的吸收 interfere with the body’s absorption of sth
26、 figure
①数字
②人物
③轮廓
·figure out=make out 辨认
·figure out=understand=get at
·善于计算 be good at figures
27、 restore 恢复（恢复秩序、原状）
regain 重新获得；恢复
28、 know
·因……而闻名 be known for=be famous for
=be noted for=be celebrated for
·作为……而闻名 be known as
·被某人所知 be known to
·了解 know about
·听说 know of=hear of
·向某人做自我介绍 make oneself known to each other
=introduce oneself to sb
·做某事而不至于做某事 know better than to do sth
29、 agree
·同意某人的话 agree with sb=agree with what sb says
·某人适应某物 sth agrees with sb
·A和B相一致 A agrees with B=A fits in with B
*称职 be fit for one’s office
·同意 agree to+n
·就……达成一致 agree on
·达成协议 reach an agreement
30、·申请……的岗位 apply for a position of
·坚守岗位 stick to one’s post/position
·坚持目标 stick to one’s goal
·社会地位 soical position=social status
31、 whereas=while 尽管
32、 某人对……的喜欢 one’s fondness for
【宝山区】
1、 beg
·求助于某人 beg a favour of sb=ask a favour of sb
=turn to sb for help=ask sb for help
2、 turn
·在……之交时 at the turn of
·在转折点上 at the turning point
·上交 turn in
·围绕……运转 turn around
·背叛 turn against
·翻转 turn over
·翻开新的一页 turn a new leaf
·对……视而不见 turn a bind eye to+n/doing
=be bind to+n/doing
·对……充耳不闻 turn a deaf ear to+n/doing
=be deaf to+n/doing
·到了某人该做某事的时候了 It’s one turn to do sth
由某人决定做某事
·轮流；交替 in turn=by turns
·turn+不带冠词的名词
*成为一名老师 turn teacher=become a teacher
·不理睬某人 turn away from sb
·轮到某人做某事 It is one’s turn to do sth
3、 It
·过了一段时间后，某人会做某事 It will be /seems+一段时间+before句子
·过了一段时间后，某人做了某事 It was/seemed+一段时间+before句子（did）
·某人做某事有一段时间了 It is/has been+一段时间+since（did）
4、在特殊场合 on special occasions +
5、寻找 search for=hunt for=look for=be in search of
=be after=pursue
6、way
·挡住了某人的路 get in one’s way
阻挡了某人前进的步伐
·挡路；妨碍 get in the way=interfere
·将要做某事 on the way to+n/doing
·为……铺平道路 pave the way for
·还有很长的路要走 there is still a long way to go
还有很长时间
·正在进行中 under way
*在修理中 under repairs
在治疗中 under treatment
·生活方式 a way of life
·倒塌；崩溃 give way=collaspe=break down=fall in
·以建设性的方式 in a constructive way
·在某种程度上 in a way=to some degree=to a certain degree
·有某人自己做的方法 have one’s own way to do sth
=have one’s own way of doing sth
·走向 make one’s way to
·蜿蜒而行 wind one’s way
·打开血路 fight one’s way
·径直 all the way
7、 quality
·优质的 n+of fine quality
·在质量方面 in quality
·保持优良品德 keep fine qualities
8、direction
·采用新方法 take new direction
·向四面八方 in all directions=in every direction
·向反方向 in the opposite direction
·遵照说明书 follow the directions=follow the instructions
9、·①在于 ②位于 lie in
·目的在于；旨在 aim at
·瞄准 aim sth at
·不在于；而在于 lie not in sth,but in sth
10、有点……的气质 something of+a/an +n
[Eg] His adopted son has something of a teacher.
11、A、adopt
·采用某人的观点 adopt one’s idea
·养子 adpoted son
养父 adpotive father
B、adept
·某方面的专家 be adept in/at=be an expert in/at
【高考模拟卷六】
1、 ·employ=hire 聘用；雇用
·dismiss=fire 解雇；开除
2、 be isolated=be lonely 感到孤独
3、 Assistant 助手
4、 Sorry
·为某人而感到惭愧 feel sorry for sb
·向某人道歉 say sorry to
5、 Help
·忍不住做 can’t help but do=can’t help doing
不得不做 =have to do
·不能帮助 can’t help to do=can’t help do sth
·帮助某人摆脱 help sb out of
·在某方面帮助某人 help sb with sth
·对某人是一大帮助 be a great help to sb
6、 Miss
·一个失踪的女孩 a missing girl=a lost girl
·一个遗漏的单词 a missing word
·发现某人/某物不见了 find sb/sth missing=find sb/sth lost=find sb/sth gone
7、 Apart
·分开居住 live apart
·拆散；拆开 take apart
·分辨；辨认 tell apart
·把A和B区分开来 tell A apart from B=know A apart from B
=distinguish A from B
·除了 apart from=except for=in addition
·崩溃 fall apart
8、 invest 投资
·把资金投资在……方面 invest money in sth
9、 Blame
·为某事而责备某人 blame sb for sth=blame sth on sb
·为……而受到责备 be to blame for
对……负责（意外事故）
10、 每当……的时候 whenever+句子=every time+句子
11、 failure
·对某人来说是一大失败 be a failure to sb
*对某人来说是一大成功 be a success to sb
·停电 power failure
·心力衰竭 heart failure
12、 Ready
·；乐意做某事 be ready to do sth
·非常乐意做某事 be only too ready to help others
13、 Prefer
·更喜欢做某事 prefer to do sth
·宁愿做某事而不愿意做某事 prefer to doing sth
=would rather do sth than do sth
=would do sth rather than do sth
14、 Refer
·涉及；指代；参考；查阅 refer to
·关于 referring to=dealing with=considering=concerning
=regarding=respecting=as regards.
·鉴于；关于 in/with reference to=in/with respect to
15、 Get
·让某人理解某事 get sth across to sb
·认真开始做某事 get down to doing sth
·恢复；康复 get over=recover from
·对……生气 get away with=get cross with
16、 通车 be opened to the traffic
17、 Lack
·缺乏沟通 lack of communication=lacking communication
·缺乏 be lacking in/
·短缺 lack=be short of
18、 Pour
·蜂拥而入 pour into
·倾盆而下 pour down
·从……涌出 pour out of
19、 Promise 允诺；预示着 promising（a）有希望的；有前途的
·promise+n/to do 预示着做某事
·许下……的诺言 make a promise that if+句子
20、 Image 图像
·能想象得到的 imaginable
·富于想象的 imaginative
·想象力丰富的；虚构的 imaginary
21、 Worse
·使事情更糟糕 to make matters worse
·每况愈下 go from bad to worse
22、 smooth 光滑的；流畅的；顺利的
顺利做某事 do sth smoothly
23、 Excape
·为引起某人的注意 escape one’s notice
·逃脱做某事 escape doing sth
·逃脱某人；挣脱某人 escape from doing sth
·死里逃生 have a narrow escape=narrowly escape
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