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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。感谢,Unit 2,1/79,单元总结,Words,flow,debate,decrease,appreciate,recycle,arrest,absorb,consume,soil,drill,operate,tax,fuel,bush,belief,spokeswoman,goods,queue,pump,customs,madam,responsibility,crop,credit,arrival,consultant,blanket,feather,fence,tortoise,administration,conservation,flood,vehicle,carbon,2/79,Words,dioxide,satellite,carbon dioxide,climate,engine,plant,decade,conflict,typhoon,greedy,petrol,low-carbon,environmental,oxygen,businessman,raw material,illegally,particular,raw,willing,quantity,illegal,pipe,electrical,clap,impress,measure,duty,production,seafood,range,3/79,Expressions,open the floor,use up,under way,cut back on,run out(of),let off,queue up,clean up,result in,in/with regard to,in particular,deal with,rely on,do ones part,pick out,amounts of,throw away,be concerned about/for/over/at,at the same time,keep.in mind,in use,cut down,turn off,4/79,Expressions,hide from ones responsibilities,see.as.,pay a high price for,take steps,put.in danger,blame sth.on sb.,make space for,last but not least,keep on,ask around,be meant to do sth.,replace A with B,pick up,have a long way to go,rather than,be likely to do sth.,5/79,Patterns,1.倒装句(介词短语+be+主语),2.Sth.is left for sb.to do.,3.Its our duty to do sth.,4.Its clear that.5.find sb.+形容词,6.What if.?,7.There is no debating that.,8.with复合结构,9.nor+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,10.It would be a shame if.,6/79,Patterns,11.the+形容词比较级.the+形容词比较级,12.There are times when.,13.Its ones responsibility to do sth.,14.Theres no doubt that.,15.Sth.needs to be done/needs doing.,16.upon/on(doing)sth.,Grammar,1.V-ing形式用作形容词或副词,2.V-ing短语,7/79,知识清单,8/79,1,n,.,&,vi,.辩论；争论，讨论,2,n,.产量；生产,3,vt,.&,vi,.回收利用,4,adj,.贪婪，贪心,5,n,.数量,6,n,.商品，货物,7,n,.,&,vt,.逮捕,debate,production,recycle,greedy,quantity,goods,arrest,单词,(一)基本单词,9/79,8,vi,.&,n,.冲突；矛盾,9,v,.&,n,.降低,10,n,.办法，方法；尺度,vt,.测量；估量，判定,11,n,.范围；一系列；山脉,vi,.(在一定范围内)改变；,排列，排序；包含,12,n,.气候,13,vt,.吸收；了解；使全神贯注,14,n,.十年,conflict,decrease,measure,range,decade,climate,absorb,10/79,15,n,.经济；经济体,adj,.经济,16,n,.顾问,v,.咨询，请教；参考，,查阅,n,.咨询；参阅；顾问工作,17,n,.责任，职责,adj,.负责任,18,adj,.环境,n,环境,economy,economic,environmental,environment,consult,consultancy,responsibility,responsible,consultant,(二)派生单词,11/79,19,adj,.愿意，愿意,adj,.不愿意，不愿,n,.&v,.意愿,20,n,到来，抵达；抵达者,v,抵达,21,adv,.非法地,adj,.违法，非法,adj,.(反义词)正当,22,vt,.使印象深刻,n,印象,adj,.给人印象深刻,willing,unwilling,will,arrival,arrive,illegally,illegal,legal,impress,impression,impressive,12/79,23,n,(对自然环境)保护,v,保护,24,vt,.观赏，赞赏；感激；领会,n,.观赏；感激,25,adj,.电，用电；与电相关,n,.电；电力,adj,.电，电动，有电,26,vt,.消耗，花费；消费,n,消费,2,7,adj,.专指，特指；,考究，挑剔,adv,.尤其地,conservation,conserve,appreciate,appreciation,electric,consumption,electrical,electricity,particular,particularly,consume,13/79,1,自由讲话,2.,造成,3,降低，削减，缩减,4,用尽,5,用完，耗尽,6,清扫(或去除)洁净,7,排队等候,8,找出，挑选,open the floor,result in,cut back on,use up,run out(of),clean up,queue up,pick out,短语,14/79,9,处理问题,10,处于危险中,11,进行中,12,关于，至于,13,排放,14,尤其，尤其,15,满足感,16,尽自己职责,deal with the problems,in danger,under way,in/with regard to,let off,in particular,a sense of satisfaction,do ones part,15/79,【句析】,本句为_句。