广州新版八年级英语下册unit.doc

Unit 1 Helping those in need
一、 要点概括
1. 短语
in need, voluntary work, ask peimission, suffer from, raise one’s spirits, in order to, continue to do, pay for, work as
2. 句型
(1) There are many children without parents.
(2) They have difficulty walking or moving.
(3) I am thingking about doing some voluntary work.
(4) I am going to do some voluntary work.
(5) Since then, this project has helped millions of girls return to school.
(6) I wish to help other girls the way the Spring Bud Project helped me.
二、 疑难宝典
1. courage 勇气，勇敢
amazing courage 惊人的胆量 cool courage 镇定勇气
He hurt his leg in an accident, but he has lots of courage.
They do not have the courage to apologise for their actions.
2. illness （某种）病
bear illness 忍受疼痛 cure illness 治愈疾病 combat illness 与疾病斗争
He died at the age of 83 after a long illness.
3. in order to 目的在于，为了
In order to raise money for children in need, we are going to sell old books.
She worked all summer in order to save enough money for a holiday.
4. lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的
She is unhappy and very lonely.
【区别】lonely＆alone
alone单独的（意为没有其他人陪伴）；lonely孤独的（因为没有他人的陪伴而难受）
5. offer 主动提出 [ + to do sth. ]表示愿意（做......）
Three teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays.
He offered to get me a cab.
6. peace 宁静，平静（n.） peaceful adj. 宁静的
I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy and peace.
After a busy day, all I want is peace and quiet.
7. raise 筹募，增加，提高
We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits.
They are raising money for charity.
Please raise standards.
【区别】raise＆rise
raise意思是将某物抬举或举到较高的位置，或者增加数量、提高水平，后面必须跟宾语。
rise意思是增加或上升，后面不接宾语。
8. There be句型表示存在，意为“某地有某物”。Be动词应与紧跟其后的主语的单复数形式保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is或was，主语是复数可数名词时用are或were。
There is some bread on the plate.
There are seven days in a week.
There was a lot of rain last year.
【拓展】当there be句型中有几个并列的主语时，be动词的形式通常要与离其最近的主语的单复数形式保持一致。
There is a pen and two books on the desk.
There are two boys and a teacher over there.
9. tell是及物动词，意为“讲述；告诉”。Tell stories意为“讲故事”。
Can you tell stories in English.
辨析：tell, talk, speak与say
tell
告诉，讲述
表示把某件事或某条信息传达给别人，也可以表示“讲故事”或“说谎话”等
speak
说，发言
常用来指说某种语言，也可指发言等
talk
交谈，谈话
talk to/ with sb. 意为“与某人交谈”，talk about意为“谈论”
say
说
强调说的内容，它的后面或前面往往有说话的内容

He likes to tell jokes.
He tells me that he wants to be a teacher.
Please talk to him right now.
He can speak English and a little Chinese.
Can you say it in English once more?
10. unhappy是由形容词happy加否定前缀“un-”构成的，意为“伤心的，不快乐的”。在英语中，形容词的否定前缀有un-, in-, im-, ir-, dis-等。有些形容词加上相应的前缀，就构成了其反义词，这种词法称为前缀法或派生法。
①大多数形容词加前缀un-构成反义词。
able---unable friendly---unfriendly
②以c或e开头的形容词通常加前缀in-构成反义词。
correct---incorrect expensive---inexpensive
③以p开头的形容词通常加前缀im-构成反义词。
possible---impossible polite---impolite
④以r开头的形容词通常加前缀ir-构成反义词。
regular---irregular
⑤有些形容词加前缀dis-构成反义词。
honest---dishonest
11. difficulty 不可数名词，意为“困难，费劲”。Have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，doing前的in可以省略。
I have some difficulty (in) working out the maths problems.
He has difficulty (in) solving the problem.
【拓展】类似结构的短语：
have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦 have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有问题
have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事有乐趣
12. 辨析because与because of
because
连词，后接从句
because of
后接名词、代词或名词性短语

He didn’t pass the exam because of his carelessness.
= He didn’t pass the exam because he was careless.
13. 辨析：read, look, see, watch
这四个词都有“看”的意思，但是“看”法不同：
①read指“看”时，实指“阅读”，常用于看书、看报等。
I like reading books at home.
②look指集中注意力地看，是有意的，强调“看”的动作。单独使用时，用来引起对方的注意；如果跟宾语，要和at连用。
Look！ Tom is over there.
Look at the blackboard, please.
③see强调“看”的结果，意为“看见，看到”。
How many birds can you see in the tree?
④watch强调“专注地看”，有欣赏的意味，常用于看电视、看球赛等。
Do you watch TV at night?

14. 辨析：arrive, get与reach
arrive
不及物动词
后跟宾语时，常与at或in连用。表示到达村、镇、车站、机场等小地方时，要用介词at；表示到达国家、大城市时，要用in
We can arrive at the train station at two o’clock.
I fell in love with the city as soon as I arrived in Dalian.
get
不及物动词
其后须接介词to，多用于口语中。若接地点副词，则不用介词to
Write to me when you get to Shanghai.
I usually get home at half past five in the afternoon.
reach
及物动词
其后直接跟宾语，一般不接地点副词
He reached Guangzhou last month.

