不定式to用法详解PPT幻灯片课件.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,动词不定式详解,课件设计：,课件制作：,总体计划：,1,一 不定式的句子功能,2,主语,1.,To be here at Christmas time,is my dream.,2.,To go abroad,is his dream.,3.,To say,is easy,to do,is difficult.,（这时可将其用形式主语,it,来替换）,It,is my dream to be here at Christmas time.,It,is his dream to go abroad.,It,is easy to say,it,is difficult to do.,It,s often difficult,for me,to decided,what to do.,3,宾语,I want,to buy,a computer.,She hopes,to find,a better job.,I wish,to go,with you.,Do you consider,it,better,not to go,?,4,宾语补足语,She,asked,me,to help,her.,The teacher,told,him,to come,on time.,Edisons mother,taught,him,to read and write,.,want,sb to do,wish,sb to do,get,sb to do,order,sb to do,find,sb to be,like,sb to do,would like,sb to do,help,sb to do,5,作宾语补足语不带to 的情况:,感觉动词、使役动词后面的 to 常省略，但是被动语态中的 to 不能省略,Let,me,do,it.,I,saw,him,cross,the street.,常见动词有：,使役动词:let,make,have,感官动词:see,watch,hear,feel,listen to,notice,observe,比较：,I heard her,singing,in the next room.,I heard her,sing,in the next room.,6,状语,(adverbial),He came,to show,me his new CD player.,I went there,to see,my teacher.,She came back,to get,her English book.,The boy was too frightened,to move,.,(,目的,),(,目的,),(,目的,),（结果）,7,表语,His work is,to feed the animals,.,Her job is,to look after the patients,.,My wish is,to be a scientist,.,8,定语,Give,me something,to drink,.,I have two books,to read,.,They have much food,to eat,.,He asked for a room,to live,in,.,I dont have a pen,to write,with,.,The ice is hard enough,to skate,on,.,He bought a toy,to play,with,.,9,疑问词,who,what,which,where,when,how,加,to do,可构成不定式短语，在句中可用作主语、,宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。,When to start,has not been decided.,I dont know,what to do,.,He can tell you,where to get the book,.,The question is,who(m)to ask,.,(,主语,),(,宾语,),(,宾语补足语,),(,表语,),10,比较（,Compare,）,I dont know,what to do,.,I dont know,how to do it,.,I dont know,what to do about it,.,11,Exercises:,1.-Youve done very well this time.,-Its really kind _.,A.for you to say so B.for you saying so,C.of you to say so D.of you saying so,2.It is better to lose ones life than _.,A.if you lose your spirit,B.losing his spirit,C.to lose ones spirit,D.your spirit getting lost,C,C,12,3.I cant work in this way.,-Why not _ it in some other way?,A.try to doB.try doing,C.trying to doD.trying doing,4.Since you find it difficult _ a decision,youd better a discussion(,讨论,)with your parents.,A.reach;haveB.reaching;have,C.reach;havingD.to reach;have,B,D,13,5.My father hates(,痛恨,)_.He never allows me _.,A.to smoke;to smoke,B.smoking;smoking,C.smoke;smoking,D.smoking;to smoke,6.The girl was beginning _.,A.get angryB.to get angry,C.getting angryD.angry,D,B,14,7.There isnt any difference between the two.I really dont know _.,A.where to chooseB.which to choose,C.what to chooseD.to choose which,8.The bag is too heavy for me _.,A.to carry itB.not to carry it,C.to carryD.not to carry,9.The teacher will teach him _.,A.to useB.use it,C.how to use itD.uses,B,C,C,15,找出句子中的不定式，并说出作用：,It takes you ten minutes to get there.,I hope to see him soon.,His wish is to become an artist.,People eat to live,but not live to eat.,I have a lot to tell you.,Its not right to be always thinking of oneself.,We often see him play football.,定语,主语,状语,表语,宾语,主语,宾语补足语,16,二 不定式的两种性质,a)回返性,(不定式修饰的词是不定式动作逻 辑上的宾语),Do you have,anything,more,to say,?,There is,nothing,to worry about,.,Lets find,a room,to put the bike in,.,We havent,a chair,to be seated in,.,I have,a letter,to write,.,I have,a pen,to write with,.,I have no,ink,to write in,.,I have no,paper,to write on,.,（注意观察和思考）,17,b),时间性,动词不定式与谓语动作同时发生:,to be doing,Theyre said,to be building a bridge,.,We didnt expect you,to be waiting for us here.,不定式后发生:,to do sth,They invited us,to go there next week,.,动词不定式先于谓语动作发生:,to have done,Hes said,to have written a new novel,.,Im sorry,not to have come on Wednesday.,18,三 特殊的动词,19,1,),.,只能后接动词,-ing,形式作宾语的动词,常见的有：,avoid,避免，miss错过，put off,delay,postpone,psp-,推迟,避免错过莫推迟,suggest建议,practice练习，finish,complete,建议练习早完成,keep,保持，imagine想像,cant,stand,canthelp禁不住,保持想象禁不住,admit承认,deny否认,mind介意,承认否认勿介意,escape逃避,risk,excuse原谅,逃避冒险可原谅,give up,quit,放弃,envy妒忌,fancy,appreciate,enjoy,喜欢,放弃妒忌皆喜欢,如：,I cant,avoid,going,我不能不去。