,1.With me are Ms Lin Shuiqing,from the,Green Society,and Mr Qian Liwei,a,business development consultant.,倒装,句式,16/79,2.While we damage our environment,we keep,producing more and more people who need,more land to live on and more food to eat!,【句析】,此句是一个_句。,复合,17/79,3.The worlds population has grown by,six times what it was in 1800.,【句析】,此句是一个倍数表示句型，what it was in 1800相当于一个名词。,18/79,4.Its our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.,【句析】,此句是一个_句。,复合,19/79,【句析】,此句是一个_句。,5.,Ms Lin suggested we should cut back on the,quantity of things we produce in order to,save the environment.,复合,20/79,核心要点,21/79,1.,debate,n,.,_,v,._,辩论；争辩，争论，讨论,辩论；争辩，争论，讨论,【归纳】,debate sth.with sb.,和某人争论某事,debatewh疑问词不定式,讨论,；思索，盘算,beyond debate,无可争辩，毋庸置疑,under debate,在讨论中,单词,22/79,I dont wish to _,you.,我不想就我看法同你辩论。,Whether the matter damages health is,currently still _.,当前对这种物质是否会损害健康一说仍处,于争论之中。,The truth of this news story is _.,这则新闻报道事实，无庸置辩。,debate my opinions with,under debate,beyond,debate,【利用】,23/79,2.the floor,_,讲话权,如：,After they each had said a few words,Professor White took the floor.,他们各自说了几句话后，怀特教授开 始讲话。,【归纳】,ask for the floor,要求讲话权,get/have the floor,得到讲话权,take the floor,讲话，参加讨论,24/79,如：He watched TV while(he was)eating.,他边吃边看电视。,【拓展】,while,conj.,即使,，尽管(,表示让步),conj,.,然而,却（表示对比转折),n,.,（一点儿）时间，一会儿,3.while,conj,.,_,当时候；在期间,25/79,While,I am willing to help,I do not have,much time available.,尽管,我愿意帮忙，但我没有太多时间。,I only earn 50 a week,while,he earns 80.,我一周只赚50英镑，他,却,赚80.,They chatted for a,while,.,他们聊了,一会儿,。,【利用】,26/79,4.,quantity,n,_,数量；大量，大批,【归纳】,in quantity,大量地,in large quantities/amounts,大量地,quantities of,许多/大量,a quantity of,许多/大量,27/79,They aim at _.,他们目标在于提升质量而不是增加数量。,Its cheaper to buy goods _,_.,大批量购货较廉价。,A large _ in the,reservoir.,水库存了大量水。,Quantities _ on the table.,桌上摆了大量食物。,quality rather than quantity,in quantity/,in large quantities,quantity of water is stored,of food were,【利用】,28/79,5.,arrest,n,.,_,v,._,逮捕；拘留,逮捕；吸引,【归纳】,arrest sb.for,因,而逮捕某人,get arrested,遭逮捕,arrest ones attention,引发注意,under arrest,被捕,make an arrest,进行拘捕,29/79,Gao Xiaosong _ for,drunk driving.,高晓松因为醉驾而被捕了。,Her beauty _ and,we all stared at her.,她漂亮吸引了我们注意，我们都盯着,她看。,He was_ because,of the murder.,因为谋杀，他被捕了。,got/was arrested,arrested our attention,arrested/under,arrest,【利用】,30/79,6.,measure,n,_,v,._,link.v,._,【归纳】,take measures to do sth.,采取办法做某事,make.to ones measure,依照某人尺寸做,measure sth.by sth.,用来衡量,(sth.)measure+量词,量起来,办法，方法；尺度,测量；估量，判定,(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为,31/79,The tailor made _.,裁缝量了我尺寸准备为我做套新衣服。,We should _,to improve our teaching.,我们应该采取适当办法提升教学质量。,Its hard to _ when,we havent seen his work.,没有见过他作品，极难预计他能力。,a new suit to my measure,take,appropriate measure,measure his ability,【利用】,32/79,He _ to see if it was long,enough.,他量了那根绳子看是否够长。,The interval between the two trees,_.,这两棵树间隔是40英尺。