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河北北方学院-动物生理学常用词汇英汉对照表.doc

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生理学常用词汇英汉对照表 (括号内数字表示该词汇所在章) A abdominal breathing腹式呼吸(5) absolute refractory period绝对不应期(2) absorption吸收(6) acrosin顶体素(12) acrosome reaction顶体反应(12) action potential动作电位(2) adaptability适应性(1) adequate stimulus适宜刺激(10) adrenergic fibres肾上腺能纤维(10) adrenoceptor肾上腺能受体(10) adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH促肾上腺皮质激素(11) aerial肺房(3) affinity亲和力(11) after-discharge后放(10) after-potential后电位(2) agglutination凝集(3) air cell气室(14) airsac气囊(14) aldosterone醛固酮(11) alkali reserve碱储(3) alveolar gas肺泡气(5) alveolar surfactant肺表面活性物质(5) alveolar ventilation肺泡通气量(5) amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation,APUD胺前体摄取和脱羧作用(6) androgen雄激素(12) androgen-binding protein,ABP雄性激素结合蛋白(12) anticoagulation 抗凝剂(3) antidiuretic hormone。ADH 抗利尿激素(11) antiperistalsls逆蠕动(6) antithrombin III 抗凝血酶Ⅲ(3) 8-arginine oxytocin 8-精催产素 (14) arterial blood pressure 动脉血压 (4) arteriole 微动脉(4) arteriovenous anastomos 动一静脉吻合支(4) ascending activating system上行激动系统(10) atrial natriuretic peptide心房利尿钠肽(4) atrial natriuretic peptide心钠素(11) attitudinal reflex状态反射(10) autapse自身突触(10) autocrine自分泌(11) autoregulation自身调节(1) autorhythmic cell自律细胞(4) autorhythmicity自律性(4) avian pancreatic polypeptide,APP胰多肽(14) axo-axonic synapse轴一轴突触(10) axo-dendritic synapse轴一树突触(10) axon reflex轴突反射(4) axo-somatic svnanse轴一体突触 (10) B baroreceptor reflex压力感受器反射(4) basal electric rhythm,BER基本电节律(6) basal metabolism rate,BMR基础代谢率(7) basal metabolism基础代谢(7) beck喙(14) bile胆汁(6) bioelectric phenomenon生物电现象(2) biorhythm生物节律(1) blastocyst胚泡(12) blood血液(3) blood clotting factors凝血因子(3) blood coagulation血液凝固(3) blood pressure血压(4) blood volume血量(3) blood-testis barrier血睾屏障(12) body fluid体液(3) body temperature体温(7) bombesin蛙皮素(14) brain-gut peptide脑一肠肽(6) breathing pattern呼吸式(5) broodiness抱窝(14) Brunner's gland勃氏腺(6) C calcitonin,CT降钙素(11) calcium binding protein CaBP钙结合蛋白(5, 14) caloric value热价(7) capacitance vessels容量血管(4) capacitation获能(12) capillary blood pressure毛细血管血压(4) cardiac output心输出量(4) cardiac sympathetic nerve心交感神经(4) cardiac vagus nerve心迷走神经(4) cardionatrin心钠素(4) cardiophonogram心音图(4) catecholamine儿茶酚胺(10) central delay中枢延搁(10) central inhibition中枢抑制(10) central inspiratory activity generator,CIAG吸气活动发生器(5) central positive feedback中枢性正反馈(12) central venous pressure中心静脉压(4) cephalic phase头期(6) chemical synapse化学性突触(10) chemoreceptor reflex化学感受器反射(4) chemoreceptor化学感受器(5) chloride shift氯转移(5) cholecalciferol胆钙化醇(11) cholinergic fibres胆碱能纤维(10) cholinoceptor胆碱能受体(10) chronaxie时值(1) chylomicron乳糜微粒(6) climatic adaptation气候适应(7) clone克隆(1) closed-loop circuit闭合回路(11) clutch cycle连产周期(14) cold acclimation冷服习(7) cold acclimatization冷驯化(7) collateral inhibition侧支性抑制(10) colony forming unit-erythroid,CFIJ-E红系集落形成单位(3) colony stimulating factor,CSF集落刺激因子(3) colostrum初乳(13) combined breathing胸腹式呼吸(5) compensatory