,a)只能接动词,-ing,形式作宾语的动词,20,b),只能接不定式作宾语的动词，常见的有,1),manage,尽量,prepare,准备,fail,失败,尽量准备,免,失败,2)choose,decide,决定,determine,决定,arrange,安排,早做,选定,好,安排,3),plan,计划,seem,看起来,refuse,decline拒绝,计划看来,又,遭拒,4),promise承诺,afford,承诺,无价却,能买,5)pretend,agree,expect,假装同意,共,期待,6),offer,提供,demand,要求,hope,希望,要求提供望,不再,21,四,注意几个容易混淆的短语,1）,have sb do sth,使某人做某事,have sb doing sth,使某人,不断,做某事,not have sb doing sth,不允许,某人做某事,have sth to do sth,有事情要做,have sth done,2）,get sb to do sth,使某人做某事,get sb doing sth,使某人,不停地,做某事情,get sth done(,vt,),He couldnt get his car started just now,.,get doing(,vi,),Once she gets talking,its hard to stop her,.,22,3)cease,start,begin,continue/deserve(值得,应得)to,do=cease等+doing,4)sb+need/want to do sth,sth+need/want doing,5)consider(考虑)doing,6)consider(认为)sb/sth+to do sth,7)feel like doing sth,dislike doing sth,would like to do sth,like doing/to do sth,hate doing/to do sth,8)be worth doing=be worthy to be done/of being done,23,9)regret to do sth,regret doing sth,stop to do sth,stop doing sth,forget to do sth,forget doing sth,remember to do sth,remember doing sth,try to do sth,try doing sth,go on to do sth,go on doing sth,24,五 “,TO”,的省略,(1),两个动词不定式由,and,、,or,、,but,、,than,、,except,等连接在一起时，第二个不定式常常省略,to,Id like to lie down,and,go to sleep.,Ill do anything,but,work on a farm.,Do you want to have lunch now,or,wait till,later?,Its easier to persuade people,than,(to)force,them.,25,(2),口语中，在,come,、,go,、,run,、,hurry up,等动词后，可用,and,代替表示目的的动词不定式,Come,and,have a drink.,Would you,go,and,tell them to shut up?,had better(not)do sth.,would rather do sth(than do sth),Hed rather watch TV,than,go to see a film.,prefer to do sth rather than do sth,Rather than,wait,he prefers to go home on foot.,Why(not)do sth?,26,(3),1)情感动词后,:,like,love,hate,expect,hope,wish,want,prefer,refuse,agree,try,mean等,2)接不定式做宾补:,ask,tell,permit,allow,advise,warn,persuade等,3)情感adj后,:glad,happy,delighted,pleased等,4),.,在,have to,ought to,be going to,used to,等后,27,A:Would you like to,come to the party?,B:I,d love to,(come the party),A:Would you mind printing the report for me,Miss Gao?,B:Not at all.I,d,be glad to,(print the report).,She wants to go alone but her father wont,allow her to,.,I really didnt want to go there with him,but I,had to,(go there with him).,28,但:,不定式是 to be.或者to have done时,则be,或者have要保留,A:Are you the boss?,B:No,and I dont,want to be,(the boss.),He hasnt finished his homework yet though he is supposed,to have,(finished his homework.),-Are you a teacher?,No,but I used,to be,(a teacher).,John didnt come,but he ought,to have(come),.,29,六 动词不定式的复合结构,for sb to do sth,Its a mistake,for us not to help them.,The coffee was too hot,for me to drink,.,Its +adj.+of sb to do sth,(kind,nice,brave,stupid,clever,etc.),Its kind,of you to think,so much of me.,30,七 be+adj.+to do(sth),(,不定式逻辑上的宾语是句子主语,),The question is easy,to answer,.,Shes nice,to talk to,.,Its not a bad place,to live in,.,31,八 enough和 too,adj.+enough (for sb)to do sth,He isnt,old enough to go,to school.,too(for sb)to do sth,The apple is,too high for us to pick,.,NOTICE:,Im,too glad to see,you.,Hes,too ready to help,you.,32,九 动词不定式的被动式,(1),含被动的一般情况,She ought to,be told about it,.,Nothing seems,to have been forgotten,.,This form is,to be filled in in ink,.,there be,后可用主动的或被动的动词不定式,Theres a lot of work,to do(to be done).,33,(2),to be seen,to be found,等常用在,be,之后,He was nowhere,to be seen(found).,to blame,常用于表示被动的意思“受责怪”,Nobody was,to blame for the accident,.,34,END,35,