,measured the rope,measures 40 feet,33/79,7.,range,n,.,_,v,._,【归纳】,in/within range of,在范围内,out of range of,超出范围,a range of,一系列,range from.to.,从到改变,range between.and.,在范围内变动,范围；一系列；山脉；射程,(在一定范围内)改变；包含；排列，排序；分类,34/79,The ship came _.,那条船进入火炮射程之内。,The job deals with _,responsibilities.,这项工作包括职责范围很广。,Prices _ 5 dollars to 10 dollars.,价格自五美元至十美元不等。,It came _ of vision.,该物体进入了我视野。,within,range of the guns,a,wide range of,ranged from,within my,range,35/79,8.,appreciate,v,._,观赏，赞赏；重视；感激；领会；意识到,【归纳】,appreciate sth.,观赏/感激/了解某物,appreciate(ones)doing sth.,感激(某人)做某事,I would appreciate it if.,假如，我会感激不尽,【拓展】,appreciation,n,.,观赏，感激，了解,have appreciation for,观赏，感激,36/79,I _ in the matter.,我很观赏你在这件事上表现出来宽大胸,怀。,Wed _ your _ as fast as,possible.,假如您能尽快离开，我们将不胜感激。,Id _ you wouldnt mention it.,假如你不提它，我会很感激。,appreciate your generosity,appreciate leaving,appreciate it if,【利用】,37/79,9.,absorb,v,._,吸收,(气体、液体、热、光等)；了解；使全神贯注,【归纳】,absorb ones attention,吸引某人注意力,be absorbed in.,全神贯注于,38/79,Plants _ the sun.,植物吸收太阳能量。,She seemed totally _ her,book.,她好像完全被这本书迷住了。,absorb energy from,absorbed in,【利用】,39/79,类似动词有：increase,rise,climb等。,【利用】,Sales of new cars in that country,_,20 percent this year.,那个国家今年新车销售量增加了百分之,二十。,The price has,_,an unbelievable,number.,价格攀升到令人难以置信水平。,1.grow by,_,grow to _,净增了,grew by,增加到,increased to,短语,40/79,2.cut back on,_,【归纳】,cut across,走捷径,cut out,切除，剪掉,cut in,插进来说，插嘴，干预,cut off,切断，停掉，隔绝,cut down,削减，砍倒,cut up,切碎,削减，缩减,41/79,Try to,_,foods containing too,much fat and sugar.,要尽可能少吃脂肪和糖份含量过高食品。,I was _ in the middle of the,telephone call.,我话讲了二分之一，电话中止了。,He _ the tree and _ for,firewood.,他把树砍倒，并把它劈成烧火用小块。,cut back on,cut off,cut down,cut it up,【利用】,42/79,3.run out(of)_,用完，耗尽,【归纳】,run out,用完，耗尽,run out of,用完，耗尽,give out,用完，耗尽；分,发，散发出,use up,用完，耗尽,worn out,筋疲力尽；穿破，磨坏,43/79,run out,run out of,give out,use up,worn out,用完，耗尽,不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等,及物动词短语，其主语普通为人,用完，耗尽,分发，散发出,穿破，磨坏,及物动词短语,及物动词短语,其主语普通为人,不及物动词短语，其主语通常是物,用尽,精疲力竭,用完，耗尽,用完，耗尽,不及物动词短语，其主语通常是物,不及物动词短语，其主语普通为人,44/79,辨析:run out,run out of,give out,use up,worn out,His work was so exacting that by the end of,the day he was _.,We had just reached the motorway when,the petrol _.,We cant _ all the natural,energy with nothing left to our next,generation.,His strength _ after he ran that,long distance.,ran out/was used up/gave out,use up/run out of,gave out,worn out,45/79,【句析】,本句为_句。主语是_ _，句首with me作_。,1.With me are Ms Lin Shuiqing,from the,Green Society,and Mr Qian Liwei,a,business development consultant.,Ms Lin Shuiqing,and Mr Qian Liwei,倒装,表语,句式,46/79,因为句子主语很长，而表语部分相对较短，为了防止句子头重脚轻采取了倒装结构。如：,1),Here are,some books donated by the students,of our school to those who are living in the,mountains.,2),Gone are,the days when teachers are looked,down upon.,47/79,2.While we damage our environment,we keep,producing more and more people who need,more land to live on and more food to eat!,【句析】,此句是一个_句。While引导一个_；主句中又含有一个_who引导_;动词不定式to live on与to eat，分别作land和food_。,复合,时间状语从句,关系词,定语从句,定语,48/79,动词不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰词后，往往表示未发生动作。(动词为不及物动词时，要加上,对应介词,),I have a lot of _.,我有许多事要做。,There was _ home that,morning.,那天早上（他回家时）两手空空。