Adverbs副词-(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Adverbs,1,Outline,1.,副词的构成,2.,副词的分类,3.,副词的功能,4.,副词的位置,5.,副词的排列顺序,6.,副词的比较等级,7.,易混淆副词,8.,练习题,9.Homework,2,副词的构成,一、大部分副词由相应的形容词加后缀,-ly,构成，但注意有变化：,happyhappily subtlesubtly,truetruly looseloosely,democraticdemocratically,publicpublicly dulldully,3,副词的构成,二、有些副词是由介词或地点名词加后缀“,-ward,（,s,）”构成的，意为“向,”,，例如：,forward(s),downward(s),northward(s),leftward(s),onward(s),sunward(s),inward(s),4,副词的构成,三、某些以名词,+-ly,构成的词和其他结构的词，既可作副词，也可作形容词。例如：,hourly,weekly,yearly,leisurely,daily paper vs.publish daily,quarterly review vs.meet quarterly,5,副词的构成,四、有些副词是由名词加后缀“,-wise”,构 成的，表示位置、方向、状态、有关等意义。例如：,sidewise clockwise crabwise coastwise,6,副词的构成,五、有些副词是加,a-/here-/there-/where-,构成。例如：,away ashore afoot afar herein hereby thereafter whereon whereby,7,副词的分类,（参考课本第,405418,页,）,时间,副词：,now,lately,so far,地点,副词,:here,there,out,方式,副词,:hard,well,fast,slowly,程度,副词,:very,quite,almost,badly,频率,副词,:usually,constantly,rarely,疑问,副词,:how,where,when,why,连接,副词,:however,therefore,why,关系,副词,:where,when,why,句子,副词,:anyway,naturally,please,8,副词的分类,Downing Street has,so,far,refused to comment on these reports.,The reports she was getting were,highly,satisfactory.,Ill never forget his surprise,when,we told him.,She is,constantly,changing her mind.,时间副词,程度副词,连接副词,频率副词,9,副词的分类,The weather was cold.,Therefore(Thus),we stayed home.,That,s,why,I cried.,But my pride,unfortunately,was the kind that goes before a fall.,连接副词,连接副词,句子副词,10,副词的功能,1.,作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词（短语）、限定词（代词或副词）或整个句子。,They,completely,ignored my views.,He feels,kind of,tired.,He drives,extremely,carefully.,She failed,entirely,through her own fault.,We need,approximately,five students here.,Hopefully,we can get this done before dark.,修饰动词,修饰形容词,修饰副词,修饰介词,修饰句子,修饰数词,11,副词的功能,2.He was,up,late last night.,One of the tyres is,down,.,作表语，说明主语的状态或特征。,3.The buildings,around,are of modern style.,Only,she could come.,作定语，常放在名词之后，代词之前。,12,副词的功能,You can leave the goods anywhere but,here.,(,介词宾语,),It was a quiet night,with the moon,high up,in the sky.,(,宾语补足语,),I went to her room only to find her,out,.,I didnt know her until,quite recently,.,13,副词的位置,频率副词,1.I,often,see her walk in the park.,You should,constantly,review your lessons.,Conclusion:,频率副词置于行为动词之前，系动词、情态动词及助动词之后。,14,副词的位置,程度副词,I can,hardly,believe what he said.,He,nearly,got run over by a car.,It is,dreadfully,cold that day.,程度副词置于行为动词及其它所修饰词之前，系动词、情态动词及助动词之后。,Exercises and difficult points:,I,quite,dont understand him.,I dont,quite,understand him.,我完全不了解他。,我不十分了解他,15,副词的位置,方式副词,方式副词一般放在动词后，但要注意在,SVO,句型中，若宾语较长，常把副词置于动词之前，以免造成歧义。例如：,They secretly decided to leave the town.,They decided to leave the town secretly.,16,副词的位置,地点副词和时间副词,地点和时间副词通常置于句首或句尾，几个地点状语连用时，大地方放在最后。,She was always sitting,by the statue,at the center of the park,in the city,.,17,副词的排列次序,1.,地点副词,时间副词,方式副词,时间副词,方式副词,地点副词,时间副词,（有时，时间副词亦可放在句首）,e.g.She sang,beautifully,in the hall,last Friday,.,方式 地点 时间,18,副词的排列顺序,2.,具体的,笼统的,小的,大的,I saw the program,at ten oclock,yesterday evening,.,确切时间 具体时间,They ate,in a Chinese restaurant,in London,.,小地点 大地点,但：,We heard it,last night,at about 11 oclock,.