人教版九年级英语unit12知识点.doc

Unit12. Life is full of the unexpected
本单元重要词组及短语
1. 捎（某人）一程____________ 2. 充满了 3.到......时候
4.迟到 5.发出响声 6. 一直做......
7.醒来 8.冲出 9. 凝视某人
10.难以置信 11. 露面 12.到达
13.即将做...... 14.即使；尽管 15.排队等候
16.起飞 17.转变成 18.化妆舞会
19.卖光 20.穿衣服 21.熬夜
22.整日整夜 23. 某人发生某事 24. 发生
25.跟某人开玩笑 26.捉弄某人 27.尽可能.......
28.减肥 29. 结束做某事 30.结婚
31.最幸运的一天 32..在......中间 33. 在那之后
34.通向 35. .一碗..... .36. 错过做某事

【本单元语法】-------过去完成时。
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间点以前即“过去的过去”已经发生的动作。
Mr. Black told me that he had seen the movie three times.
过去完成时要注意以下几个方面：
⑴ 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。
它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
⑵ 过去完成时的结构是：
肯定由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词”构成 否定式：had not + 过去分词
缩写形式：hadn’t
⑶ 过去完成时的时间状语：
① 表示过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短语。We had finished our homework before 10 o’clock.
② 可能通过when, before等引导的从句表示。When I got there, the train had left.
③ 过去某一时间通过上下文来表示。 Kate hadn’t studied hard, so she didn’t pass the exam yesterday.
语法练习题：
I. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. When I got there the bus _____ (go). 2. By the time I got to class, the teacher ____ (start) teaching.
3. We ____ (learn) over 1,000 words by the end of last term. 4. I ____ (clean) the room before he arrived here.
5. His brother ___ (leave) home for a year when he got back.
II.单项选择
1．He asked me __ ___ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone
2. What _ ___ Jane ____ by the time he was sever? A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I __ ___ 900 English words by the time I was ten。A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
4. She ___ ___lived here for ______ years.A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I ___ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
6. She said she __ ________ the principle already A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
Section A.
1.Life is full of the unexpected. 生活充满了意外。(标题）
【解析1】be full of = be filled with充满，装满
① Our life is ______________chances, but there are also a lot of challenges.(充满)
② The box is_______________(装满) books.
③ On hearing the news, her heart was _____ gratitude. A. filled of B. full with C. filled with D. fill with
【 解析2】 unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的
the unexpected “意外的事情”“出乎意料的事”。
the ＋adj.表示一类人或事物。英语中，有些形容词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或事物，在句子中起名词的作用。 the homeless (无家可归者) the disabled(残疾人)
The old should be taken good care of by the government.
It will not be unexpected if Tom comes late again, because he is always like this.
3. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 当我出来时，公共汽车已经离开了。 (1b)
【解析】 by the time 在……以前，指从过去的某一点到从句所示的时间为止，常引导表示过去的时间状语从句，主句常用过去完成时，即had+动词过去分词。
①By the time I ________(walk) into the classroom, the teacher __________(start) ________(teach) already.
② By the time I got outside , the bus _________already ________(leave).
【2013山东枣庄】By the time I locked the door, I realized I ___my keys at home.
A. had repaired B. had changed C. had forgotten D. had left
4.【 解析】leave sth. +地点“把某物忘在某处”
forget意为“遗忘某物”，指忘记一件具体的东西，但不能有具体的地点。
I left my book on the desk.  I forgot my umbrella yesterday .
【拓展】
♦leave → left → left v 离开
(1)leave sth +地点 把某物遗忘在某地 (2)leave for +地点 离开去某地
(3) leave a message 留言 ask for leave 请假 leave school (中学) 毕业
(4)leave one by oneself=leave sb alone 把某人单独留下
【注意】英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用 leave + 地点 而不是forget+地点
Unluckily, I left my book at home   不幸的是，我把书忘在家里了。
—Lin Kai, hand in your homework, please.
—Oh, sorry. I _____ it at home this morning. A. was leaving B. has left C. will leave D. left
【2013山东枣庄】By the time I locked the door, I realized I ___my keys at home.