pause代偿性间歇(4) premature systole期前收缩(额外收缩)(4) complete tetanus完全强直收缩(9) compound glands复腺(14) conditions immune response条件性免疫反应(10) conditional reflex条件反射(10) conduction传导(2)(7) conductivity传导性(4) contractility收缩性(9) convection对流(7) cortical nephron皮质肾单位(8) corticotropin-releasing hormone. CRH促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(11) counter-current exchange逆流交换(8) counter-current multiplication逆流倍增(8) coupled sodium-chloride absorption钠-氯同时吸收(6) critical fusion frequency临界融合频率(9) crop sac gland嗦囊腺(14) cross bridge横桥(9) crossed extensor对侧伸肌反射(10) cybernetics控制论(1) cytokine细胞因子(10) D decerebrate animal去大脑动物(10) decerebrate rigidity去大脑僵直(10) defense reflex防御性反射(10) deglutation吞咽(6) dehydroepiandrosterone脱氢异雄酮(11) deoxycorticosterone,DOC脱氧皮质酮(11) depressor reflex降压反射(4) diestrus休情期(12) digestion消化(6) 5 a -dihydrotestosterone 5α-双氢睾酮(12) direct calorimetry直接测热法(7) dopamine多巴胺(10) dorsal respiratory group,DRG背侧呼吸组(5) dynamic stereotype动力定型(10) E ectopic rhythm异位心律(4) effective filtration pressure有效滤过压(4) ejection fraction射血分数(4) electrical synapse电突触(1、9) electrocardiogram, ECG心电图(4) electrochemical equilibrium电一化学平衡(3) electrochemical gradient电一化学梯度(2) emergency reaction应急反应(11) emotion情绪(10) endocrine内分泌(11) end-plate potential, EPP终板电位(9) entero-gastric reflex肠一胃反射(6) entero-hepatic circulation肠肝循环(6) epicrine表分泌(11) epidermal growth factor,EGF上皮细胞生长因子(11) epinephrine,E肾上腺素(11) eructation嗳气(6) erythrocyte osmotic fragility红细胞渗透脆性(3) erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR红细胞沉降率(3) erythrocyte红细胞(3) erythropoietin,EPO红细胞生成素(3) estradiol,E2雌二醇(11) estrogen,E雌激素(12) estrous cycle发情周期(12) estrous发情期(12) eupnea平静呼吸(4 ) evaporation蒸发(7) exchange vessels交换血管(4) excitability兴奋性(1) excitable tissue可兴奋性组织(1) excitation contraction coupling兴奋一收缩耦联(9) excitation兴奋(1) excitatory postsynaptic potential,EPSP兴奋性突触后电位(10) excitatory synapse兴奋性突触(10) excitatory transmitter兴奋性化学递质(10) expiration呼气(5) expiratory reserve volume补呼气量(5) exteroceptor外感受器(10) extracellular fluid细胞外液(1) extrapyramidal system锥体外系统(10) extrinsic route外源性激活途径(3) F facilitated diffusion易化扩散(2) factor因子(11) feedback反馈(1) feedforward前反馈(1) feeding center摄食中枢(10) fertilization受精(12) fibrin纤维蛋白(3) fibrinolysis纤维蛋白溶解(3) filtration fraction滤过分数(8) fluid mosaic model流体镶嵌模型(2) follicle statin卵泡抑制素(12) follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH卵泡刺激素(11) follicular phase卵泡期(12) FSH-releasing protein,FRP促FISH释放蛋白(12) functional residual capacity机能余气量(5) G gall-bladder bile胆囊胆汁(6) gastric emptying胃的排空(6) gastric inhibitory polypeptide, GIP抑胃肽(6) gastric phase胃期(6) gastrointestinal hormone胃肠激素(6) gizzard肌胃(14) gland cisterns乳腺池(13) glandular stomach腺胃(14) glomerular filtration rate,GFR肾小球滤过率(8) glomerulo-tubular balance球一管平衡(8) glucagon胰高血糖素(11) glucocorticoid糖皮质激素(11) gonadotropic hormone,gonadotropin,GTH促性腺激素(11) gonadotropin-releasing hormone,GnRH促性腺激素释放激素(11) growth hormone,GH生长激素(11) growth hormone