一、 单词拼写。
1. He is so brave that he has lots of c_________ to fight with tiger.
2. Mr. Li can not drink any cold drinks because of the s__________ toothache.
3. We will r__________ money to help the disabled people this Sunday.
4. She gets l___________ now that the kids have all left home.
5. If you have p____________, you will feel quiet and happy.
二、 完成句子。
1. 有些世界上最好的运动员都忍受着哮喘的折磨。
Some of the best athletes in the word ________ _________ asthma.
2. 我们表示愿意帮助那些贫困的孩子们。
We ________ _________ __________ those poor children.
3. 这位病人站立和行走都有困难。
The patient _________ _________ ____________ and __________.
4. 憨豆先生经常给人们带来欢乐。
Mr. Bean always __________ people _____________.
5. 为了帮助那些需要帮助的孩子们，我们决定去做一些志愿的工作。
______________________________, we decide to _________________________________.
三、句子翻译
1. 我想做一些自愿者工作。
______________________________________________________________
2. 我们将为那些贫困的孩子们筹款。
_____________________________________________________________
3. 你能允许我们去帮助那些无家可归的动物吗？
_____________________________________________________________
4. 他们主动帮助需要帮助的人。
_____________________________________________________________

四、选择正确答案
1. He has made many friends here so he doesn’t feel _______.
A. alone B. lonely C. happy D. serious
2. Alice is a warm-hearted singer. She always teachers the children around her ______.
A. sings B. sing C. singing D. to sing
3. Whenever people are in need, he always offers _____ them.
A. to help B. helps C. help D. helped
4. These disabled persons have difficulty _______. Let’s help them.
A. walk B. walking C. walks D. walked
5. After a short rest, they continued ________.
6. --What activities are you going to take part in?
--I’m planning to raise money ____ the earthquake victims.
A. in B. with C. to D. for
7. He lost his job _____ his illness.
A. because B. because of C. so D. though
8. The Spring Bud Preject paid for me ______ to school.
A. to return B. return C. in returning D. returned
9. In my childhood, I learnt to cook and wash and do many ______ things.
A. the other B. other C. others D. the others
10. Don’t make people ______ anything they don’t want ________.
A. do, to do B. to do, do C. doing, to do D. to do, doing
写作训练
假如你是李华，在上星期天你参加志愿者的活动，请根据要点写作。
要点：
1. 打扫街道，保持了市容卫生；
2. 去医院探望患病的小孩，并为他们讲故事；
3. 下午去老人院探望老人家，并为他们唱歌、跳舞；
4. 你的感受是......
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语法选择题
As teenagers, you have many dreams. These dreams can be very big, such as winning the Nobel Prize, 1 they can be small. You may just want to become one of the ten best students in your class.
     Once you find a dream, what do you do with it? Do you ever try to make your dream ?
"Follow Your Heart" by Australian writer Andrew Mathews tells us that making our dreams real is life's biggest challenge.
     You may think you're not very good at some school subjects, or that it is impossible for you 3 a writer. These kinds of thoughts stop you from getting your dream, the book says.
In fact, everyone can make 4 come true. 5 first thing you must do is to remember what your dream is.
     Don't let it leave your heart. Keep 6 yourself what you want. Do this step by step and your dream will come true faster because a big dream is made up of many small ones.
     There 7 difficulties on the road to your dreams. But the biggest one 8 from yourself. You need to decide what is the most important. Studying instead of watching TV will lead you 9 a better exam results, while saving five yuan instead of buying an ice cream means you can buy a new book. As you get 10 to your dream, it may change a little. This is good as you have the chance to learn more skills and find new interests.
1. A. as B. but C. for D. or
2. A. real B. reality C. really D. realize
3. A. becomes B. to become C. becoming D. become
4. A. his B. its C. their D. him
5. A. A B. Some C. The D. /
6. A. to tell B. tells C. telling D. told
7. A.will be B. will have C. have D. has
8. A. come B. has come C. came D. comes
9. A. by B. to C. in D. with
10. A. closely B. closing C. closed D. closer

完形填空
Saturday, June 16th  
　　In the morning, we went camping along a path in Green Natural Park. We were happy because it was a 1 day. We were expecting an enjoyable two-day holiday. On the way, we kept singing and making jokes.
　　However, in the afternoon, when we finished our 2 at one o’clock, it was dark and windy. Soon, there was a shower. Unluckily, none of us brought 3 . We ran about but we could find no place to hide.
　　Twenty minutes passed and it was still raining, There were 4 to go before we reached the campsite (野营地). It was even worse that our small compass (指南针) showed that we went to the wrong way. We had 5 ! 
　　We had to make a quick 6 as it was raining heavily. Chris said we could set up a tent to hide in, so Mary and Tom helped to set up the tent. Chris and I tried to make a fire to keep us 7 . But we were unable to light the fire, as everything was 8 We dried ourselves, chatted and waited inside the tent. At about five o’clock, it stopped raining. We decided to 9 the camping trip because all of us had been very tired.
　　This camping trip may not be very 10 but we know each other better. And the most important thing I’ve learned from this trip is the importance of team spirit.
1. A. rainy B. sunny C. snowy D. windy
2.A. work B. trip C. supper D. lunch
3. A. an umbrella B. a map C. a phone D. a watch
4. A. months B. minutes C. hours D. days
5. A. happy B. lost C.excited D.bored
6. A. decision B. look C. answer D.list
7. A. clean B. cool C. warm D. cold
8. A. dry B. broken C. dirty D. wet
9. A. go on B. give up C. put of D. insist on
10. A. valuable B. useful C. boring D. successful