新概念英语一-1-36课语法知识点.doc

新概念复习资料
英语国际音标表（48个）
元音（20个）
长元音 /ɑ:/ /ɔ:/ / ɜ:/ /i:/ /u:/
短元音 / ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/
双元音 /eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /ɪə/ /eə / /ʊə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/
辅音（28个）
轻辅音 /p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/
浊辅音 /b/ /d/  /g/ /v/ /ð/  /z/ 
轻辅音 /ʃ/ / h/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ 
浊辅音 /ʒ/ / r/  /dz/  /dʒ/ /dr/ 
鼻音 /m/ /n/  /ŋ/ 
半元音 / j/ / w/
边音 / ǀ/
语法知识
一 人称代词
第一人称单数
I
me
my
mine
第一人称复数
we
us
our
ours
第二人称单/复数
you
you
your
yours

第三人称单数
he
him
his
his
she
her
her
hers
it
it
its
its
第三人称复数
they
them
their
theirs
1. 主格做_________.一般放在________.
I’m a student. It is a bird. She is a teacher. You look nice. They are friends.
人称代词语序：几个人称代词并列做主语时，顺序为： 单数形式（二，三，一） 如： you ,he and I.
复数形式 （一，二，三） we, you and they.
①.________ are playing cards in the garden.
A. She , you and I B. You, she and I C. I, you and she
②. ____________ are Japanese.
A You ,we and they B They,we and you C We, you and they.
2. 宾格做_______. 一般放在_______和________后面。
I give him a book. He loves me. They call us every day.
We clean it every morning. She teaches us English. Look at me. Listen to her .
3. 形容词性物主代词相当于____________.中文意思是 ...的，后面必须要加_________-.
This is my cat. That is his mother. Is this your umbrella?
It is her car. That is their classroom. She is our English teacher.
4.名词性物主代词相当于_________. 后面不用加任何东西，名词性物主代词= ________________+__________.
Whose is this coat? It’s mine. (It’s my coat) mine= my coat.
Whose is that blouse? It’s hers. (It’s her blouse) hers=her blouse
Whose ticket is this ? It’s his. (It’s his ticket.) his=his ticket.
Our classroom is bigger than theirs. = Our classroom is bigger than their classroom.
That car is yours. = That car is your car.
These handbags are ours. =These handbags are our handbags.
二 名词所有格
1. 表示两者之间的“所属”关系，有两种表现形式，一种是’s所有格，另一种是of所有格
Beijing is China’s capital. = Beijing is the capital of China.
2. 用 and连接来两个并列名词，表示共同拥有，在最后一个名词后面加’s
This is Mary and her sister’s bedroom.
This is Stella and her brother’s bike.
3. 用 and 连接两个并列名词，表示分别拥有各自的物品，两个名词都要加’s
These are Leal’s and Zak’s handbags.
4. 以s结尾的名词，变成所有格时在后面加“’”,不以s结尾的直接加“s”
She is the two boys’ mother. This is Stella’s photo.
Children’s day Teachers’ Day
5 of形式的所有格
The door of the room He is a friend of mine. He is a friend of my brother’s.

三 特殊疑问句引导词
what什么答事物， who问谁来答人名， whose谁的表归属
when问时间答时间， where 在哪答地点，which哪一任你选, how是怎么表方式。