release-inhibiting hormone,GIH生长激素释放抑制激素(11) growth hormone releasing hormone,GHRH生长激素释放激素(11) gut hormone胃肠激素(11) H half-life period半衰期(11) heart rate心率(4) heart sound心音(4) hematocrit血细胞比容(3) hematopoietic growth factor,HGF造血生长因子(3) hemolysis溶血(3) heparin cofactor II肝素辅助因子II(3) heparin肝素(3) hepatic bile肝胆汁(6) Hering-Breuer reflex黑一伯二氏反射(5) high nervous activity高级神经活动(10) histamine组胺(14) homeostasis稳态(1) hormone激素(11) human chorionic gonadotrophin,HCG人绒毛膜促性腺激素(11) human leukocyte antigen HLA人白细胞抗原(3) humoral regulation体液调节(1) hypothalamic hypophysiotropic area下丘脑促垂体区(11) hypothalamus regulatory peptide,HRP下丘脑调节肽(11) hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis,HPA下丘脑一垂体一肾上腺轴(10) hypoxia低氧(5) I impulse冲动(2) incomplete tetanus不完全强直收缩(9) indirect calorimetry间接测热法(7) inhibin抑制素(11) inhibition抑制(1) inhibitory postsynaptic potential,IPSP抑制性突触后电位(10) inhibitory synapse抑制性突触(10) inhibitorytransmitter抑制性化学递质(10) initiation of lactation发动泌乳(13) inspiration吸气(5) inspiratory off -switch mechanism,IOS吸气切断机制(5) inspiratory reserve volume补吸气量(5) insulin胰岛素(11) insulin-like growth factor IGF胰岛素样生长因子(11) integration整合作用(1) interdigestive motility complex消化间期运动复合波(6) internal environment内环境(1) internal respiration内呼吸(5) interoceptor内感受器(10) interstitial cell stimulating hormone间质细胞刺激素(11) interstitial fluid细胞间液(3) intestinal phase肠期(6) intestinal villi小肠绒毛(6) intracellular fluid细胞内液(3) intrapleural pressure胸膜腔内压(5) intrapulmonary pressure肺内压(5) intrapulmonary primary bronchi肺内一级支气管(14) intrinsic factor内因子(2, 5) intrinsic plexus壁内神经丛(6) intrinsic route内源性激活途径(3) iodine accumulation聚碘作用(11) iodine activation碘的活化(11) iodine of tyrosine酪氨酸碘化(11) iodine pump碘泵(11) irradiation扩散(10) irritability感应性(1) 8-isoleucine oxytocin 8一异亮催产素(14) isometric contraction等长收缩(9) isotonic contraction等张收缩(9) isotonic solution等张溶液(3) J juxtamedullary nephron近髓肾单位(8) K killer cell杀伤细胞(3) knee jerk膝反射(10) L latent period潜伏期(9) leucocyte白细胞(3) Leydig's cell间质细胞(12) Lieberkiihn crypt李氏腺(6) limbic system边缘系统(10) lipid bilayer脂质双分子层(2) lipopolysaccharide脂多糖(10) lipotropin,β-LPH促脂解素(11) local hormone局部激素(11) long-loop feedback长反馈(11) lung compliance顺应性(5) luteal phase黄体期(12) luteinizing hormone,LH黄体生成素(11) M maintenance of lactation维持泌乳(13) mammary glands乳腺(13) mass peristalsis集团蠕动(6) mastication咀嚼(6) maximal diastolic potentia一最大舒张(期)电位(4) mean circulatory filling pressure平均充盈压(4) melanophore-stimulating hormone,MSH促黑(素细胞)激素(11) elanophore-stimulating hormone release-inhibiting factor,MIF促黑素细胞激素释放抑制因子(11) melanophore-stimulating hormone-releasing factor, MRF促黑素细胞激素释放因子(11) melatonin,MLT褪黑素(11) membrane potential膜电位(2) menstrual cycle月经周期(12) messenger信使(11) metabolism新陈代谢(1、6) metaestrus发情后期(12) microvilli微绒毛(6) migrating burst spikes移行性锋电位(6) migrating motility complex,MMC移行性运动复合波(6) milk excretion排乳(13) milk secretion乳的分泌(13) mineralocorticoid盐皮质激素(11) minute ventilation volume每分通气量(5) minute volume每分输出量(4) mobile brain游动脑(10) modulation调制(10) motor