初中英语直接引语变间接引语练习题.doc

初中英语直接引语变间接引语练习题
一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词：
1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that ______ never ______ meat.
2. “I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me. He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet.
3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her.
4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”
The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.
5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me. He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______.
6. “You must come here before five.” he said. He said that I ______ to go ______ before five.
7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said. He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______.
8. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______.
9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there.
10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it.
11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days.
12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______.
13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said.
He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise.
14. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said. She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news.
15. “Are you intested in this?” he said. He ______ ______ I was interestd in ______.
16. “I am having supper,” he said. He said that _______ _______ having supper.
17. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me. Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film.
18. “I went home with my sister,” she said. She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister.
19. “Keep quiet, children.” he said. He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet.
20. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said.She told me _______ _______ _______ out of the window.

【参考答案】
1. he, ate 2. told, had, found, his 3. she, had, taken 4. rise, goes 5. told, had, before 6. had, there
7. had, before 8. asked, if [whether], before 9. told, could 10. how, she, had 11. where, I, had, those 12. if [whether], I, lived 13. told, to, stop 14. not, to, tell 15. asked, if [whether], that
16. he, was。在直接引语变为间接引语时，代词I要变为he；主句为过去时态，宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即现在进行时am having变为过去进行时was having。
17. told, had, seen。直接引语中的said to sb在变为间接引语时应改为told sb；现在完成时have seen改为过去完成时had seen。
18. she, had, gone。直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词I 应变为she；一般过去时went改为过去完成时had gone。
19. told, to, keep。如直接引语为肯定的祈使句时，在变为间接引语时，可使用ask [tell, order] sb to do sth这一结构进行转换。
20. not, to, look。如直接引语为否定的祈使句时，在变为间接引语时，可使用ask [tell, order] sb not to do sth这一结构进行转换。
二、将所给直接引语变为间接引语
1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.”
2．She said: “He will be busy.”
3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”
4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”
5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”
6．The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.”
7．The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”
8．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”
9．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”
10．The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”
11．He said, “We are still students.”
12．He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”
13．The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”
14．He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.”
15．She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.”

16．Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”

17．He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.”
18．She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”
19．I said to him, “I have finished it.”
20．She said to us,“ I’ll come here tomorrow.”
21．“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked.

22． “Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.

23． “Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.

24． “What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.

25. "I'm checking your home work now."his mother said.
附答案：【参考答案2】
1． He told me that he had left his book in his room.
2． She said that he would be busy.
3． She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.
4． She asked me whether that book was mine or his.
5． The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.
6． The teacher told the students not to waste their time.
7． The mother asked Tom to get up early.
8． The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
9． My father said practice makes perfect.
10． The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.
11． He said they are still students.
12． He told me that he was born in 1978.
13． The engineer said he was at college in 1967.
14． He said he had studied English since he was a boy.
15． She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.
16． Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.
17． He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.
18． She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.
19． I told him I had finished it.
20． She told us she would come here tomorrow
21． The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.
22． The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.
23． Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.
24． The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.
25. His mother said she was checking his homework then .

直接引语变间接引语专项练习题三
1. Our teacher asked us _____ our dictionaries to school.
A. bring B. brought C. bring D. to bring
2. The teacher told the boy students ______ football on the grass.
A. not play B. not to play C. played D. playing
3. ____ Tom didn’t go to school?
A. Do you know how B. Why do you know C. How you know why D. Do you know why
4. She looks sad. Could you please tell me _____ that prevents her from being as happy as before?
A. what it is B. it is what C. how it is D. it is how
5. Betty asked her sister ____ to the railway station to see her off.
A. not to come B. not to go C. to not come D. to not go
6. The pupil asked his teacher _____ round the earth.
A. weather the moon goes B. that the moon went C. whether the moon goes D. whether the moon went
7. Mr. Li ____ Wang Ling ____ a taxi to the airport.
A. asked; take B. asked; taking C. told; take D. told; to take
8. She asked him ____.
A. whose dictionary this is B. whose dictionary that was
C. whose dictionary is this D. whose dictionary that is
9. Mary’s mother asked her _____.
A. that whether she had finished her homework B. if she has finished her homework
C. if she had finished her homework D. that if she had finished her homework
10. Do you know ____?
A. what is he doing B. what he doing C. what he is doing D. what does he do now
11. I don’t know ____ to learn English.
A. when did he begin B. when he began C. he when began D. when he begins
12. He asked me ____.
A. how would the weather be like tomorrow B. what the weather would be like the next day
C. how the weather would be like tomorrow D. what would the weather be like the next day
13. You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Spring Festival presents.
A. how excited they were B. how excited were they C. how they were excited D. they were how excited
14. She told me that she ____ by her relatives at the bus stop.
A. had been seen off B. have seen off C. have been seen off D. had seen off
15. Do you remember how many times ____ to Australia?
A. had you been B. did you go C. have you been D. you have been
16. Can you guess ____?
A. what is that man B. who that man is C. whom that man is D. who is that man
17. More and more students and teachers have began to know ____.
A. how important the foreign language are B. how the foreign language is important
C. how important the foreign language is D. how important is the foreign language
18. The hostess said that it ___ time that they ___ supper.
A. was; had B. was; had had C. is; have D. is; have had
19. The boss asked his secretary ____ he had finished typing the report ____.
A. if; or not B. if; not C. whether; or not D. whether; not
20. I wonder how much _____.
A. does he spend on his car B. did he spend on his car C. he spent on his car D. he spent in his car
巩固练习答案：
1—5DBDAB; 6—10CDBCC；11—15BBAAD；16—20BCACC