(,补充,),19,副词的排列次序,练习题,1,A:_.,B:So did I.,A.I saw her last Sunday at the party,B.I saw her at the party last Sunday,C.At the party I saw her last Sunday,D.At the party last Sunday I saw her,B,20,副词的排列顺序,练习题,2,After the funeral,the residents of the apartment building _.,A:sent faithfully flowers each week to the cemetery.,B:sent to the cemetery each week flowers faithfully.,C:sent flowers faithfully to the cemetery each week.,D:sent each week faithfully to the cemetery flowers.,C,21,副词的比较等级构成,单音节和个别双音节副词通过加后,-er,，,-est,构成比较级和最高级。,high higher highestfast faster fastest,绝大多数副词借助,more,，,most,构成比较级和最高级,clearly more clearly most clearlyeasily more easily most easilyslowly more slowly most slowly,22,副词的比较等级构成,少数副词的比较等级的变化是不规则的,far,（远）,farther,较远,farthest(,最远的）,further,（进一步）,furthest,（最远的）,late,（迟）,later,（较迟）,latest,最近（时间）,latter,（后者）,last,最近（顺序）,23,副词的原级句型,A+,动词（实义动词）,+as+,副词的原级,+as B.,She loves the school,as much as,her own home.I cant speak,so,（,as,）,fast as,you.,注意：,asas,结构后要直接跟表示时间、距离等的名词，不可加入介词。例如：,The poem was written as early as in the 15th century.,误,The poem was written as early as the 15th century.,正,24,副词的比较级句型,1.A+,动词（实义动词）,+,副词的比较级,+than+B.,I got up,earlier than my mother,this morning.She drives,more carefully than her husband,.,2.,在下面句子中的,than,可以看作关系代词，有时相当于,than what,。,He meant,more than,was said,.,The medicine is,more effective,than,is expected,.,Translation:,他现在拥有的房子比以前的更好。,He has now a better house than(what)belonged to him before.,25,副词的最高级句型,A+,动词（实义动词）,+,（,the,）副词的最高级,+of,（,in,）,注意：副词的最高级前面可以不加定冠词,the,，所有副词最高级前面的,the,都可以省略。,Tom can run,（,the,）,fastest in my school.She can dance,（,the,）,best of all.,好。,I jumped,（,the,）,farthest in my class.,26,27,28,2)alternately,alternatively,alternately,指两者交替或轮流；,alternatively,指两者或两者以上中选择其一。,The manager is _ kind and severe.,You may _ say lighted or lit or alight.,alternately,alternatively,29,30,31,32,Exercises,1.I arrived at the airport so late that I _ missed the plane.,A.only B.quite,C.narrowly D.seldom,2.Mary is _ than Alice.,A.more experienced a teacher,B.a more experienced teacher,C.more an experienced teacher,D.more experienced teacher,C,B,33,3.She remembered several occasions in the past _ she had experienced a similar feeling.,A.whichB.before,C.that D.when,4.It is not so much the language _ the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.,A.butB.nor C.asD.like,D,C,34,5.There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than _ in the public mind today.,A.existsB.exist,C.existing D.to exist,6.The experiment requires more money than _.,A.have been put inB.being put in,C.has been put in D.to be put in,A,C,35,5.The veterans spent a year,in the hospital;,A,consequently,they,emerged,well entirely.,B C D,D,36,D,B,A,A,37,A,B,B,A,C,D,38,C,B,B,A,C,39,A.no less B.no more C.not less D.no so,18.She remembered several occasions in the past,she had experienced a similar feeling.,A.Which B.before C.that D.when,19.Language belongs to each member of the society,to the cleaner,to the professor.,A.as far as B.the same as,C.as much as D.as long as,26.Do you know Tims brother?He is,than Tim.,A.much more sportsman,B.more of a sportsman,C.more of sportsman,D.more a sportsman,D,C,B,40,C,A,C,41,Homework,Do the exercises on the reference book,42,