四 冠词
冠词有三个，不定冠词 a/an, 定冠词 the
冠词用在名词的前面。
1.a/an表示一个，用于修饰可数名词单数， an用在元音开头的单词前，a 用于以辅音开头的单词前面。
____ interesting book ___ hat ___ umbrella _____keyboard operator _______ customs officers
______ ant ____ ice cream man ______ orange _____ hour ____ elephant
2. the ①指________________________事物 the moon the sun the earth
②指______________________________ Open the door. Give the pencil.
③指_________________________人或者事物 There is a book. The book is mine.
④_______________某些人或者事物. Beijing is the Capital of China.
⑤用在________以及____________________前面 This is the first time I come to China. He is the tallest in the class. ⑥用在某些____________前面 the Great Wall
⑦用在某些____________前，表示______________：the poor the old the young
⑧用在________复数前，表示______________ the Green’s the browns
⑨用在__________-前 on the left/right in the front of
⑩用在___________-名词前 I can play the piano.
此外还有一些固定词组中。
五 不定代词 some 与 any
1. some和any都可以修饰______________，以及___________. 表示 一些
Do you have any water/bananas? Would you like some tea/bananas?
2 some用于肯定句以及表示建议，请求期望并得到对方肯定回答的疑问句时候，多用some。
There are some students in the classroom.
3. any一般用于___________与___________
Are there any pigs in the house? No, there aren’t any pigs in the house..
六 名词复数
可数名词的复数变化形式
1. 一般情况下直接加____, 在清辅音后面读____,在浊辅音和元音后面读_______,在t后面读______.在d后读_________.
desk — ________ pen —_________ day-________ student-_________ bed-___________

2. 以________________结尾的词，加________,读音为____
bus- ________ fox-_______ dish-_________ peach-________
3. 以_________字母加y结尾的，直接加_________,读音为_______.
boy -________ key-________
4.以________字母加y结尾的，把________再加_________读音为_______.
baby-________ fly-___________
5 以____或者_____结尾的，把______或者_____改成_____,再加____.读音为_______
leaf-_________ knife-_______ wife-__________
6 以o结尾的直接加_______,读音为______.
zoo-______ photo-________ kangaroo-________ piano-_______
7. 以o结尾的加_______,读音为_________.
negro-_____ hero-__________ potato-________ tomato-________
注意： mango 两者皆可
8 特殊变化
① man，woman, ___变_____. ____________.
man-_______ woman-_________ man doctor-________ woman teacher-_________
② 孩子们都是_____ . child-________.
③ goose, foot, tooth,_______变_____. goose- _______ foot-_________ tooth-_________
④ fish, deer, sheep, _________ fish— ________ deer-______ sheep-______
⑤ 中日_______, 英法_____,其余 _____加后面。 Chinese- ________ Japanese-_________
English man -_________ French man -____________
German-________
mouse-_________ this-_________ that-_________
七 be动词
1. I(我)用am， you(你)用am， is跟着 he(他),she(她), it(它),其他复数都用are
变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃， 变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。
他们是朋友。 （肯定句）
（否定句）
（疑问句）
2. There be表示存在有，我们告诉别人某人某事存在（或者不存在）常用这种结构。
河上有一些船 。 _____________________________________.
3. There be和 Here be句型 be动词的变化要遵循______原则
There _____ a teacher and some students in the classroom.
There _________ some students and a teacher in the classroom.
Here ____ your money and your passports. Here ____ your passports and your money .
4. 按要求改写句子：
有一个空瓶子在桌子上：（肯定句）
（疑问句）
（否定句）
有一些船在河上。 （肯定句）
（疑问句）
（否定句）
八 祈使句
祈使句表示请求，命令，建议等等，谓语动词一律用_______,句子通常不用主语，句末用叹号或者句号，用降调。
1. 肯定祈使句 Be careful. Open the door. (Lesson 29)
2. 否定祈使句 直接在前面加_________或者是never.
不要跑！_________________ 不要迟到___________________.
3. 用客气的语气表示祈使句,可以在句首或者末尾加上please,但是如果在句尾加please,那在please之前要加一个逗号.
Please stand up. Sit down, please.
改写下列祈使句：
The beds are untidy.
It's hot and the windows are shut.
There are old clothes in the cupboard.
The kitchen floor is dirty.
The dressing table is dusty.
The bedroom carpet is dirty.
The bathroom is untidy.
The cup is empty.
There is some bad milk in a bottle.
The knives on the desk are blunt.
九 现在进行时态
1. 定义: 现在进行时态表示现在正在进行的动作或者存在的状态.它的标志性的单词有________,___________,_______,___________等
2. 构成: 肯定句 : ________+__________+_____________. She is dancing now.
否定句: _______+__________+_____________+___________. Listen, they're not singing.
疑问句: _______+__________+____________? Look, is the cat eating fishing at the moment?
看, 他正在扫地.
3. 动词加ing,我们称之为____________________.
动词变成ing的形式有
① ____________________
open-_________ dust-___________ sweep-___________ empty-_________ sharpen-___________
② _____________________________.
make-_________ dance-_____________ give-_________ take-___________ close-_________
③辅+单元+辅,___________再加________.
run-_________ sit-___________ begin-___________ put-_____________
十 介词
1. on 2.in 3. under 4. above 5.over 6. on the left/right 7.in the middle of
6. 8.in front of/in the front of 9.across 10.along 11.through 12.off
13.go into/out of 14.between…and 15.among 16.near 17.beside 18.next to
十 一其他
1. Give sb. sth. =___________________________.
Give me that glass. (变成同义句)____________________________.
Give your money to me.(变成同义句)____________________________.
2. the same _________ different __________
We have ____________ teachers. We have ____________ teacher.