与上面部分题目重复！
1. “I am having supper,” he said.
He said that _______ _______ having supper.
2. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me.
Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film.
3. “I went home with my sister,” she said.
She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister.
4. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”
The teacher said that the sun _______ bigger than the moon.
5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me.
He told me that he _______ met her the day _______.
6. “You must come here before five,” he said.
He said that I _______ to go _______ before five.
7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,” she said.
She said that she _______ bought the computer two weeks _______.
8. “Did you read the book last week?” he said.
He _______ _______ I had read the book the week _______.
9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”
He _______ Jim that he _______ sit there
10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”
He asked her mother _______ _______ _______ found it.
11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.
He asked me _______ _______ _______ been _______ days.
12 “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.
He asked _______ _______ knew where she _______.
13. “Keep quiet, children.” he said.
He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet.
14. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said.
She told me _______ _______ _______ out of the window.
15. “Are you interested in this?” he said.
He _______ _______ I was interested in _______.
【练习5答案详解】
1. he, was。在直接引语变为间接引语时，代词I要变为he；主句为过去时态，宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即现在进行时am having变为过去进行时was having。
2. told, had, seen。直接引语中的said to sb在变为间接引语时应改为told sb；现在完成时have seen改为过去完成时had seen。
3. she, had, gone。直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词I 应变为she；一般过去时went改为过去完成时had gone。
4. is。直接引语变为间接引语时，若直接引语为客观真理，则变为间接引语时时态不变。
5. had, before。直接引语是一般过去时met，变为间接引语时应改为过去完成时had met；时间状语yesterday应改为the day before(from )。
6. had, there。如直接引语中的谓语动词含有情态动词must，变为间接引语时用had to；地点状语here 相应地改为there。
7. had, before。直接引语是一般过去时bought，变为间接引语时应改为过去完成时had bought；时间状语two weeks ago应改为two weeks before。
8. asked, if (whether), before。当直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时said应改为asked，然后加上连接词if或whether；时间状语last week 改为the week before。
9. told, could。根据句意第一空应用动词told；直接引语中含有情态动词can，变为间接引语时应改为 could。
10. how, she, had。如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时仍用how引导，疑问句语序改为陈述句语序，一般过去时改为过去将来时。
11. where, I, had, those。直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时仍用where引导，疑问句语序改为陈述句语序，现在完成时改为过去完成时，指示代词these相应地变为those。
12. if (whether), I, lived。直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时应用if或whether引导，人称you和动词时态lives也相应地变为I 和lived(from )。
13. told, to, keep。如直接引语为肯定的祈使句时，在变为间接引语时，可使用ask [tell, order] sb to do sth这一结构进行转换。
14. not, to, look。如直接引语为否定的祈使句时，在变为间接引语时，可使用ask [tell, order] sb not to do sth这一结构进行转换。
15. asked, if (whether), that。根据所给的句子，直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，主句谓语动词应用asked；再用if或whether引导宾语从句，批示代词this相应地变为that