end plate运动终板(9) motor neuron运动神经元(10) motor unit运动单位(9) muscarinic receptor毒蕈型受体(10) muscle spindle肌梭(10) N nasal gland鼻腺(14) natural kill cell自然杀伤细胞(3) nephron肾单位(8) nerve growth factor NGF神经生长因子(11) nervoustype神经型(10) neurocrine神经分泌(11) neuroendocrine神经内分泌(11) neuroendocrinology神经内分泌学(11) neurohormone神经激素(11) neurohumoral regulation神经一体液调节(1) neuroimmunomodulation神经免疫调节(10) neuromuscular junction神经肌肉接头(9) neuroregulation神经调节(1) neurotransmitter神经递质(1) nicotinic receptor烟碱型受体(10) nidation着床(12) nitrogenous hormone含氮激素(11) norepinephrine,NE去甲肾上腺素(11) normal milk常乳(13) null cell裸细胞(3) O oocyte maturation inhibitor,OMI卵泡细胞成熟抑制素(12) osmotic pressure渗透压(3) overdrive suppression超速驱动压抑(4) overshot超射(I) ovulatory cycle排卵周期(14) oxygen dissociation curve氧离曲线( 4) oxygenation氧合(5) oxytocin,OXT催产素(11) P pancreatic amylase胰淀粉酶(6) pancreatic juice胰液(6) pancreatic lipase胰脂肪酶(6)、 pancreatic polypeptide胰多肽(11) paracellular absorption旁细胞吸收(6) paracrine旁分泌(11) parasympathetic nervous system副交感神经系统(10) parathyroid hormone,PTH甲状旁腺素(11) parotid gland腮腺(6) parturition delivery分娩(12) pepsin胃蛋白酶(6) peptidergic neuron肽能神经元(11) peripheral venous pressure外周静脉压(4) peristalsis蠕动(6) permeability选择通透性(2) permissive action允许作用(11) phagocytosis吞噬作用(1) pheromone外激素(11) pineal body松果体(14) plasma osmotic pressure血浆渗透压(3) plasma血浆(3) plasmin纤维蛋白溶解酶(3) plasminogen纤维蛋白溶解酶原(3) platelet-derived growth factor, PDGF血小板衍生因子(4) platelets血小板(3) pneumothorax气胸(5) polarization极化(2) postganglionic neuron节后纤维(10) postsynaptic inhibition突触后抑制(10) postsynaptic potential突触后电位(10) postural reflex姿势反射(10) precapillary sphincter毛细血管前括约肌(4) preganglionic neuron节前纤维(10) pregnancy妊娠(12) pregnant mare serum gonadotropin,PMSG孕马血清促性腺激素(11) prehension采食(6) premature pacemaker早搏(4) pre-prohormone前激素原(11) presynaptic inhibition突触前抑制(10) primary active transport原发性主动转运(2) proestrus发情前期(12) progesterone孕酮(12) progestogen孕激素(12) prohormone激素原(11) prolactin release-inhibiting factor,PIF催乳素释放抑制因子(11) prolactin releasing factor, PRF催乳素释放因子(11) pro-opiomelanocortin, POMC促阿片一黑素细胞皮质素原(11) prostaglandin,PG前列腺素(11) prostaglandin前列腺素(11) protein C蛋白质C(3) protein kinase C, PKC蛋白激酶C(11) prothrombin凝血酶原(3) proventriculus前胃(14) puberty初情期(12) pulmonary circulation肺循环(4) pulmonary stretch reflex肺牵张反射(5) pulmonary ventilation肺通气(5) pyramidal system锥体系统(10) R radiation辐射(7) receptive relaxation容受性扩张(6) receptor受体(2) recipient受血者(3) reciprocal inhibition交互抑制(10) recurrent inhibition回返性抑制(10) redeglutation再吞咽(6) reflex arc反射弧(10) reflex milk反射乳(13) reflex time反射时(10) regurgitation逆呕(6) reinforcement强化(10) relative refractory period相对不应期(2) relaxin松弛素(12) relaxing period舒张期(9) renal glucose threshold肾糖阈(8) renal plasma flow,RPF肾血浆流量(8) reproduction生殖(1、11) residual volume余气量(5) respiration呼吸(5) respiratory frequency呼吸频率(5) respiratory quotient,RQ呼吸商(7) response反应(2) resting potential静息电位(2) reticulorumen网瘤胃(6) righting reflex翻正反射(10) rumination反刍(6) s saliva唾液(6) saltatory