L1-L36单词:
职业类单词：
1.policeman 2.policewoman 3.taxi driver 4.air hostess 5.postman 6.nurse 7.mechanic 8.hairdresser 9.housewife 10.milkman 11.keyboard operator 12 .customs officer
13 .office assistant 14.sales-rep 15. ice cream man
What’s your/his/her job? I’m/He’s/ She’s a/an_________-.
What are their jobs? They’re _____________.
What do you/they do? We’re/ They’re _________.
What does he/she do? He’s/ She’s a/an ____________
形容词:
1. big - small 2. large -little 3 open -closed /shut 4 heavy-light 5short-long/tall 6 old-young/new 7 clean-dirty 8 hot-cold 9 fat-thin 10 empty-full 11 sharp-blunt 12 busy-free 13 lazy-hard working 14 lovely 15. thirsty
物品类单词:
1.umbrella 2.coat 3.ticket suit 4.pen 5.pencil 6. book 7.watch 8.dress 9.skirt 10. shirt 11.car 12. house 13.blouse 14.tie 15.passport 16. ice cream 17box 18 glass 19 cup 20. bottle 21 tin 22.knife 23.fork 24.spoon 25.shelf 26.desk 27. table 28.plate 29.cupboard 30.cigarette 31. television 32 .floor 33. dressing table 34.magazine 35 .bed 36. newspaper 37. stereo refrigerator 38.electric cooker 39.window 40.door 41.armchair 42.picture 43.wall 44.trousers 45.wardrobe 46.basket 47.bone 48.milk 49. tap 50.tooth 51.aeroplane 52.photograph 53 carpet 54 dog 55. shoe
家庭成员类单词：
1. grandfather 2.grandmother 3.mother 4. father 5. sister 6.brother 7. son 8. daughter
颜色类单词：
1. red 2. green 3. yellow 4. blue 5. purple 6.orange 7.brown 8.black 9. grey 10. pink 11 white
What colour is it? /the ___? It’s _____. What colour are they? these/those _____? They’re _________.
国家以及国籍类单词：
1.China-Chinese 2.Japan-Japanese 3.America-American 4.Korea-Korean 5.Russia-Russian 6.Italy-Italian 7.France-French 8.Germany-German 9. Norway-Norwegian 10.Sweden-Swedish 11. England-English 12. Holland-Dutch
Where are you/they from? I’m /They’re from_____. Where do you/they come from? I /They come from______
Where is he/she from? He/She’s from_______. Where does he/she come from? He/She comes from ________.

车牌：
1. Mercedes 2. Volvo 3. Mini 4. Toyota 5. Daewoo 6. Fiat 7. Ford 8. Peugeot
What make is it? It’s a/an ________.

动词以及动词词组：
1.see 2.look at 3.catch e 5.go 6.sit down- stand up 7.make 8.air 9.open 10.shut 11.put 12.dust 13.sweep 14.read 15.sharpen 16.put on-take off 17.turn on –turn off 18.empty 19.climb 20.fly 21.walk 22.sleep 23.shave 24.cry 25.wash 26 wait 27. jump 28 swim
Make the bed. Air the room. Open /shut the door/window. Put the clothes in the wardrobe
Sweep the floor Dust the dressing table Sharpen the pencil/knife Empty the bottle/cup.
Climb the mountain

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