,Id like a piece of _.,我要一张纸来写。,work to do,nothing to bring,paper to write on,49/79,3.The worlds population has grown by,six times what it was in 1800.,【句析】,此句是一个倍数表示句型，what it was in 1800相当于一个名词。,50/79,主语+谓语+by+倍数,表示增加多少倍。,e.g.,The production of grain has been,increased by four times this year.,今年粮食产量增加了4倍。,主语+谓语+倍数+what从句,e.g.,The output of this year is 3 times what it,was in.,今年产量是年三倍。,倍数表示方式：,51/79,主语+谓语+倍数+the size/amount/,length/width/height +of,e.g.,The earth is 49 times the size of the,moon.,地球是月球49倍。,主语+谓语+倍数+as+adj./adv.+as。,e.g.,I have three times as many as you.,我东西有你三倍那么多。,52/79,主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+形容词（副,词）比较级+than。,e.g.,The grain output is 8 percent higher this,year than that of last year.,今年比去年粮食产量增加8%。,53/79,The new building is four times the height of the old one.,这座新楼是那座旧楼四倍高。,Translation：,The new building is four times as high as the old one.,The new building is four times higher than the old one.,54/79,4.Its our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.,【句析】,此句是一个_句。we make and buy为_从句，修饰限定先行词_。It是_。,复合,things,形式主语,定语,55/79,Translation:,照料好这些被遗弃狗是我责任，而且我以为这值得我付出。,Its my duty to look after the deserted dogs and I feel it is worth my efforts.,56/79,【句析】,此句是一个_句。suggested后接一个省略_从句，从句中things后接一个_从句，省略了关系词_。,5.,Ms Lin suggested we should cut back on the,quantity of things we produce in order to,save the environment.,宾语,复合,that,定语,that/which,57/79,语法,V-ing形式作形容词和副词常见使用方法小结,一、,V-ing形式作定语,假如句中V-ing形式用来,单独修饰名词，则常前置,（如：The dancing girl is my classmate.）。假如修饰名词是,V-ing短语,，则该短语通常被放在其所修饰,名词之后,(如：Who is the boy answering the professors question?)。,58/79,在这两种情况下，,V-ing形式或V-ing短语,都能够改为,定语从句,。如：The dancing girl is my classmate.可改为The girl who is dancing is my classmate.,二、V-ing形式作,表语,V-ing形式作表语时，句子,主语经常是“物”而不是“人”,。变为V-ing形式动词经常是一些,表示感情动词,，如：,interest,frighten,terrify,surprise,worry,excite,please,等。,59/79,当句子被,翻译成汉语,时，常把,V-ing形式译成“令人,”（如：a.The story told by Li Hua is very interesting.b.When he is angry,his face gets frightening.）。,三、V-ing形式作,宾语补足语,（如：a.Suddenly he heard someone knocking gently on the window.b.They watched children swimming in the river.）,60/79,为了使句子意思完整，英语中有些及物动词后除了要求跟有宾语外，还要求跟有,宾语补足语,。宾语和宾语补足语一起被叫做,复合宾语,。用V-ing形式作宾语补足语，强调宾语补足语,动作正在发生或延续,。能接V-ing形式作宾语补足语动词有,两类,：一类是,感官动词,，如：feel,hear,see,notice,watch,observe,catch,find 等；另一类是,使役动词,，如：have,get,leave,keep,start,send,set 等。,61/79,四、V-ing形式作,状语,V-ing形式或者V-ing短语作状语通惯用,逗号把它和谓语动词分开,，表示,时间、原因、伴随情况,等。,1.,表示“时间”,。相当于由,when,while,等引导,时间状语从句,。有时连词when,while等能够保留使用（如：When walking along the street,he met Liu Ping,his old schoolmate.）。,62/79,2.,表示“原因”,。相当于,由because,since,as引导原因状语从句,(如：Being poor,the father cant afford to send his son to college.)。,3.,表示“条件”,。相当于,由if引导条件状语从句,（如：Working hard,youll succeed.）。,4.,表示“结果”,。相当于一个,结果状语从句,，这时V-ing形式或V-ing短语常放在,句子主干之后,（如：His car was stuck in a traffic jam,causing him to be late.）。,63/79,5.,表示“让步”,。相当于由“,though/although/no matter+疑问词”,引导,让步状语从句,，这些连词有时保留使用（如：Having walked so many miles,he said he wasnt tired at all.）。,6.,表示“伴随情况”,。