conduction跳跃式传导(2) satiety center饱中枢(10) sebaceous gland皮脂腺(14) second active transport继发性主动转运(2) second messenger hypothesis第二信使学说(11) second messenger第二信使(2) secondary二级支气管(14) secondarysexual characteristics副性征(12) secretion分泌(11) segmentation分节运动(6) self-replication自我复制(1) sensation感觉(10) sensorimotor area感觉运动区(10) serine protease inhibitor丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制物(3) serum血清(3) sex hormone性激素() sexual cycle性周期(12) sexual maturity性成熟(12) sexual reflex性反射(12) shell gland lumen壳腺腔(14) shell gland壳腺(14) shivering寒颤(7) shortening period缩短期(9) short-loop feedback短反馈(11) simple diffusion单纯扩散(2) sinus rhythm窦性心律(4) sodium co-transport system钠协同转运系统(6) somatomedin,SM生长介素(11) somatostatin,生长激素释放抑制激素(11) specific dynamic effect特殊动力效应(7) specific projection system特异性投射系统(10) spike potential锋电位(2) spinal animal脊髓动物(10) spinal reflex脊髓反射(10) steroid hormone类固醇激素(11) stimulus刺激(2) strength-duration curve强度一时间曲线(2) stress应激(11) stretch reflex牵张反射(10) stroke volume每搏输出量(4) sublingual gland舌下腺(6) submaxillary gland颌下腺(6) subnormal period低常期(2) summation of contraction收缩总和(9) summation总和(10) summation总和(效应)(2) supermummerary teats副乳头(13) supranormal period超常期(2) supraorbital gland眶上腺(14) suspension stability悬浮稳定性(3) sympathetic nervous system交感神经系统(10) sympathetic tone交感紧张(4) synaptic transmission突触传递(10) systemic circulation体循环(4) systolic pressure收缩压(4) T tapetum 照膜(1 3) target cell靶细胞(11) target issue靶组织(11) target organ靶器官(11) tear cisterns乳头池(13) telecrine远距分泌(11) temporary connection暂时联系(10) tendon reflex键反射(10) tertiary branchi三级支气管,副支气管(14) testosterone,T睾酮(12) tetanus强直收缩(韵) tetraiodothyronine, T4四碘甲腺原氨酸(11) thermal equivalent of oxygen氧热价(s) thoracic breathing胸式呼吸(5) thoroughfare channel直捷通路(4) threshold intensity阈强度(2) threshold阈值(2) thrombin凝血酶(3) thrombocyte血小板(3) thymosiri胸腺激素(11) thyroglobulin, TG甲状腺球蛋白(11) thyroid hormone甲状腺激素(11) thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH促甲状腺激素(11) thyroprotein-releasing hormone,TRH促甲状腺释放激素(11) thyroxine甲状腺素(11) thyroxine-binding globulin,TBG甲状腺激素结合蛋白(11) thyroxine-binding prealbumin,TBPA甲状腺激素结合前蛋白(11) tidal volume潮气量(5) tight junction紧密连接(4) tonic contraction紧张性收缩(6) total lung capacity肺总容量(5) transcellular absorption跨细胞吸收(6) transduction of receptor换能作用(10) transmembrane signaling transmission跨膜信号传递(2) transmission传递(2) triiodothyronine,T3三碘甲腺原氨酸(11) tropic action营养作用(6) tyrosine kinase receptor酪苷酸激酶受体(2) U ultrimobranchial gland腮后腺(14) ultrashort-loop feedback超短反馈(11) unconditional reflex非条件反射(10) unspecific projection system非特异性投射系统(10) uropygial gland尾脂腺(14) V vagal tone迷走紧张(4) vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP血管活性肠肽(5, 14) vasopressin,VP升压素(11) venous pressure静脉血压(4) venous return静脉回心血量(4) ventilation /perfusion ratio通气/血流比值(5) ventral respiratory group,VRG腹侧呼吸组(5) venule微静脉(4) viscosity粘滞性(3) vital capacity肺活量(5) vomiting呕吐(6) w water diuresis水利尿(8)
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