A. had repaired B. had changed C. had forgotten D. had left
－I’m sorry, Mr. Li. I _____ my English homework at home.
－Don’t forget ______ it to school tomorrow. A. left, to bring B. forgot, to take C. lost, to bring
forget→forgot→forgotten v忘记
(1) forget sth 忘记某事（不能跟地点状语连用）He forgot his grandfather’s name.
(2) forget to do sth 忘记去做某事（未做）(3) forget doing sth 忘记做过某事（已做）
Don’t forget__________(post) the letter for me on your way home.
5.【解析】oversleep =sleep late v 睡过头 sleep → slept → slept oversleep—overslept—overslept
( )I ___ this morning and missed the early bus. A. overslep B. slept C. held D. caught
6.【解析】get back to school 意为“回到学校”
【解析】（1）get back to 后接表地点的名词，意为 “ 回到某地”;
(2) get back 还可表示“ 回来，返回，拿回，取回”等含义。
【2014广东佛山】We lost the way in the forest, and we didn’t know .
A.where we get back B. when did we get back C. how we could get back
7.【解析】go off 发出响声,  (闹钟)闹响  The alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了
【短语】 go over 复习 go away 离开 go by (时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步
go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳
( ) I was late today because my alarm clock didn’t____A. run off B. go off C. give out D. give up
【拓展】⑴ go by “(时间)过去；消逝”。  ime goes by second by second. 
⑵ go on “继续”。  Please go on working. 请继续工作。
8. 【解析】be about to 忙于；即将做某事。
侧重于表示动作马上就要发生，常与when引导的从句连用，但不与具体的时间状语连用。
( ) Hurry up, Tom! The train is _____ to start.    A. about  B. with C. for  D. At
9. 【解析1】 stare v. 盯着看， 凝视 (表示看得比较仔细，有时候也带有吃惊的意味去看，常与at, into连用。)
Don’t stare at me like that.别那样盯着我看。
【解析2】in disbelief 不相信 ，疑惑， 怀疑
She looked at him in disbelief.
【解析3】above
【拓展】above/over/on辨析 【相同点】方位介词，“在……之上”
1）above 着重指：在……上方，不一定含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为：below.The sun rose above the horizon.
2）over 表盖在……上面，或铺在……上面。此时不能用above.代替。含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为under.
Spread the tablecloth over the table.把桌布铺在桌子上。
3）. on 含有与表面相接触的意思。The book is on the desk.
【2014扬州1】—This problem is far ______ me, I’m afraid I can’t work it out.
—Don’t worry, we will help you. A. beyond B. beside C. behind D. Between
【2014湖北鄂州1】 — She sold her treasures to cure her mother’s illness, even though it was her own wishes.
— It’s so kind _____ her. A. against; of B. above; of C. on; for D. for; for
11.【解析4】burn v. 着火，燃烧(burnt, burnt / burned, burned) burning adj. 着火的；燃烧的
He was trapped in a burning house.   他被困在正在燃烧的房屋里。
Teachers are often compared to _____ candles.   A. burnt     B. is burning   C. burns    D. burning  
⑴ burn away烧掉 Half of the candle had burnt away. 蜡烛已烧掉一半了。
⑵ burn down 渐渐烧完 The room  grew colder as the fire burnt down. 随着炉火逐渐减弱，屋里越来越冷。
12.辨析：alive, living, live与lively
alive
活着，“活的，有生命的，还出气的
可指人也可指物
表语，后置定语, 宾补
living
活着, 尚在人间, 健在的
指人或物
定语或表语
live
活着的，活生生的
指物，不指人
定语
lively
活泼的，活跃，充满生气的
可指人，也可指物
定语、表语或宾补
( ) 1. Jin Yong is one of the greatest and oldest writer. He is still .
A. living; alive B. living; living C. alive; living D. alive; lively
( )2. —Is his grandmother still ?—Yes, she is 102 years old! A. live B. living C. alive D. lively
13.【解析2】take off 脱掉； 起飞
take off 在此句中意为“起飞”，off 在此为副词表示“离开；走开”。它没有被动语态take off 也有“脱下”之意， 此时 off 为介词，后可直接跟宾语。
【拓展】与off相关的短语
keep off 隔离
drop off 放下，下车
take off 脱下，（飞机起飞
set off 出发，开始
hurry off 匆匆离开
turn off 关上，关闭

14.【解析】till 意为“到，直到”，相当于until.  