惯用V-ing形式,普通式,，置于,句子后部,，且有,逗号,分开(如：The children ran out of the classroom,talking and laughing.)。,64/79,【练习园地】,依据汉语，用V-ing形式或V-ing短语完成以下句子（每空一词）。,1.他边看报纸边吃早饭。,He looked through a newspaper _ _ _.,2.假如你等一会儿，你可能会看见他。,_ _ _ _,youll probably see him.,while having breakfast,Waiting for a moment,65/79,3.即使他知道了这一切，他还是让我向他道了歉。,_ _ all this,he still made me apologize to him.,4.他躺在草地上，凝望着天空沉思。,He lay on the grass,_ _ _ _ and _.,5.他让她一直在外面等。,He kept her _ _.,Though knowing,staring at the sky,waiting outside,thinking,66/79,6.这部电影比我所看过其它任何一部电影都更令人激动。,This film is _ _ _ any other film that Ive ever seen.,7.睡在小床上这个男孩是我弟弟。,The boy _ _ _ _ _ is my younger brother.,more exciting than,sleeping in the small bed,67/79,巩固练习,68/79,1.We usually m_ the energy that food provides in calories.,2.Many specialist shops are expensive and offer a very limited r_ of clothes.,3.We are beginning to understand that two of the most important resources worth conserving are energy and r_ materials.,I.依据以下各句句意及所给单词首字母或汉语提醒，写出该单词正确形式（每空限填一词）。,measure,range,raw,69/79,4.We stood in the customs q_ that day,grasping passports in sweaty hands.,5.World Wide Fund for Nature is the worlds largest independent organisation for nature c_.,6.As we all know,plants a_ minerals and other nutrients from the soil.,7.Some patients experience a slow decline in their health as the effectiveness of the drugs gradually d_.,queue,conservation,absorb,decreases,70/79,8.If two ideas,beliefs,opinions etc c_,they cannot exist together or both be true.,9.My advice is that you should buy vegetables in small q_,for they go rotten very quickly.,10.Given that pollution levels relate to _(燃料)consumption,private cars and taxis are also the greatest polluters.,11.After some time,I began to _(体会)the difficulties my father had faced.,12.The chance to _(讨论)the subject within the community was rejected.,conflict,quantities,fuel,appreciate,debate,71/79,II.用方框内所给短语适当形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。,rather than,under way,keep.in mind,cut back on,keep on,use up,pick out,pick up,72/79,1.Im delighted that my story has been _ as the best by the judges.,2.What I want to tell you is that plans are well _ for a new shopping centre.,3.Last year,the factory survived the fierce market competition by _ production costs.,4.The survivors of the airplane crash were _ by the fishing boats from nearby villages.,picked out,under way,cutting back on,picked up,73/79,5.Thinking that he had _ his imagination,he didnt take part in the fashion design competition at that time.,6.Some kinds of glasses can be difficult to clean,which is worth _ when you choose one.,7.Despite the failure to achieve the goal that you have set,you just have to _ trying.,8._ set to work painting the outside of the building,why not refresh yourself with a glass of iced tea?,used up,keeping in mind,keep on,Rather than,74/79,III.单项填空。,1.Toady there are more airplanes _ more people than ever before in the skies.,(纲领全国卷),A.carry B.carrying,C.carried D.to be carryin
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