直接引语和间接引语的讲解

直接引语（Direct Speech）：当我们引用别人的话语时，若引用的是原话，被引用的部分叫直接引语。

间接引语（Indirect Speech）：当我们引用别人的话语时，也可以用自己的话把意思转述出来，这种转述的别人说话的部分叫做间接引语。

典型例句：1. She said ,” I like English very much. “ （直接引语）
（她说：“我非常喜欢英语”。）
典型例句：2. She said she liked English very much. （间接引语）
（她说她非常喜欢英语。）

一、直接引语与间接引语的转化
A. 陈述句的间接引语
直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，在多数情况下都构成一个that引导的宾语从句，引述动词通常是say, tell等。与此同时，间接引语中的人称、时态和其他方面也要相应有所变化，其中人称的变化与汉语的变化是一致的。
例1）John said, “I’ve been late again.”
→ John said that he had been late again.

例2）She said ,”We are very fond of sports.”
→ She said that they were very fond of sports.

B.疑问句的间接引语
1．一般疑问句
一般疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并要加连词if 或 whether，其主句动词常用ask, wonder, want to know, didn't know等。句末不用问号。
例1）My teacher asked me, “Do you like American country music ?”
→ My teacher asked me if/whether I liked American country music.
重要提示：
if 和whether 一般可通用，但
whether可以和or not 连用，if不能。
例：I asked her whether she had visited the museum two days before or not.

2. 反意疑问句
反意疑问句转述为间接引语时，要把它看成是一般疑问句，即句型为陈述句，在句子前面加if或whether，往往后面还要加上or not，常用whether……or not.
例1）She cried, ”You have made a big mistake, haven’t you ?”
→ She cried whether I had made a big mistake or not.

3．否定的一般疑问句和选择问句
如果直接引语为否定的一般问句或选择疑问句时，用whether……or not连接。
例1）She said, Don't you know my telephone number
→ She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not.
例2）Do you like this one or that one Tom asked.
→ Tom asked me whether I liked this one or that one.

4．特殊疑问句
间接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语前仍然用特殊疑问词作为连词引导宾语从句，注意从句必须用陈述语序，主句谓语动词常用ask。
例1）He asked, “How do you like it ?”
→ He asked me how I liked it.
例2）She asked me, “What's the matter with you?”
→ She asked me what was the matter with me.
例3）”How many books do you have?” she asked.
→ She asked me how many books I had.

C. 祈使句的间接引语
1．直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语往往用复合宾来表示，其结构为主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（动词不定式）。引述动词可根据口气选用tell, ask, order, command, request等词，句中please去掉。
例1）She said to me, “Please have a rest. “
→ She asked me to have a rest.
例2）”Don't all answer at once”, she said to the pupils.
→ She told the pupils not to answer all at once.

2．带有let的祈使句（表示请求，建议或命令），可用suggest + -ing形式或suggest +that从句来表示其相应的意思。
例1）”Let's go for a walk”, said the girl.
→ The girl suggested going for a walk.
例2）The teacher said, “Let Lily tidy the classroom.”
→ The teacher suggested that Lily should tidy the classroom.

D. 感叹句的间接引语
1．直接引语是感叹句变为间接引语时，多采用宾语从句结构，既可用what或how引导，也可用that引导。
例1）”What a clever boy you are!” My teacher said to him.
→ My teacher told him what a clever boy he was.
→ My teacher told him that he was a very clever boy.

例2）She said,” How interesting the film is !”
→ She said that how interesting the film was.

2．有些感叹句可以根据原句的意思，采用适当的动词变为陈述句，不需用间接宾语来转述。
例1） “Help! “he cried.
→ He called for help.
例2）”Happy Christmas!” he said.
→ He wished me a happy Christmas.

E. “Would you please ……? “ 如何变为间接引语
“ Would you please ……? “虽然是个一般疑问句，但它表示的是”请求”,变为间接引语时，一般用动词不定式来表示。
句型：主语+ ask / invite +宾语+不定式
例1）”Would you please have lunch with me tomorrow ?” Mr Zhou asked me.
→ Mr Zhou asked / invited me to have lunch with him the next day.

二、间接引语中的词语变化
直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语中的动词时态、人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、时间和地点状语以及主谓语词序往往要作相应的变化。
A. 时态的变化
直接引语转化为间接引语时，主句动词的时态若是过去时，间接引语的时态要变为相应的过去时态。

直接引语中的时态
间接引语中的时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般过去时、现在完成时
过去完