⑴ 用于肯定句时, 主句的动词只用延续性的，它所表示的动作一直延续到till或until表示的时间为止，意为“直到……为止”。 She watched TV till her mother came back.
⑵ 用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非延续性的，也可以是延续性的，它所表示的动作直到till或until所表示的时间才发生，意为“直到…（才）”。She didn’t watch TV till her mother came back. 
( ) I didn’t believe he could drive ____ he told me.  A. once  B. while  C. since  D. till  
( )--Mark, you look so tired.  
--Oh, I worked ____ it was 12 o’clock last night.     A. unless    B. after    C. till    D. as 
We’re leaving tomorrow. We will be away _______ next Friday. A. From B. until C. on D. since

Section B

1. 【解析】fool (1) n. 傻子 呆子  (2) v. 愚弄 欺骗→foolish adj. 愚蠢的
on April Fool’s Day 愚人节 make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人
He is a fool. 他是一个呆子。（名词） We can’t fool our teacher. 我们不能欺骗我们的教师。(动词)
I was _______(fool) enough to believe what he told me.
2. 【解析】embarrass v 使尴尬→embarrassed adj. 尴尬的(用来修饰人)(1a)
→embarrassing adj. 令人难堪的（（修饰物）
①I was _______________(embarrass) when the boy asked me the question.
②She was ____when they kept telling her how clever she was. A. embarrass B. embarrassed C. embarrassing
3.【解析】invite v → invitation n邀请
(1) invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事
(2)invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地
①We invited him ____(join) us to practice speaking English.
②He invited a lot of friends ____(come) to his birthday party.
—Claudia, are you going to Jeff’s birthday party on Saturday?
—Unless I______ . A. will be invited B. am invited C. was inviting D. invited
—Tom! I looked for you everywhere at the party last night.
—Oh, I _______ to the party. A. am invited B. was invited C. am not invited D. wasn’t invited
4.the other kids showed up (1d)
【解析】show up 出席
【短语】：on show =on display 展览
show off 炫耀 show sb. around 带某人参观
show sb. sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物
( )①Why didn’t you show ___at the meeting yesterday? We kept waiting for a long time.
A. up B. around C. off D. on
( ) ②He didn’t show _______ until the meeting was over.
A. on B. out C. in D. up
—It’s everyone’s duty to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign.
—Sure. We should try to _______ all the food that we’ve ordered.
A. give up B. eat up C. turn up D. show up
5. April Fool’s Day is a celebration that takes place in different countries around the world.
 愚人节一种发生在世界上不同国家的庆祝活动。(2b)
【解析】take place “发生；进行；举行；产生”。
【辨析】：happen 与take place

happen
常指具体的事物的发生，特别指那些偶然的“发生”。不及物动词，没有被动语态sth happen to sb 意为“ 某人发生某事”。
后接不定式，表示“碰巧；恰好”之意。
happen to do sth 意为‘‘碰巧做某事’’。
take place
1“发生”, 也无被动语态，指经过安排或计划地发生。
2“举行”The sports meeting will take place in our school
【小试牛刀】用happen和take place填空。
1. When will the basketball match between Class 3 and Class 4 _____?
2. I ____ to have read the article when he asked me about it.
3. When will the ceremony _____?
4. That accident _____ at the corner.
5.Can you tell me what happened him just now?
A. with B. for C. to D. at
6. It happens on April 1st every year and is a day when many people play all kinds of tricks and jokes on each other. 愚人节是每年的四月一日，在这一天，人们互相捉弄开各种玩笑。(2b)
【解析】play tricks on sb. “捉弄某人”，
play jokes on sb.“对某人开玩笑 ”
( ) It's impolite to laugh at, stare at or play _____on disabled people  
A. fun    B. jokes     C. tricks    D. parts
7. Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy buy as much as spaghetti as they could. 很多人跑到当地的超市抢购尽可能多的意大利面条。(2b)
【解析】as +形容词/副词的原级+ as sb. can / could 意为“尽可能地……”，在句中作状语。
as +形容词/副词的原级+ as sb. can / could = as + 形容词/副词原级+ as possible.
We must do everything as possible. = We must do everything as well as we can.
我们要尽量做好每一件事。
【追踪训练】翻译下面的句子。
1）. 我已经把书尽可能多地给你送来了。
I have sent you ___ ____ ____ ____ ____.
2）. 这只猫想要尽快吃掉这些食物。
The cat wants to eat out the food __ __ __ __
8. By the time people realized that the story was a hoax, all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out(2b)当人们意识到这是个骗局时，全国所有的意大利面都销售一空了
【解析】sell out 卖光 （用物作主语时，常用于被动语态 be sold out）
【拓展】out 构成的短语：
give out 分发 hand out 分发 work out 得出结果 run out of 用完
go out 出去 find out 查明 look out 当心 take out 拿出
( ) — Do you have Nokia E72 mobiles?
— Sorry, they have been ____ . You may come next time.
A. given out B. looked out C. sold out D. come out
9. By the end of the day, more than 10,000 people had phoned the TV station to find out how to get the water. 一天之内有一万多人打电话给电视台，询问如何弄到这种水。(2b)
【解析】find out “找出，查明，弄清楚”，后可接名词名词性短语或宾语从句
【辨析】find out, look for 与 find
(1)find out 强调经过调查、询问、研究等曲折过程后才能找出。如：
Please find out when the train leaves. 请查明火车什么时间离开。
(2)look for 意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。如：
I'm looking for it everywhere.我正在到处找它。
(3)find 意为“发现，找到”，强调寻找的结果。如：
I can't find my pet dog.我找不到我的宠物狗。
【易错题】The policemen will go to_________the truth.
　　A. find　　　 B. find out　　　 C. decide　　　 D. look for
10.Many April Fool’s jokes may end up being not very funny.(2b)
【解析】end up (doing sth.)（以…）结束；最终成为；最后处于
I must make good use of my spare time, or I will end up doing nothing.
我必须充分利用空闲的时间,否则我的生命将会在无所事事中告终。
end up sth. 表示“结束某事”。
The scientist ended up his speech at last.那个科学家最后结束了演讲。
end up with sth. （以……）结束
The students began with speaking English, but ended up with speaking Chinese.
同学们以说英语开始，却以说汉语结束。
The boats take different routes, but they all____ in the same place.
A.give up B. clear up C. end up D. make up
11. He asked her to marry him. 他向她求婚。(2b)
【解析2】marry v嫁娶
(1)A marry B. “A 与B结婚”
Bill married Mary on January 1, 1994.
(2) A and B get married = A and B are married A和B结婚
get married 结婚
Kate and Tom get married last year.
She married her daughter to a rich man.
(3) be married to sb 与……结婚
①.My aunt got_____________(marry) last year.
②.When did Sue and Jack___________(结婚).
( ) ③ — Betty, did your son get married in the year 2000.
— Yes , he _____ for about eight years.
A. has married B. has been married C. has got married D. was married
12.In that month in 1938, actor Orson Welles announced on his radio program that aliens from Mars had landed on the earth. 在1938年的那个月，演员奥森.威尔斯在他的广播节目中宣布火星人已经登陆地球。
【解析1】 land on 意为“着陆；降落于”，反义词组为take off
13. Wells made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed the story, and fear spread across the whole country. (2b)威尔斯说得如此逼真，以至于数以百计的人相信了这个故事，恐怖席卷了整个国家
【解析】 hundred n 百 hundreds of 数以百的
When he arrived at the airport, Lee Minho found that ____ fans were waiting for him there.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of
thousand n 千 thousands of成千上万的
Thousands of ________ (visitor) come to my hometown Suqian every year.
million n 百万 millions of成百万的
【注】：(1)当hundred/ thousand/million 前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式
— How many people were invited to the meeting?
— About six ____.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of
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